Abstract: A ranging device includes: a processing unit configured to operate in a first mode for outputting a signal based on incident light to a first number of photoelectric conversion elements among photoelectric conversion elements and configured to operate in a second mode for outputting a signal based on incident light to a second number of photoelectric conversion elements among the photoelectric conversion elements, the second number being different from the first number; and a time conversion unit configured to generate a signal indicating a time at which light is incident on a light receiving unit based on a time count value input from a time counting unit and a signal generated in the light receiving unit. Switching from the first mode to the second mode is performed in a period from the start of light emission to the next start of light emission of a light emitting device.

Abstract: A digitally controlled frequency synthesizer less influenced by disturbance noise is provided without using a ?? modulator. The frequency synthesizer, whose oscillation frequency is digitally controlled, includes a loop gain control section configured to generate digital control data for controlling a loop gain of the frequency synthesizer; a DA conversion section configured to convert lower bits of the digital control data to an analog voltage; and an oscillation section configured to oscillate at a frequency corresponding to higher bits of the digital control data and the analog voltage output from the DA conversion section.

Abstract: A wireless transmission system performs multi-station simultaneous transmission of data. The wireless transmission system includes wireless stations for transmitting and receiving data. Transmitter-side wireless stations, a multipath channel, and receiver-side wireless stations constitute a system for path diversity. At least one wireless station among the wireless stations determines, depending on a response packet with respective to a multi-station simultaneous transmission request packet transmitted by itself or other stations, delay amounts from a reference timing during multi-station simultaneous transmission in the wireless transmission system, and symbol waveforms that are a basis for a modulated waveform. A difference between each delay amount is set to be larger than or equal to a predetermined delay resolution for each symbol waveform, and a difference between maximum and minimum values of the delay amounts is set to be smaller than or equal to a predetermined maximum delay.

Abstract: A PLL frequency synthesizer provides improved phase noise characteristics. In an ADPLL frequency synthesizer, a frequency characteristic adjusting unit compares a predetermined threshold to the difference between the fractional portion of a DCO control signal and the closest integer value, and generates an adjustment signal. A supplementary varactor shifts the oscillating frequency characteristics based on the adjustment signal. By setting the predetermined threshold to a value defining the range in which the possibility of incrementing or decrementing is high, the oscillating frequency characteristics are shifted in cases when the target value of the fractional portion of the DCO control signal is in the range in which the possibility of incrementing or decrementing is high. By shifting the oscillating frequency characteristics, the target value of the fractional portion of the DCO control signal are shifted to a range in which the possibility of incrementing or decrementing is low.

Abstract: A wireless transmission system capable of exerting a maximum path diversity effect by using combinations formed by symbol waveforms. A transmission timing controlling section (23) determines a transmission start timing. A modulating section (21) modulates a signal by using one of a plurality of symbol waveform candidates and by utilizing a modulation scheme in which a phase transition of a symbol waveform represents a waveform being changed, and then transmits the modulated signal at a transmission start timing. A predetermined delay amount is set such that (i) the number of reception timings, each indicating a timing at which a receiving station (12) receives a signal, is a plural number and is less than or equal to a maximum number of effective branches for each symbol waveform, and (ii) each time difference between the reception timings is greater than or equal to a delay resolution and less than or equal to a maximum delay.

Abstract: A frequency synthesizer includes a control circuit configured to generate a digital control signal; and a digitally controlled oscillator of which oscillation frequency changes according to the generated digital control signal. The control circuit includes an operational circuit configured to divide an integer portion of a numerical value representing a phase difference between a reference signal and an oscillation frequency signal of the digitally controlled oscillator into high-order bits and low-order bits including a redundant bit as an MSB, and two encoders configured to encode the high-order bits and the low-order bits to generate control signals. The digitally controlled oscillator includes two capacitive element groups having capacitance values controlled by the control signals. The oscillation frequency of the digitally controlled oscillator changes according to a total capacitance value of the two capacitive element groups.

Abstract: Disclosed is a PLL frequency synthesizer the phase noise characteristics of which are improved. To achieve this, in an ADPLL frequency synthesizer (100), a frequency characteristic adjusting unit (180) compares a predetermined threshold to the difference between the fractional portion of a DCO control signal and the closest integer value, and generates an adjustment signal based on the comparison result, and a supplementary varactor (115) shifts the oscillating frequency characteristics based on the adjustment signal received from the frequency characteristic adjusting unit (180). By setting the predetermined threshold to a value defining the range in which the possibility of incrementing or decrementing is high, the oscillating frequency characteristics can be shifted in cases when the target value of the fractional portion of the DCO control signal is in the range in which the possibility of incrementing or decrementing is high.

Abstract: In a digital PLL frequency synthesizer, after lock detection, first oscillating signal phase information is switched to second oscillating signal phase information by an estimation section based on previous oscillating signal phase information and a phase difference. As a result, the first oscillating signal phase information which has a risk of an error in the normal state (locked state) is not used. In addition, a conventional high-speed latch circuit for reclocking is not required. As a result, power consumption can be reduced, compared to the conventional art, while reducing or avoiding a degradation in phase-noise characteristics.

Abstract: A PLL frequency synthesizer includes: a phase comparator configured to detect a phase difference between a reference clock signal and an output signal of the PLL frequency synthesizer; a loop filter configured to output a control value composed of a total of an integer value and a decimal value; a first controller configured to output a first control signal corresponding to the integer value in synchronization with a first clock; a second controller configured to output a second control signal representing the decimal value as a mean value in synchronization with a second clock, and when the PLL frequency synthesizer is in a locked state, to limit a range of values which the second control signal can have to a range in the locked state; and a digital controlled oscillator configured to oscillate at a frequency based on a combination of frequency control by the first and second control signals.

