Abstract: A cooling apparatus comprises a pulse tube refrigerator (A) having a pressure source (1), a cold reservoir (6), a condenser (7), a pulse tube (9), a radiator (10), and a phase adjuster (12); and a low-temperature container having a liquid reservoir (21) fixed to a vacuum tank (31) through heat-insulating support members (36) and (37). The condenser (7) is fixed to a cold end (6b) of the cold reservoir (6), and is disposed in a gas phase portion (21a) of the liquid reservoir (21). A hot end of the pulse tube (9) is fixed to the vacuum tank (31) and is disposed in such a manner that a cold end (9b) of the pulse tube (9) is located lower than the hot end and is located in a liquid phase portion (21b) of the liquid reservoir (21). The cold end (9b) of the pulse tube (9) is disposed outside the liquid reservoir (21) but within the vacuum tank (31), and the cold end (9b) of the pulse tube (9) and the condenser (7) communicate with each other through piping (8).

Abstract: To provide a pulse tube refrigerator for enhancing refrigeration capacity. A pulse tube refrigerator includes a pressure-waveform generating device 1 for generating a pressure waveform of refrigerant gas, pulse tubes 14, 20 into which refrigerant gas with pressure waveforms flow, one of whose ends is adapted to a low-temperature end, and the other one of whose ends is adapted to a high-temperature end, cold accumulators 8, 10 for pre-cooling the refrigerant gas to be flowed into the pulse tubes 14, 20, a pressure-waveform phase controlling element having a buffer tank 23 communicating with the high-temperature end of the pulse tube 20, and controlling a pressure-waveform phase of the refrigerant gas for generating refrigeration at the low-temperature end of the pulse tube 20, and a vacuum heat-insulation bath 24 having a vacuum heat-insulation chamber 24w for accommodating the pulse tube 20. The buffer tank 23 is placed within the vacuum heat-insulation chamber 24w of the vacuum heat-insulation bath 24.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus comprises a pulse tube refrigerator (A) having a pressure source (1), a cold reservoir (6), a condenser (7), a pulse tube (9), a radiator (1), and a phase adjuster (12); and a low-temperature container having a liquid reservoir (21) fixed to a vacuum tank (31) through heat-insulating support members (36) and (37). The condenser (7) is fixed to a cold end (6b) of the cold reservoir (6), and is disposed in a gas phase portion (21a) of the liquid reservoir (21). A hot end of the pulse tube (9) is fixed to the vacuum tank (31) and is disposed in such a manner that a cold end (9b) of the pulse tube (9) is located lower than the hot end and is located in a liquid phase portion (21b) of the liquid reservoir (21). The cold end (9b) of the pulse tube (9) is disposed outside the liquid reservoir (21) but within the vacuum tank (31), and the cold end (9b) of the pulse tube (9) and the condenser (7) communicate with each other through piping (8).

Abstract: A linear actuator, in which a plurality of electromagnets where coils are wound around magnetic materials are provided so as to face each other in a manner where the polarities N and S of the electromagnets alternate at the time of excitation, and magnetic poles of a plurality of permanent magnets that are aligned so as to form a movable member are placed in positions that face the plurality of magnetic poles, in which the permanent magnets extend beyond the portions where the magnetic poles of the electromagnets are provided so as to face and therefore effects are attained that a stable force of magnetic attraction in the direction of the stroke is obtained and peeling and cracking of the permanent magnet are prevented.

Abstract: A pulse tube refrigerating machine, comprising a pulse tube (11) connected to a regenerator (9) and having a hot end part (11a) being heated, in which a cooling device (30), for cooling the hot side tube wall (11cd) of the pulse tube by cooling medium lower in temperature than the hot side tube wall of the pulse tube, cools the hot side tube wall (11cd) of the pulse tube by coolant flowing from the pressure source (1) of the pulse tube refrigerating machine into the regenerator (9).

