Abstract: A puncture forming method is a method of forming punctures in a sample by irradiating a surface of the sample with a light beam. The puncture forming method includes: forming a first puncture by irradiating a first position on the surface of the sample with a first pulse of the light beam; and after the forming of the first puncture, forming a second puncture which at least partially overlaps the first puncture by irradiating, with a second pulse of the light beam, a second position on the surface of the sample positioned away from the first position in a first direction. The second puncture has a tip which is positioned inside the sample and which is bent in a direction opposite to the first direction.

Abstract: In a dry friction material and a method for manufacturing the same, to maintain a content of glass fibers low on a whole dry friction material to apply a hole boring for caulking assembly with high strength and high stiffness at a part to be subjected to the hole boring. A part (glass-rich part 30) to be subjected to the hole boring is pressed at a higher pressure than a part not to be subjected to the hole boring in a press-shaping step by providing a rib 21 protruding toward a shaped body side on a part of press dies 20A, 20B corresponding to the part to be subjected to the hole boring. Thereby, only a compounded rubber 4 is pushed outward and only the glass-rich part 30 has an increase in a content of glass fibers 3. Thereby, strength that can withstand the hole boring is obtained. Accordingly, a dry friction material 1 with a bored hole 2 bored without generating a failure in the hole boring can be manufactured.

Abstract: In a dry friction material and a method for manufacturing the same, to maintain a content of glass fibers low on a whole dry friction material to apply a hole boring for caulking assembly with high strength and high stiffness at a part to be subjected to the hole boring. A part (glass-rich part 30) to be subjected to the hole boring is pressed at a higher pressure than a part not to be subjected to the hole boring in a press-shaping step by providing a rib 21 protruding toward a shaped body side on a part of press dies 20A, 20B corresponding to the part to be subjected to the hole boring. Thereby, only a compounded rubber 4 is pushed outward and only the glass-rich part 30 has an increase in a content of glass fibers 3. Thereby, strength that can withstand the hole boring is obtained. Accordingly, a dry friction material 1 with a bored hole 2 bored without generating a failure in the hole boring can be manufactured.

Abstract: A torque limiter for vehicle includes a first member, a friction plate, a second member, an urging member, a first facing, and a second facing. The first member is connected to a first rotary shaft. The friction plate is connected to a second rotary shaft. The second member is retained on the first member. The urging member presses the second member toward the friction plate. The first facing is retained on a surface of the first member that faces the friction plate. The second facing is retained on a surface of the second member that faces the friction plate. At least one of the first member and first facing includes a first positioner, thereby positioning the former and latter coaxially with each other. At least one of the second member and second facing includes a second positioner, thereby positioning the former and latter coaxially with each other.

Abstract: Lubricating oil supply holes are drilled into a first member that is fitted to a plurality of first annular plates by a spline. Of splines to which each lubricating oil supply hole corresponds, lubricating oil grooves provided in the plurality of first annular plates do not overlap the splines on at least one of the front and rear surfaces of the first annular plates, and therefore lubricating oil flowing out of the lubricating oil supply holes is dispersed in a circumferential direction and flows from the inner periphery to the outer periphery of the first annular plates, rather than gathering in each lubricating oil groove and flowing in an outer peripheral direction. As a result, a force generated by an axial lubricating oil flow, which acts in a direction for causing the second annular plates to contact friction materials on the first annular plates, is suppressed, leading to a reduction in drag torque.

Abstract: Lubricating oil supply holes are drilled into a first member that is fitted to a plurality of first annular plates by a spline. Of splines to which each lubricating oil supply hole corresponds, lubricating oil grooves provided in the plurality of first annular plates do not overlap the splines on at least one of the front and rear surfaces of the first annular plates, and therefore lubricating oil flowing out of the lubricating oil supply holes is dispersed in a circumferential direction and flows from the inner periphery to the outer periphery of the first annular plates, rather than gathering in each lubricating oil groove and flowing in an outer peripheral direction. As a result, a force generated by an axial lubricating oil flow, which acts in a direction for causing the second annular plates to contact friction materials on the first annular plates, is suppressed, leading to a reduction in drag torque.