Abstract: A wireless station is used as one of a plurality of relay stations forming transmission paths, respectively, different from each other, in a wireless transmission system for transmitting a packet from a transmitting station to a receiving station through the plurality of relay stations. The wireless station includes a reception section for receiving a packet transmitted from the transmitting station, and receiving a packet which is transmitted, based on the packet transmitted from the transmitting station, from another relay station, and is transmitted before the one of the plurality of relay stations performs transmission, by using a transmission parameter for obtaining a path diversity effect in the wireless transmission system.

Abstract: A wireless transmission system capable of performing multi-station simultaneous transmission of data by wireless is provided. The wireless transmission system includes a plurality of wireless stations for transmitting and receiving data. Transmitter-side wireless stations, a multipath channel, and receiver-side wireless stations constitute a system for path diversity. At least one wireless station among the wireless stations determines, depending on a response packet with respective to a multi-station simultaneous transmission request packet transmitted by itself or other stations, a plurality of delay amounts from a reference timing during multi-station simultaneous transmission in the wireless transmission system, and a plurality of symbol waveforms that are a basis for a modulated waveform.

Abstract: In a wireless communication system using the contention method, collisions between transmission signals sent from terminals to a base station are avoided, and a communication area is flexibly formed while suppressing unnecessary radiation of the communication area.

Abstract: A inter-station transmission method of extending time allocated for a transmission path delay of an inter-station transmission path within a predetermined turnaround time, and increasing an inter-station transmission distance. A radio base station reproduces a clock synchronized with a BSU transmission clock DCLK used when transmitting downlink transmission data from a communication control station. The radio base station processes the downlink transmission data. The clock synchronization eliminates a necessity of data format conversion between the communication control station and the radio base station, a buffer accumulating transmission data in preparation for the conversion is not necessary. This reduces a turnaround time of a mobile communication system.

Abstract: A wireless transmission system exerts a maximum path diversity effect even if the maximum number of effective branches is limited to a small number. A transmission timing control section determines a transmission start timing to be a timing obtained by delaying a reference timing by a predetermined delay amount. A modulation section modulates a signal by a modulation scheme such that an anti-multipath property is exerted when the signal is demodulated on a receiver side, and transmits the modulated signal at the transmission start timing. In a receiving station, a demodulation section demodulates the receive signal to obtain receive data.

Abstract: A wireless transmission system capable of performing a multi-station simultaneous transmission of data, that is, simultaneously transmitting data by wireless to a plurality of stations. The wireless transmission system includes a plurality of wireless stations for transmitting/receiving data and it constitutes a system for path diversity by use of a wireless station at the transmitting end, a multipath transmission path, and a wireless station at the receiving end. At least one of the plurality of wireless stations decides, in accordance with a response packet responsive to a multi-station simultaneous transmission request packet transmitted by the wireless station or other stations, a plurality of delay amounts relative to a reference timing during the multi-station simultaneous transmission in the wireless transmission system.

Abstract: A wireless station capable of increasing the probability that a path diversity effect can be obtained in a case where a plurality of wireless stations transmit packets using a modulation/demodulation scheme with an anti-multipath property. A delay amount determining section (48) randomly selects a delay amount from among a plurality of candidate values. A transmission timing control section (47) determines a transmission start timing, at which to start the packet transmission, to be a timing obtained by delaying a reference timing by the delay amount selected by the delay amount determining section. At the transmission start timing, a modulation section (49) transmits the packet via an RF section (42) and an antenna (41). The difference between the candidate values is greater than or equal to a predetermined delay resolution, and the difference between a maximum candidate value and a minimum candidate value is less than or equal to a predetermined maximum delay.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wireless transmission system capable of exerting a maximum path diversity effect by using combinations formed by a plurality of symbol waveforms even when a maximum number of effective branches is limited to a small number. A transmission timing controlling section (23) determines a timing delayed from a reference timing by a predetermined delay amount as a transmission start timing. A modulating section (21) modulates a signal, by using one symbol waveform among a plurality of symbol waveform candidates, utilizing a modulation scheme in which a phase transition of a symbol waveform, which exerts an anti-multipath property by demodulating the signal on the receiving side, represents a waveform being changed, and then transmits the modulated signal at a transmission start timing.

Abstract: A wireless station according to the present invention is a wireless station used as one of a plurality of relay stations forming transmission paths, respectively, different from each other, in a wireless transmission system for transmitting a packet from a transmitting station to a receiving station through the plurality of relay stations, and the wireless station comprises: a reception section for receiving a packet transmitted from the transmitting station, and receiving a packet which is transmitted, based on the packet transmitted from the transmitting station, from a relay station other than the one of the plurality of relay stations, and is transmitted before the one of the plurality of relay stations performs transmission, by using a transmission parameter for obtaining a path diversity effect in the wireless transmission system; a transmission parameter estimation section for estimating the transmission parameter used by the relay station other than the one of the plurality of relay stations, based on

Abstract: In a wireless communication system using the contention method, collisions between transmission signals sent from terminals to a base station are avoided, and a communication area is flexibly formed while suppressing unnecessary radiation of the communication area.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wireless station capable of increasing the probability that a path diversity effect can be obtained in a case where a plurality of wireless stations transmit packets using a modulation/demodulation scheme with an anti-multipath property. A delay amount determining section (48) randomly selects a delay amount from among a plurality of candidate values. A transmission timing control section (47) determines a transmission start timing, at which to start the packet transmission, to be a timing obtained by delaying a reference timing by the delay amount selected by the delay amount determining section. At the transmission start timing, a modulation section (49) transmits the packet via an RF section (42) and an antenna (41). The difference between the candidate values is greater than or equal to a predetermined delay resolution, and the difference between a maximum candidate value and a minimum candidate value is less than or equal to a predetermined maximum delay.