Abstract: A communication system includes a user terminal that transmits and receives a message, and a server device that manages a public key and a private key, wherein the user terminal includes first processing circuitry configured to, when transmitting the message to another user terminal, acquire a public key corresponding to identification information about a recipient of the message, and encrypt the message or a file attached to the message, using the acquired public key, transmit, to the another user terminal, a message obtained by encrypting the message or the file attached to the message, and when receiving the message from the another user terminal, request the server device to decrypt the message or the file attached to the message, and receive the decrypted message or file from the server device, and the server device includes second processing circuitry configured to generate a private key corresponding to the identification information.

Abstract: There is provided a robot device including: a head portion coupled to a trunk; four leg portions on a front left, a front right, a rear left, and a rear right coupled to the trunk; a first indirect portion that tilts the head portion left and right; and a second joint portion that rotates, with respect to the trunk, one of the leg portions on the rear left and the rear right to a front side, and the other to a rear side. It is possible to faithfully reproduce the movement of the four-legged animal by providing the first joint portion and the second joint portion.

Abstract: A fuel cell is provided with: a membrane electrode assembly (MEA); and a cathode-side separator assembled to the MEA, the cathode-side separator including first passages on a first surface of the cathode-side separator on a side closer to the MEA, and second passages on a second surface of the cathode-side separator on an opposite side, the first and second passages allowing oxidant gas to flow through the first and second passages, respectively. The first passages include first recessed portions on the first surface so as to extend from one end of the cathode-side separator to the other end, the second passages include second recessed portions on the second surface so as to extend from the one end to the other end and to be arranged alternately with the first recessed portions, and a penetration hole on a bottom face of the second recessed portion penetrating through the cathode-side separator.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method of processing language, includes: calculating a value indicating a degree of easiness of association between words with regard to one or more combinations of words in a first word group included in first text data and a second word group included in second text data; associating a first word and a second word based on the value indicating the degree of easiness of association; calculating a value indicating a degree of easiness of association between word groups with regard to a word group in the first text data including the first word and a word group in the second text data including the second word, using a result of the associating and the value indicating the degree of easiness of association between the words; and updating the value indicating the degree of easiness of association between the words by using the value indicating the degree of easiness of association between the word groups.

Abstract: In a seal-type thermal transfer image-receiving sheet, the total thickness thereof is 250 ?m or less, a seal portion has a layered structure in which a pressure-adhesive layer, a seal portion substrate, and a receiving layer are layered in this order from a release portion side. A release portion has a layered structure in which a surface resin layer, a release portion paper substrate, and a back face resin layer are layered in this order from a seal portion side. One or both of the seal portion substrate and the surface resin layer includes a layer made of polyethylene terephthalate is 50 ?m or more. The sum of the thickness of the seal portion substrate and the thickness of the surface resin layer is four times or more the thickness of the back face resin layer, and the thickness of the back face resin layer is 20 ?m or more.

Abstract: In a seal-type thermal transfer image-receiving sheet, the total thickness thereof is 250 ?m or less, a seal portion has a layered structure in which a pressure-adhesive layer, a seal portion substrate, and a receiving layer are layered in this order from a release portion side. A release portion has a layered structure in which a surface resin layer, a release portion paper substrate, and a back face resin layer are layered in this order from a seal portion side. One or both of the seal portion substrate and the surface resin layer includes a layer made of polyethylene terephthalate is 50 ?m or more. The sum of the thickness of the seal portion substrate and the thickness of the surface resin layer is four times or more the thickness of the back face resin layer, and the thickness of the back face resin layer is 20 ?m or more.

Abstract: An on-board camera device includes a camera unit, a hood member, a thermally conductive member, a heater device, and a temperature measurement element. The camera unit captures an image of an ambient environment through a window glass of a vehicle. The hood member blocks an unnecessary light beam from outside and suppresses background reflection on the window glass. The thermally conductive member is fixed to the hood member to thermally contact with the window glass. The heater device contacts with the thermally conductive member and removes dew condensation and fog adhering to the window glass. The temperature measurement element is provided at the heater device and partly contacts with the thermally conductive member. The temperature measurement element detects a temperature state of the heater device during operation of the heater device and a temperature state of the window glass through the thermally conductive member during non-operation of the heater device.