Abstract: A pulse tube refrigerating machine, comprising a pulse tube (11) connected to a regenerator (9) and having a hot end part (11a) being heated, in which a cooling device (30), for cooling the hot side tube wall (11cd) of the pulse tube by cooling medium lower in temperature than the hot side tube wall of the pulse tube, cools the hot side tube wall (11cd) of the pulse tube by coolant flowing from the pressure source (1) of the pulse tube refrigerating machine into the regenerator (9).

Abstract: A cooling system includes a cold-accumulating refrigerator, and a cooling circuit. The cold-accumulating refrigerator includes a cold accumulator. The cooling circuit includes a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is thermally brought into contact with a portion of the cold accumulator whose temperature is varied from a high temperature to a low temperature by a working medium flowing therein. Thus, it is possible to utilize cold produced by the working medium flowing in the cold accumulator in one cycle (e.g., from a high temperature to a low temperature, and from a low temperature to a high temperature), thereby remarkably enhancing the cooling system in terms of cooling efficiency.

Abstract: A cooling system includes a cold-accumulating refrigerator, and a cooling circuit. The cold-accumulating refrigerator includes a regenerator. The cooling circuit includes a main circuit, and a branched circuit. The main circuit includes a counterflow heat exchanger. The branched circuit is branched from an upstream portion of the main circuit, and joined to a downstream portion thereof, thereby reducing one of the flows of a refrigerant, flowing in a high-pressure-side passage and a low-pressure-side passage which are disposed in the counterflow heat exchanger, with respect to the other one of the flows. Moreover, the branched circuit includes a heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger is thermally brought into contact with a portion of the regenerator whose temperature is varied from a high temperature to a low temperature by another refrigerant flowing therein.

Abstract: A refrigeration system includes a refrigerator having a compression portion having a compression cylinder and a compression piston moving slidably in the cylinder, a first heat excahnger, a regenerator and a second heat exchanger. An expansion portion has an expansion cylinder and an expansion piston moving slidably in the cylinder. A drive device drives the compression piston via a first rod and the expansion piston via a second rod. The compression cylinder includes a first large diameter portion where the compression piston is slidably moved and a first small diameter portion where the first rod is slidably moved, and the expansion cylinder includes a second large diameter portion where the expansion piston is slidably moved and a second small diameter portion where the second rod is slidably moved.

Abstract: A refrigeration system includes a refrigerator having a compression portion having a cylinder and a piston moving slidably in the cylinder, a first heat exchanger, a regenerator, a second heat exchanger, and an expansion portion having a bellows and a head formed integrally with the bellows. The piston is driven via a first rod and the head via a second rod. The cylinder has a large diameter portion where the piston is slidably moved and a small diameter portion where the rod is slidably moved.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a working space which is in fluid communication with a vessel of the volume-variable type with a capillary acting as a flow resistance. Each time change of the average cycle pressure in the working space is occurs, the volume of the vessel is varied so as to cancel the pressure-change. Thus, the average cycle pressure in the working space may be kept at a set value.

Abstract: A refrigerating system of this invention includes at least one expansion chamber, at least one cryogenic accumulator, conduits connecting the expansion chamber and the cryogenic accumulator, and a substance to be cooled disposed between the expansion chamber and the cryogenic accumulator and in contact with one of conduits. It is a feature of this invention that a bypass conduit is disposed in parallel with one of the conduits in contact with the substance to be cooled. Thus, even when the substance to be cooled is placed away from one of the expansion chambers and one of the cryogenic accumulators, the refrigerating system of this invention can efficiently produce an extremely cold temperature of 40.degree. K. or less, and cool the substance to be cooled to a much lower temperature.

Abstract: The maximum pressure of a working medium is reduced to or below the critical pressure of the working medium, or the critical pressure of the working medium is selected to lie between the maximum and minimum pressures of the working medium in a refrigerating machine having a compressor, a radiator, a heat exchanger, and an expander which are in successive communication, and the working medium is liquified partly or wholly in the heat exchanger and/or the expander.