Abstract: A ring-shaped core metal is pressed and compressed by a main punch and a counter punch so as to have a wave shape. Moreover, each group of three micro-protrusions provided on each of top points of the wave shape are cut in the core metal. Then, three notches are cut on the core metal corresponding to the micro-protrusions. Furthermore, plastic flow is generated at a surface layer of the core metal due to partial compression by the notches at the time of pressing and compressing. Then, the waves are formed on the core metal with the notches as the top points. The notches are cut at seven sections respectively on a front surface and a rear surface of the core metal. Thus, seven waves are formed on the core metal in total. Since the notches are formed on the front and the rear surfaces of the waves, a “return” phenomenon is not generated as seen in a conventional cool working method. Thus, the waves are formed at high accuracy.

Abstract: A ring-shaped core metal is pressed and compressed by a main punch and a counter punch so as to have a wave shape. Moreover, each group of three micro-protrusions provided on each of top points of the wave shape are cut in the core metal. Then, three notches are cut on the core metal corresponding to the micro-protrusions. Furthermore, plastic flow is generated at a surface layer of the core metal due to partial compression by the notches at the time of pressing and compressing. Then, the waves are formed on the core metal with the notches as the top points. The notches are cut at seven sections respectively on a front surface and a rear surface of the core metal. Thus, seven waves are formed on the core metal in total. Since the notches are formed on the front and the rear surfaces of the waves, a “return” phenomenon is not generated as seen in a conventional cool working method. Thus, the waves are formed at high accuracy.

Abstract: An earphone jack is fixed on a printed circuit board by soldering as well as a first holding rib and a second holding rib for holding in the horizontal direction and a third holding rib for holding in the perpendicular direction with respect to the printed circuit board are provided on a shield case. The shield case is held in the perpendicular direction with respect to the printed circuit board by a fourth holding rib provided on the case.

Abstract: An earphone jack is fixed on a printed circuit board by soldering as well as a first holding rib and a second holding rib for holding in the horizontal direction and a third holding rib for holding in the perpendicular direction with respect to the printed circuit board are provided on a shield case. The shield case is held in the perpendicular direction with respect to the printed circuit board by a fourth holding rib provided on the case.

Abstract: A crack-type fatigue detecting sensor comprises: a foil substrate having a first surface and a second surface fixed to a member to be tested; and a foil fracture piece having a slit formed in a central portion between opposite end portions in a longitudinal direction thereof such that the slit extends from one side portion toward the other side portion in a width direction thereof perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, wherein the opposite end portions of the fracture piece are respectively fixed to the first surface of the substrate and a portion including the central portion having the slit has a thickness smaller than a thickness of the opposite end portions over a whole width.

Abstract: An earphone jack is fixed on a printed circuit board by soldering as well as a first holding rib and a second holding rib for holding in the horizontal direction and a third holding rib for holding in the perpendicular direction with respect to the printed circuit board are provided on a shield case. The shield case is held in the perpendicular direction with respect to the printed circuit board by a fourth holding rib provided on the case.

Abstract: A wet type friction member includes a core plate, a plurality of segmental friction units and oil grooves. The segmental friction units are bonded on the core plate at intervals in a ring-shaped manner. The oil grooves are demarcated and formed by facing end surfaces of neighboring two pieces of the segmental friction units, and connect an inner peripheral side of the core plate with an outer peripheral side thereof. At least one of the facing end surfaces of the segmental friction units have a cut-off portion, which is cut off inwardly, at an inner peripheral side end of the facing end surfaces and/or an intermediate portion thereof. The oil grooves are provided with a major-width portion of a wide groove width by the cut-off portion at an inner peripheral side opening of the oil grooves and/or an intermediate portion thereof.

Abstract: An external thread portion of an antenna holder (12), mounted on an antenna body (11), is connected to an internal thread portion of an antenna holder-receiving member (15) provided on an antenna guide (18), and in this connected condition, an antenna is passed through an antenna body passage hole (17) formed in a casing (13). Then, a fastening member (19) is mounted in a fitting portion (20), which is formed in the casing (13) so as to fix the antenna, and is disposed in the vicinity of the antenna body passage hole (17), thereby fixing the antenna. Therefore, the antenna can be mounted and fixed without using much labor and time.