Abstract: Provided is a seal-type thermal transfer image-receiving sheet capable of providing a seal section having novel designability. A seal-type thermal transfer image-receiving sheet includes a release section and a seal section integrated. The seal section is provided peelably from the release section. The seal section has a layered structure in which a pressure-adhesive layer and a receiving layer capable of receiving a sublimable dye are layered in the order mentioned from the side of the release section. When the seal section is peeled off from the release section, a reference plate and the seal section peeled off are superposed together, and a reflection density of the reference plate is measured from the side of the seal section, the value of the reflection density is 15% or more, on the presupposition that the reflection density of the reference plate before the superposition with the seal section is set to 100%.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method of processing language, includes: calculating a value indicating a degree of easiness of association between words with regard to one or more combinations of words in a first word group included in first text data and a second word group included in second text data; associating a first word and a second word based on the value indicating the degree of easiness of association; calculating a value indicating a degree of easiness of association between word groups with regard to a word group in the first text data including the first word and a word group in the second text data including the second word, using a result of the associating and the value indicating the degree of easiness of association between the words; and updating the value indicating the degree of easiness of association between the words by using the value indicating the degree of easiness of association between the word groups.

Abstract: A solid electrolytic capacitor element that includes a porous body, a dielectric layer on a surface of the porous body, and a solid electrolyte layer on a surface of the dielectric layer. The porous body is made from a sintered body of a Ti-alloy-containing grain having a Ti—Zr—X multicomponent alloy on a surface thereof, where X is at least one valve metal element selected from Si, Hf, Y, Al, Mo, W, Ta, Nb, and V, and a composition of the Ti—Zr—X multicomponent alloy is Ti: 50 atm % to 80 atm %, Zr: 8 atm % to 32 atm %, and X: 1 atm % to 20 atm %.

Abstract: In a seal-type thermal transfer image-receiving sheet, the total thickness thereof is 250 ?m or less, a seal portion has a layered structure in which a pressure-adhesive layer, a seal portion substrate, and a receiving layer are layered in this order from a release portion side. A release portion has a layered structure in which a surface resin layer, a release portion paper substrate, and a back face resin layer are layered in this order from a seal portion side. One or both of the seal portion substrate and the surface resin layer includes a layer made of polyethylene terephthalate is 50 ?m or more. The sum of the thickness of the seal portion substrate and the thickness of the surface resin layer is four times or more the thickness of the back face resin layer, and the thickness of the back face resin layer is 20 ?m or more.

Abstract: Provided is a seal-type thermal transfer image-receiving sheet capable of providing a seal section having novel designability. A seal-type thermal transfer image-receiving sheet includes a release section and a seal section integrated. The seal section is provided peelably from the release section. The seal section has a layered structure in which a pressure-adhesive layer and a receiving layer capable of receiving a sublimable dye are layered in the order mentioned from the side of the release section. When the seal section is peeled off from the release section, a reference plate and the seal section peeled off are superposed together, and a reflection density of the reference plate is measured from the side of the seal section, the value of the reflection density is 15% or more, on the presupposition that the reflection density of the reference plate before the superposition with the seal section is set to 100%.

Abstract: A solid electrolytic capacitor element that includes a porous body, a dielectric layer on a surface of the porous body, and a solid electrolyte layer on a surface of the dielectric layer. The porous body is made from a sintered body of a Ti-alloy-containing grain having a Ti—Zr—X multicomponent alloy on a surface thereof, where X is at least one valve metal element selected from Si, Hf, Y, Al, Mo, W, Ta, Nb, and V, and a composition of the Ti—Zr—X multicomponent alloy is Ti: 50 atm % to 80 atm %, Zr: 8 atm % to 32 atm %, and X: 1 atm % to 20 atm %.

Abstract: Provided is a thermal transfer image-receiving sheet capable of suppressing the occurrence, inside a printer, of problems such as paper jam, printing failure, and abnormal sound. In a thermal transfer image-receiving sheet including a receiving layer on a substrate, the thermal transfer image-receiving sheet is provided with a perforation capable of being folded and torn off therealong; and the maximum resistance value is 0.5 N/cm or more and 1.0 N/cm or less as measured when the thermal transfer image-receiving sheet is folded along the perforation while one end side of the thermal transfer image-receiving sheet is being secured, and a predetermined force is being continuously applied to the other end side of the thermal transfer image-receiving sheet, the one end side and the other end side being situated across the perforation.

