Abstract: Noble crystal of 4-dimethylamino-4-stilbazolium tosylate (DAST) useful as an electro-optical element. A DAST crystal having a size effective for use as an electro-optical element is provided by a twin crystal of DAST. The twin crystal of DAST can be obtained according to a seed crystallization method or a slope crystal growing method.

Abstract: Noble crystal of 4-dimethylamino-4-stilbazolium tosylate (DAST) useful as an electro-optical element. A DAST crystal having a size effective for use as an electro-optical element is provided by a twin crystal of DAST. The twin crystal of DAST can be obtained according to a seed crystallization method or a slope crystal growing method.

Abstract: An ink-jet recording apparatus having an ink-jet recording head including pressure generating chambers communicatively connected to a nozzle opening and a reservoir, pressure generating member for pressurizing the pressure generating chambers, and a control device for applying drive signals to the pressure generating member. The control device applies drive signals to the pressure generating member. The drive signals contain signals corresponding to print data and signals which minutely vibrate the meniscus of ink in the nozzle openings to such an extent as to not eject ink droplets during a nonprint period. The control device causes ejection of ink droplets from the nozzle openings in accordance with print data during printing operations, and minutely vibrates the meniscuses of ink formed at the nozzle openings a preset period of time before or after the discharging of the ink droplets in a printing operation.

Abstract: An ink-jet recording apparatus having an ink-jet recording head including pressure generating chambers communicatively connected to a nozzle opening and a reservoir, pressure generating means for pressurizing the pressure generating chambers, and control means for applying drive signals corresponding to print data to the recording head and for minutely vibrating meniscuses of ink in the nozzle openings to such an extent as to not eject ink droplets during a nonprint period. The control means ejects ink droplets from the nozzle openings in accordance with print data during printing operations, and minutely vibrates meniscuses of ink formed at the nozzle openings a preset period of time before or after the discharging of the ink droplets in a printing operation.

Abstract: In an ink jet type recording head, a flow passage forming substrate includes pressure generating chambers which are communicated with nozzle openings respectively, a common ink chamber for supplying ink to the pressure generating chambers; and ink supply inlets through which the pressure generating chambers are communicated with the common ink chamber. Each of the ink supply inlets is so designed that it has a narrow part, and it is gradually larger from the narrow part towards the pressure generating chamber, whereby the ink supply inlet is increased in length without changing the flow resistance, and the bonding area near the ink supply inlet is increased.