Abstract: An object of the present disclosure is to provide a secondary battery having excellent cyclability by using a sulfur-based active material as a negative-electrode active material while preventing a reaction between an eluted polysulfide and a positive electrode. The metal-ion secondary battery comprises a negative electrode comprising a sulfur-containing compound as a negative-electrode active material, a positive electrode and an electrolyte, and has a polymer gel layer on a surface of the positive electrode.

Abstract: A porous carrier including a cellulose substrate and a functional layer is provided. The functional layer is located on at least one surface of the cellulose substrate, wherein the functional layer includes an organic polymer elastic filler and a polymer binder. An electrochemical device separator including the porous carrier is also provided.

Abstract: An object of the present disclosure is to provide a secondary battery having excellent cyclability by using a sulfur-based active material as a negative-electrode active material while preventing a reaction between an eluted polysulfide and a positive electrode. The metal-ion secondary battery comprises a negative electrode comprising a sulfur-containing compound as a negative-electrode active material, a positive electrode and an electrolyte, and has a polymer gel layer on a surface of the positive electrode.

Abstract: An object of the present disclosure is to provide a secondary battery having excellent cyclability by using a sulfur-based active material as a negative-electrode active material while preventing a reaction between an elated polysulfide and a positive electrode. The metal-ion secondary battery comprises a negative electrode comprising a sulfur-containing compound as a negative-electrode active material, a positive electrode and an electrolyte, and has a polymer gel layer on a surface of the positive electrode.

Abstract: A cathode material for Li ion secondary batteries has high output and high energy density with excellent electron conductivity and Li ion conductivity. The cathode material contains an electrode active material base containing Li, which is capable of electrode oxidation/reduction accompanied by desorption and absorption of Li ions in a potential range of 4 V or more and 5 V or less based on a metal Li negative electrode and has a reversible charge/discharge capacity accompanying the electrode oxidation/reduction in the potential range described above of 30 mAh or more per 1 g. Surfaces of primary particles of an electrode active material base are coated with a layer containing a conductive polymer and a negative ion that enables the conductive polymer to produce electron conductivity equal to or higher than the electron conductivity of the electrode active material itself.

Abstract: There is disclosed a conductive resin composition, comprising: (a) a resin component, and (b) a fine carbon fiber dispersed in the resin component, wherein a graphite-net plane consisting solely of carbon atoms forms a temple-bell-shaped structural unit comprising closed head-top part and body-part with open lower-end, 2 to 30 of the temple-bell-shaped structural units are stacked sharing a common central axis to form an aggregate, and the aggregates are connected in head-to-tail style with a distance to form the fiber. The resin composition has high conductivity while maintaining the original physical properties of the resin.

Abstract: There is disclosed an electrode for a lithium-ion battery containing (a) a fine fibrous carbon having a diameter of less than 100 nm and (b) a fibrous carbon having a diameter of 100 nm or more and/or (c) a non-fibrous conductive carbon as an electrical conducting material. This electrode for a lithium-ion battery has a small electrode surface resistance, an improved discharge capacity and excellent cycle properties.

Abstract: There is disclosed a conductive resin composition, comprising: (a) a resin component, and (b) a fine carbon fiber dispersed in the resin component, wherein a graphite-net plane consisting solely of carbon atoms forms a temple-bell-shaped structural unit comprising closed head-top part and body-part with open lower-end, 2 to 30 of the temple-bell-shaped structural units are stacked sharing a common central axis to form an aggregate, and the aggregates are connected in head-to-tail style with a distance to form the fiber. The resin composition has high conductivity while maintaining the original physical properties of the resin.

Abstract: There is provided an electric storage device comprising carbonaceous active material-containing positive and negative electrodes, an onium salt-containing nonaqueous electrolyte, and a separator, wherein an electrochemical charge process in the positive electrode shows a sequential charge process having a threshold of a transition voltage and consisting of an adsorption process of anions of the onium salt in a lower voltage range than the transition voltage and an intercalation process of anions of the onium salt in a higher voltage range than the transition voltage. The electric storage device is advantageous in that the electric storage capacity and energy capacity which can be substantially utilizable are large and, at the same time, a charge/discharge cycle is highly reliable.

Abstract: There is disclosed an electric double layer capacitor, wherein an active material for the positive electrode is a graphite or a graphitic material, and an active material for the negative electrode is a graphite or graphitic material different from the active material for the positive electrode, and wherein the capacitor is capable of charging/discharging at a voltage of 2.5 V or higher. The capacitor provides an electric storage system with a high voltage operation, a high capacity and a high energy while retaining the feature of high-speed charge/discharge.

Abstract: Smoke and nitrogen oxide in exhaust gases of diesel engines are reduced by burning a diesel fuel composition having a major portion of diesel fuel and 0.1 to 40 vol. % of a carbonic acid diester of the formula: in which R represents a lower hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, in a diesel engine by injecting the diesel fuel composition into a crank case at an injection timing of 17 to 2° CA, preferably, 14 to 8° CA, in terms of BTDC. EGR (exhaust gas recirculation system) is advantageously employable.

Abstract: An ion-conductor for a lithium secondary battery comprising at least an electrolyte and an additive;wherein the additive contains at least one kind of imido compound selected from the group consisting of compounds of the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein Z is an optionally substituted alkylene group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms represented by the formula --(CH.sub.2).sub.n -- (n is an integer from 2 to 7), an optionally substituted 1,2-cyclohexylene group or an optionally substituted 1,2-phenylene group; and X is a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group, or an optionally substituted aralkylcarbonyl group.

Abstract: An electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery comprising an organic solvent containing an aromatic carbonate and a lithium salt dissolved in the organic solvent.