Abstract: An apparatus for producing a mass of water vapor includes a water film maker and a device which prevents the water film maker from drifting. The water film maker floats on a surface of a water source and absorbs water of the water source by virtue of a capillary mechanism or a moisture-holding ability to make a thin water film on a surface of the water film maker. The thin water film is exposed to sunlight. The water film maker comprises a first hollow body capable of being filled with air, and a sheet having said capillary mechanism or having said moisture-holding ability, said sheet covering said first hollow body. Water in the thin water film is vaporized by sunlight energy to thereby produce a mass of water vapor in the sky.

Abstract: Provided is a flight device which can utilize headwind and following wind, respond flexibly to changes of wind directions and travel stably. The flight device includes a main body with an air sac. It also includes a forward air resistance changing unit and a backward air resistance changing unit that lies anterior and posterior to the main body in traveling direction, respectively. They are controlled by a controller to change air resistance. As a result, the flight device can travel stably despite wind direction. The flight device further includes a wing tilted vertically which provides driving force without gasoline engine. The driving force is gained from vertical wind caused by changing altitude using air sac. Further, the flight device can select the route toward the destination based on the prediction of changes of winds by prediction device.

Abstract: Provided is a large scale light shielding device and a light shielding method for controlling weather. A light shielding device 1 includes a shielding member 11 that shields a part or all of spectrums of sunlight, a buoyant force imparting unit 13 having buoyant members 41, and a drive mechanism 15. The shielding member 11 includes, in order to shield the part or all of the spectrums of the sunlight, a light shielding unit 35 and a light transmitting unit 37. The drive mechanism 15 includes a driving unit 21 that settles or changes a position of the light shielding device 1, and a controlling unit 25 for the driving unit 21. Buoyant force is produced by the buoyant members 41, and imparted to the light shielding device 1 in a direction opposite of gravity due to an own weight of the main body.

Abstract: The apparatus for producing a mass of vapor water includes a water film maker floating on a surface of a water source, the water film maker 1 absorbing water of the water source by virtue of capillary mechanism or moisture-holding ability to make a thin water film on the surface, the thin water film being to be exposed to sunlight, and a device for preventing a plurality of the water film makers arranged on the surface, from drifting. Moisture absorbed in the thin water film is vaporized by sunlight energy to thereby produce a mass of water vapor in the sky. The mass of water vapor is heated by an apparatus for heating atmospheric air, including a plurality of heaters each having a colored surface, to thereby cause the mass of water vapor to climb with the result of artificial stimulation of rain.

Abstract: A method for monitoring an error performance of each call in a digital exchange circuit has a plurality of subscriber terminals. The overall transmission system includes a plurality of circuits forming transit paths connecting the exchange circuit with each of the subscriber terminals. The method includes the steps of collecting and storing error check information of each transit path together with collected time of the information, and collecting and storing call information of each call. The call information includes call identification with terminal numbers of an originating subscriber terminal and a terminating terminal, transmission rate, start time and end time of a call, and the circuits through which the call is routed. A circuit accommodation database information is provided, which indicates which of the plurality of circuits form a path for each call.

Abstract: A transcoder which transcodes adaptive differential pulse code modulation (ADPCM) signals to pulse code modulation (PCM) signals without cumulative transcoding noises even if mutual transcoding between ADPCM signals and non-linear PCM signals is repeatedly conducted. Two PCM signals are generated having values of one step higher and one step lower than a third PCM signal having a nominal code value. The three signals are fed to a selector, which sequentially selects one of the three. The output of the selector is then decoded and fed to one input of a subtractor, and a prediction signal is fed to the other input of the subtractor. The output of the subtractor is coded into an ADPCM signal in a step size of the input ADPCM signal. The logical value of that coded ADPCM signal is compared with the logical value of the input ADPCM signal by a comparator. A gate allows the PCM signal output from the selector to pass only when the comparator has an equal output.

Abstract: A receiver device comprises a demodulator for demodulating speech signals received at an input terminal of the device, a delay memory for storing, with a delay, speech signals of prescribed period for a predetermined time, a detector for detecting an abrupt interruption and its period of the received speech signals, a discriminator for discriminating whether the speech signals stored in the delay memory are periodic or non-periodic, an interpolator for creating interpolating information during the abrupt interruption from the signals stored in the delay memory under the control of the detector by receiving the outputs from the discriminator and the abrupt interruption detector, and a switch which is adapted, under the normal condition, to receive and transmit signals from the demodulator to the output of the device, while it is adapted, under the condition that the abrupt interruption and the period thereof is detected, to select signals from the interpolator and to transmit the selected interpolating signals