Abstract: According to one embodiment, a streaking correction unit corrects a pixel signal read from an effective pixel portion to reduce streaking in the effective pixel portion on the basis of an evaluation result of a pixel signal read from a vertical light shielded pixel portion and a pixel signal read from a horizontal light shielded pixel portion.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a streaking correction unit corrects a pixel signal read from an effective pixel portion to reduce streaking in the effective pixel portion on the basis of an evaluation result of a pixel signal read from a vertical light shielded pixel portion and a pixel signal read from a horizontal light shielded pixel portion.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a solid-state imaging device includes an output level determining unit, a random number data generating unit, and an output selecting unit. The output level determining unit performs a level determination of a digital output signal by comparing a level of the digital output signal with a threshold value. The random number data generating unit generates random number data by random number processing on the level of the digital output signal. The output selecting unit selects any of: the digital output signal subjected to an addition of the random number data, and the digital output signal not subjected to the addition of the random number data corresponding to a result of the level determination.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a solid-state imaging device includes an output level determining unit, a random number data generating unit, and an output selecting unit. The output level determining unit performs a level determination of a digital output signal by comparing a level of the digital output signal with a threshold value. The random number data generating unit generates random number data by random number processing on the level of the digital output signal. The output selecting unit selects any of: the digital output signal subjected to an addition of the random number data, and the digital output signal not subjected to the addition of the random number data corresponding to a result of the level determination.

Abstract: A defect signal generating circuit comprises a low pass filter circuit which receives an input signal whose signal level is changed from a reference level to a higher level or a lower level corresponding to a dark defect or a bright defect of a optical disk, and outputs a low pass filter signal having a time constant longer than the input signal; an operation circuit which operates a difference between a level of the input signal and a level of the low pass filter signal, and outputs a first operation value; a defect determination circuit which determines whether a defect is the dark defect or the bright defect on the basis of the sign of the first operation value; a defect detection determination circuit which compares the absolute value of the first operation value with the absolute value of a first reference value, and determines that a defect is detected when the absolute value of the first operation value is larger than the absolute value of the first reference value; and an output circuit which outputs

Abstract: Membrane proteins and water-soluble proteins share a similar core. This similarity suggests that it should be possible to water-solubilize membrane proteins by mutating only their lipid-exposed residues. Computational tools and methods are disclosed herein that can be used to design water-soluble variants of helical membrane proteins, using the pentameric phospholamban (PLB) and potassium channel KcsA as models. To water-solublize PLB, the membrane-exposed positions were changed to polar or charged amino acids, while the putative core was left unaltered. We generated water-soluble phospholamban (WSPLB), and compared its properties to its predecessor PLB. As a probe of the correctness of the fold of the water soluble KcsA, the computationally designed proteins contain an agitoxin-2 binding site from a mammalian homologue of the channel. The resulting proteins express in high yield in E.