Abstract: A wet type friction member includes a core plate, a plurality of segmental friction units and oil grooves. The segmental friction units are bonded on the core plate at intervals in a ring-shaped manner. The oil grooves are demarcated and formed by facing end surfaces of neighboring two pieces of the segmental friction units, and connect an inner peripheral side of the core plate with an outer peripheral side thereof. At least one of the facing end surfaces of the segmental friction units have a cut-off portion, which is cut off inwardly, at an inner peripheral side end of the facing end surfaces and/or an intermediate portion thereof. The oil grooves are provided with a major-width portion of a wide groove width by the cut-off portion at an inner peripheral side opening of the oil grooves and/or an intermediate portion thereof.

Abstract: A crack-type fatigue detecting sensor comprises: a foil substrate having a first surface and a second surface fixed to a member to be tested; and a foil fracture piece having a slit formed in a central portion between opposite end portions in a longitudinal direction thereof such that the slit extends from one side portion toward the other side portion in a width direction thereof perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, wherein the opposite end portions of the fracture piece are respectively fixed to the first surface of the substrate and a portion including the central portion having the slit has a thickness smaller than a thickness of the opposite end portions over a whole width.

Abstract: A temporary frame system includes four masts arranged outside of a building to be constructed. The frame system includes a climbing mechanism mounted on each mast for upward and downward movement thereon, a canopy frame fixed at four corners by respective climbing mechanisms and horizontally covering the entire upper surface of the building, a plurality of overhead traveling cranes arranged on the lower surface of the canopy frame, and a jib crane movable along a guide rail provided on an upper surface of the canopy frame. The overhead traveling crane includes a main rail positioned on a lower surface of the canopy frame and subsidiary rails arranged on both sides of the main rail in parallel thereto. A transporting girder is movably supported on the main rail and subsidiary girders are movably supported on the subsidiary rails. A plurality of hoists are provided on the overhead traveling crane. The transporting girder is a dual type which has two, first and second girders.

Abstract: A bobbin-type winder for winding a synthetic yarn at a constant speed is disclosed. The winder includes a bobbin shaft having a bobbin mounted thereon and a bobbin shaft driving apparatus, operably connected to a first inverter, for rotating the bobbin shaft. The winder further includes a traverse device for traversing the yarn supplied to the bobbin, and a contacting roll arranged such that it is movable into contact with the circumferential face of a yarn package wound on the bobbin. The contacting roll is driven via a second inverter and a rotational speed detector is provided for detecting the rotational speed of the contacting roll. A controller is electrically connected with the bobbin shaft driving apparatus and the rotational speed detector for controlling the rotational speed of the bobbin shaft in accordance with the detector rotational speed of the contacting roll.

Abstract: Novel antibiotics TAN-1057 represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein, the absolute configuration at (A) is R or S; R.sub.1 is hydrogen and both R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 taken together form a chemical bond, or R.sub.3 is hydrogen and both R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 taken together form a chemical bond; were produced by microorganisms belonging to the genus Flexibacter. TAN-1057 strongly inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms and malignant tumors, thus being useful as therapeutic agents of infectious diseases or antitumor agents.

Abstract: A compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.4 are independently amino or an organic residue bonded through nitrogen, R.sup.2 is hydrogen or alkyl which may be substituted, R.sup.3 is hydrogen or a protecting group and R5 is hydroxyl which may be substituted or amino which may be substituted or salts thereof; with the proviso that when R.sup.1 is amino, leucylamino, acetylamino or benzyloxycarbonylamino, R.sup.3 is hydrogen, methyl or 2-tettrahydropyranyl, R.sup.4 is amino, acetylamino or benzyloxycarbonylamino and R.sup.5 is hydroxyl which may be substituted or amino which may be substituted, R.sup.2 is alkyl which may be substituted, has antibacterial activities against drug-resistant bacteria and therefore can be useful as a chemotherapeutic drug for bacterial infections in mammals.