Abstract: The present invention provides an adamantane derivative (I) having a structure represented by the general formula (I); an adamantane derivative (II) having a structure represented by the general formula (II); and a process for producing those adamantane derivatives. An alcohol form of an adamantane compound is reacted with a sulfonyl compound to obtain the adamantane derivative (II), which is then reacted with an alcohol to obtain the adamantane derivative (I). The adamantane derivative (I) and adamantane derivative (II) each having the structure represented by the general formula (I) and general formula (II), respectively, is a novel adamantyl (meth)acrylate compound and useful as a monomer for functional resins such as a photosensitive resin in the field of photolithography.

Abstract: The present invention provides an adamantane derivative (I) having a structure represented by the general formula (I); an adamantane derivative (II) having a structure represented by the general formula (II); and a process for producing those adamantane derivatives. An alcohol form of an adamantane compound is reacted with a sulfonyl compound to obtain the adamantane derivative (II), which is then reacted with an alcohol to obtain the adamantane derivative (I). The adamantane derivative (I) and adamantane derivative (II) each having the structure represented by the general formula (I) and general formula (II), respectively, is a novel adamantyl(meth)acrylate compound and useful as a monomer for functional resins such as a photosensitive resin in the field of photolithography.

Abstract: Provided is an adamantane derivative represented by Formula (I) or (II): wherein X represents a halogen atom; Y represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogen atom or a hetero atom-containing group; R1 to R4 represent independently hydrogen, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; m represents an integer of 0 to 15, and n represents an integer of 0 to 10; and excluded is a case where in Formula (I), m and n are 0 at the same time and R3 and R4 are a hydrogen atom at the same time. Capable of being provided is a novel adamantane derivative which is useful as a modifying agent for a resin for a photoresist and a dry etching resistance-improving agent in the photolithography field, agricultural and medical intermediates and other various industrial products.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds which are excellent in terms of heat resistance, mechanical characteristics, electric characteristics, physical properties, etc. and which provide a novel material useful for, for example, interlayer insulating film or protective film for use in semiconductor devices, interlayer insulating film for use in multilayer wiring boards, cover coating in flexible printed circuits, or a liquid crystal alignment layer. The compounds are bis(3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl)adamantane derivatives having a structure represented by formula (I) or (II): (each of R1 to R4 represents a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group, an alkoxyl group, a carboxyl group, or an alkoxycarbonyl group, each of m and a is an integer of 0 to 3, and each of n and b is an integer of 0 to 14, with the proviso that the case where the following three conditions in formula (I) are met is excluded: R2 is methyl and present at a bridgehead; m is 0; and n is 2).

Abstract: Provided by the present invention are an adamantyl vinyl ether compound which is useful as a monomer for functional resins in the photolithography field or a raw material therefor and medical and agricultural intermediates and a production process for the same. The present invention relates to a production process for an adamantyl vinyl ether compound, characterized by subjecting an adamantyl vinyl ether compound having a specific structure and alcohol having an eliminating group in a ? position to chloroalkyl-etherification, then subjecting it to etherification to form an adamantyl group-containing ether and then subjecting it to vinyl-etherification.

Abstract: The present invention provides an adamantane derivative (I) having a structure represented by the general formula (I); an adamantane derivative (II) having a structure represented by the general formula (II); and a process for producing those adamantane derivatives. An alcohol form of an adamantane compound is reacted with a sulfonyl compound to obtain the adamantane derivative (II), which is then reacted with an alcohol to obtain the adamantane derivative (I). The adamantane derivative (I) and adamantane derivative (II) each having the structure represented by the general formula (I) and general formula (II), respectively, is a novel adamantyl(meth)acrylate compound and useful as a monomer for functional resins such as a photosensitive resin in the field of photolithography.