Abstract: Provided is a thermal transfer image-receiving sheet capable of suppressing the occurrence, inside a printer, of problems such as paper jam, printing failure, and abnormal sound. In a thermal transfer image-receiving sheet including a receiving layer on a substrate, the thermal transfer image-receiving sheet is provided with a perforation capable of being folded and torn off therealong; and the maximum resistance value is 0.5 N/cm or more and 1.0 N/cm or less as measured when the thermal transfer image-receiving sheet is folded along the perforation while one end side of the thermal transfer image-receiving sheet is being secured, and a predetermined force is being continuously applied to the other end side of the thermal transfer image-receiving sheet, the one end side and the other end side being situated across the perforation.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing trichlorosilane, including: a reaction vessel in which a supply gas containing silicon tetrachloride and hydrogen is supplied to an internal reaction passageway to produce a reaction product gas containing trichlorosilane and hydrogen chloride; a heating mechanism that heats the interior of the reaction vessel; a gas supply section that supplies the supply gas in the reaction vessel; and a gas discharge section that discharges the reaction product gas from the reaction vessel to the outside, wherein the reaction passageway includes: a supply side passageway which is connected to the gas supply section at a central portion of the reaction vessel and flows the supply gas toward the outside while meandering in the reaction vessel; a return passageway which is connected to a downstream end of the supply side passageway and extends to the central portion of the reaction vessel; and a discharge side passageway that is disposed so as to be connected to a downstream end of the return passag

Abstract: An apparatus for producing trichlorosilane, including: a reaction vessel in which a supply gas containing silicon tetrachloride and hydrogen is supplied to produce a reaction product gas containing trichlorosilane and hydrogen chloride; a heating mechanism that heats the interior of the reaction vessel; a gas supply section that supplies the supply gas in the reaction vessel; and a gas discharge section that discharges the reaction product gas from the reaction vessel to the outside, wherein a reaction passageway is formed in the interior of the reaction vessel, in which a plurality of small spaces partitioned by a plurality of reaction tubular walls that have different inner diameters and are substantially concentrically disposed communicate by flow penetration sections formed alternately in lower portions and upper portions of the reaction tubular walls in order from the inside, and the gas supply section and the gas discharge section are connected to the reaction passageway.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing trichlorosilane, including: a reaction vessel in which a supply gas containing silicon tetrachloride and hydrogen is supplied to produce a reaction product gas containing trichlorosilane and hydrogen chloride; a heating mechanism that heats the interior of the reaction vessel; a gas supply section that supplies the supply gas in the reaction vessel; and a gas discharge section that discharges the reaction product gas from the reaction vessel to the outside, wherein a reaction passageway is formed in the interior of the reaction vessel, in which a plurality of small spaces partitioned by a plurality of reaction tubular walls that have different inner diameters and are substantially concentrically disposed communicate by flow penetration sections formed alternately in lower portions and upper portions of the reaction tubular walls in order from the inside, and the gas supply section and the gas discharge section are connected to the reaction passageway.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to actively control at least one of the position and direction of the imaging field in a subject and to observe a desired observed region in the subject certainly in a short period of time. A body-insertable device system according to the present invention includes a capsule endoscope 1 introduced into a subject and a permanent magnet 3. An imaging unit of the capsule endoscope 1 for taking an image inside the subject is fixed in a casing. The capsule endoscope 1 includes a drive unit for changing at least one of the position and posture of the casing in the liquid 2a which is also introduced in the subject 100. The permanent magnet 3 controls the operation of the drive unit for changing at least one of the position and posture of the casing in the liquid 2a.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to actively control at least one of the position and direction of the imaging field in a subject and to observe a desired observed region in the subject certainly in a short period of time. A body-insertable device system according to the present invention includes a capsule endoscope 1 introduced into a subject and a permanent magnet 3. An imaging unit of the capsule endoscope 1 for taking an image inside the subject is fixed in a casing. The capsule endoscope 1 includes a drive unit for changing at least one of the position and posture of the casing in the liquid 2a which is also introduced in the subject 100. The permanent magnet 3 controls the operation of the drive unit for changing at least one of the position and posture of the casing in the liquid 2a.