Abstract: A manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing an oriented film, comprising: a film formation chamber; an evaporation section having an evaporation source, evaporating an oriented film material on the substrate by a physical vapor deposition, and forming the oriented film in the film formation chamber; a shielding plate arranged between the evaporation section and the substrate, having an elongated opening for selectively evaporating the oriented film material, and covering an area of the substrate on which the oriented film is not formed; a transfer chamber connected to the film formation chamber via a gate valve; a storing chamber connected to the transfer chamber and storing an unused shielding plate; and a substituting device arranged in the transfer chamber and substituting the shielding plate arranged in the film formation chamber to the unused shielding plate stored in the storing chamber.

Abstract: A manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing an oriented film of a liquid crystal device holding a liquid crystal between a pair of substrates facing each other, comprising: a film formation chamber; an evaporation section having an evaporation source, evaporating an oriented film material on the substrate by a physical vapor deposition, and forming the oriented film in the film formation chamber; a shielding plate arranged between the evaporation section and the substrate, having an elongated opening for selectively evaporating the oriented film material, and covering an area of the substrate on which the oriented film is not formed; and a first regulating member arranged between the evaporation source and the shielding plate and at a position closer to the evaporation source than from the shielding plate, regulating a sublimating direction in which the. oriented film material is sublimated.

Abstract: A power line carrier communication system includes a power line, a first communication device, a second communication device, the first and second communication devices being arranged on the power line and performing a communication via the power line, a storage section that stores information on a physical position of a first communication device, a detecting section that detects a communication state between the first and second communication devices, a relative position calculating section that calculates a relative position between the first and second communication devices based on the communication state, and an arithmetic operation section that calculates a physical position of the second communication device from the relative position and the information on the physical position of the first communication device stored in the storage section, and stores information on the calculated physical position of the second communication device into the storage section.

Abstract: A check-valved pouch has a main pouch body, and a check valve attached to the main pouch body. The main pouch body is formed of plastic film and defines an opening for receiving a substance. The check valve is formed of plastic film also, and includes a flat valve body defining an upper opening, with opposte sides and a lower end closed, and an inner passage for discharging gases toward the upper opening. A check piece formed of plastic film is disposed in an upper half of the valve body. The check valve further includes a porous filtering film disposed on one surface in a lower half of the valve body. The filtering film includes a filter surface, and a releasing film formed on the filter surface. The check valve is attached to the main pouch body, with the filtering film inserted into the main pouch body and the upper opening exposed to ambient air, whereby an interior of the main pouch body is communicable with an exterior through the filter surface, inner passage and upper opening.

Abstract: By multiplying a combed high-frequency portion of a luminance signal by a combed chrominance signal of a color television signal, a signal is obtained which can be used for operating a suppression circuit by means of which the high frequency portion of the luminance signal, obtained from a comb filter circuit suppressing the chrominance signal, can be suppressed at the occurrence of unwanted chrominance signals in the luminance signal.