Abstract: An industrial robot comprises an arm which includes a proximal portion rotatably supported on a horizontal rotation shaft of a frame in a cantilever state, a cylindrical case portion formed from the proximal portion side to a distal end of the arm to have an opening portion on the proximal portion side, and an arm distal end portion. The industrial robot also comprises a balancer device which includes a rod, and a cylinder 3a in which the rod is reciprocated. An engagement portion at a distal end of the rod, and a rear end of the cylinder are rotatably supported between a pair of first support portions of the frame, and between a pair of second support portions inside the cylindrical case portion, respectively, so that the cylindrical case portion and the balancer device do not interfere with each other in an extent of rotation of the arm.

Abstract: The &bgr;-keto ester compound, &bgr;-hydroxy acid compound and acetonide form of a 1,3-diol derivative of the formulas (I), (V) and (VIII) wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification, are useful as a synthetic intermediate for an epothilone derivative being developed as a pharmaceutical agent having an antitumor activity.

Abstract: The &bgr;-keto ester compound, &bgr;-hydroxy acid compound and acetonide form of a 1,3-diol derivative of the formulas (I), (V) and (VIII) 1

Abstract: A vertical non-parallel link type robot having a robot arm construction with which it is possible to increase a movement range easily and cheaply without making the moving arm longer, and to make the driving motor for an upper arm lighter. The robot has a base, a revolving table mounted on the base and rotatable with respect to the base about a vertical axis thereof, a vertical lower arm mounted on the revolving table and pivotable with respect to a first horizontal axis thereof, and a mounting structure whose upper portion is pivotably supported on one side of the tip or upper end of the lower arm with respect to a second horizontal axis thereof and whose lower portion depends from and extends at a right angle to the upper portion.