Abstract: A perfluoroadamantyl acrylate compound which is highly useful as a raw material for functional resins,etc.;and an intermediate therefore. The perfluoroadamantyl acrylate compound comprises perfluoroadamantane having a CH2?C(R)COO group(wherein R is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a trifluoromethyl group) at the 1-position, at each of the 1- and 3-positions, at each of the 1-, 3- and 5-positions, at each of the 1-, 3-, 5- and 7-positions, or at the 2-position.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds which are excellent in terms of heat resistance, mechanical characteristics, electric characteristics, physical properties, etc. and which provide a novel material useful for, for example, interlayer insulating film or protective film for use in semiconductor devices, interlayer insulating film for use in multilayer wiring boards, cover coating in flexible printed circuits, or a liquid crystal alignment layer. The compounds are bis(3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl)adamantane derivatives having a structure represented by formula (I) or (II): (each of R1 to R4 represents a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group, an alkoxyl group, a carboxyl group, or an alkoxycarbonyl group, each of m and a is an integer of 0 to 3, and each of n and b is an integer of 0 to 14, with the proviso that the case where the following three conditions in formula (I) are met is excluded: R2 is methyl and present at a bridgehead; m is 0; and n is 2).

Abstract: Provided is an adamantane derivative represented by Formula (I) or (II): wherein X represents a halogen atom; Y represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogen atom or a hetero atom-containing group; R1 to R4 represent independently hydrogen, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; m represents an integer of 0 to 15, and n represents an integer of 0 to 10; and excluded is a case where in Formula (I), m and n are 0 at the same time and R3 and R4 are a hydrogen atom at the same time. Capable of being provided is a novel adamantane derivative which is useful as a modifying agent for a resin for a photoresist and a dry etching resistance-improving agent in the photolithography field, agricultural and medical intermediates and other various industrial products.

Abstract: A perfluoroadamantyl acrylate compound which is highly useful as a raw material for functional resins,etc.;and an intermediate therefore. The perfluoroadamantyl acrylate compound comprises perfluoroadamantane having a CH2?C(R)COO group(wherein R is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a trifluoromethyl group) at the 1-position, at each of the 1- and 3-positions, at each of the 1-,3- and 5-positions, at each of the 1-,3-,5- and 7-positions, or at the 2-position.

Abstract: Provided by the present invention are an adamantyl vinyl ether compound which is useful as a monomer for functional resins in the photolithography field or a raw material therefor and medical and agricultural intermediates and a production process for the same. The present invention relates to a production process for an adamantyl vinyl ether compound, characterized by subjecting an adamantyl vinyl ether compound having a specific structure and alcohol having an eliminating group in a ? position to chloroalkyl-etherification, then subjecting it to etherification to form an adamantyl group-containing ether and then subjecting it to vinyl-etherification.

Abstract: An air intake structure of an engine has a first intake air passage and a second intake air passage provided independently and having downstream end portions branched into a plurality of intake ducts connected to a plurality of cylinders of the engine. The neighborhood of the downstream end portion of the first intake air passage and the neighborhood of the down stream end portion of the second intake air passage can be brought into communication by a first communication element. The first intake air passage and the second intake air passage are rendered communicable by a second communication element upstream from the first communication element in the flowing direction of intake air. The first communication element and the second communication element are controlled in accordance with the operating state of the engine.

Abstract: An air intake structure of an engine has a first intake air passage and a second intake air passage provided independently and having downstream end portions branched into a plurality of intake ducts connected to a plurality of cylinders of the engine. The neighborhood of the downstream end portion of the first intake air passage and the neighborhood of the downstream end portion of the second intake air passage can be brought into communication by a first communication element. The first intake air passage and the second intake air passage are rendered communicable by a second communication element upstream from the first communication element in the flowing direction of intake air. The first communication element and the second communication element are controlled in accordance with the operating state of the engine.

Abstract: In a method of efficiently removing mercury from a liquid hydrocarbon, the liquid hydrocarbon is contacted with water contacted in advance with a crude oil and a sludge contacted in advance with a crude oil. Alternatively, the liquid hydrocarbon is contacted with a substance having ability of ionizing elemental mercury and a sulfur compound having the formula: MM′S, wherein M and M′ are identical or different and are each hydrogen, alkali metal or ammonium group. When the liquid hydrocarbon to be treated contains no dissolved oxygen or contains dissolved oxygen in an amount in equilibrium with a gas containing 8% by volume of oxygen, the increase in the mercury concentration of a liquid hydrocarbon after the removing treatment is effectively prevented.