Abstract: A method of assessing a probe by measuring a known sample whose shape is known with the probe in an electronic microscope, the known sample having a projection part on a surface thereof, and the projection part having a shape tapered toward a vertex thereof, the method comprising a step of measuring circle equivalent radius of the projection part, a step of comparing the circle equivalent radius with a first threshold value, and a step of determining that the probe is satisfactory when the width is less than the first threshold value, and a step of determining that the probe is unsatisfactory when the width is equal to or greater than the first threshold value.

Abstract: A scanning circuit device for providing analog switching action for a one dimensional image sensor, comprising a voltage source (1) for providing a sawtooth wave, a first (Da.sub.1 -Da.sub.3) and a second (Db.sub.1 -Db.sub.3) group of diodes, and a first (Ra.sub.1 -Ra.sub.3) and a second (Rb.sub.1 -Rb.sub.3) group of resistors. The two groups of diodes become sequentially conductive in response to the sawtooth wave, with the result that a set of circuit elements (S.sub.1 -S.sub.3) connected in parallel with the second group of diodes are sequentially scanned electrically. The diodes used as analog switches are easier to fabricate than transistors.

Abstract: There provided is a pressure detector accurate in operation and high in reproducibility to have a resistance circuit substrate provided with at least one pair of electrodes and forming a resistance circuit between the electrodes through printing or other means, a block contact maker formed of a conductive elastic material to a shape ready for deforming, which is characterized in that the block contact maker is kept in contact with the resistance circuit substrate at all times, the block contact maker is deformed according as the state shifts from non-pressurized to pressurized to change a contact area gradually with the resistance circuit substrate, thus forming a variable resistance circuit parallel electrically with the resistance circuit substrate.

Abstract: A pressure sensing device constructed of a high molecular conductor kept in contact at all times with at least one pair of electrodes in a circuit and wherein the resistance of the conductor is sensitive to external forces oppositely applied by an actuator and a spring. Changing of the relative value of the forces changes the conductor resistance thus changing the circuit resistance.

Abstract: A spring unit for a keyboard comprises a base sheet having a specified number of openings perforated thereupon in accordance with a key layout and a number of dome-shaped spring members separated individually from each other, and each bearing a movable contact point for completing a circuit between fixed contact points. Each of the spring members is removably engaged with an opening in the base sheet. The spring members are molded from a high polymer resilient material and are easily replaceable.

Abstract: A weft picking system of a loom comprises a weft winding-guide arm which wounds a weft yarn around a stationary drum in order to measure a weft length to be required for one pick of the weft yarn. The weft winding-guide arm is driven by a pulse motor whose revolution speed is slowly decreased from a predetermined level toward a stoppage of revolution of the pulse motor so as to measure a predetermined part of a required weft length, while is slowly increased into the predetermined level since the initiation of the pulse motor revolution so as to measure a remainder part of the required weft length, thereby effectively preventing the weft yarn from being cut.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing prestressed concrete pipe which comprises arranging a reinforcing cage in a form, casting expansive concrete within the form in such a manner that the reinforcing cage is disposed outwardly of the center of the wall thickness of the concrete layer, and then forming the pipe centrifugally.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing prestressed concrete pipe which comprises arranging a reinforcing cage in a form, casting expansive concrete within the form in such a manner that the reinforcing cage is disposed outwardly of the center of the wall thickness of the concrete layer, and then forming the pipe centrifugally.