Abstract: A charge/discharge device includes: a first component to be used for power conversion; a second component to be used for power conversion, the second component generating a smaller amount of heat than the first component during operation, the second component having a lower allowable temperature than the first component; a housing to house the first component and the second component; and an internal circulation fan to circulate air inside the housing. The first component is placed below the second component. The internal circulation fan is placed above the first component and blows air to the first component.

Abstract: Provided is a surface light source apparatus that improves homogeneity of surface illumination light, using both light rays passing through a light emitting surface of a light-distribution control element and the reflected light rays. A surface light source apparatus according to the present invention includes: a light source; a holding substrate having a main surface on which the light source is held; a light-distribution control element disposed on the main surface of the holding substrate to cover the light source, the light-distribution control element changing distribution of light emitted from the light source; and a diffuser that diffuses light emitted from the light-distribution control element. The light-distribution control element includes a diffusion part disposed at an installation surface that can abut the main surface of the holding substrate.

Abstract: A surface light source device includes: a plurality of LEDs emitting a light; a substrate having the plurality of LEDs mounted thereon; a light distribution control element arranged on the substrate, and distributing the light emitted from the plurality of LEDs; a reflection sheet reflecting a part of the light distributed by the light distribution control element to a display surface side of the surface light source device; a housing accommodating the plurality of LEDs, the substrate, the light distribution control element, and the reflection sheet; and a retaining member retaining the light distribution control element and the substrate under a state in which the retaining member is in contact with a surface of the light distribution control element that is opposite to a surface of the light distribution control element in contact with the substrate.

Abstract: A surface light source device includes: a plurality of LEDs emitting a light; a substrate having the plurality of LEDs mounted thereon; a light distribution control element arranged on the substrate, and distributing the light emitted from the plurality of LEDs; a reflection sheet reflecting a part of the light distributed by the light distribution control element to a display surface side of the surface light source device; a housing accommodating the plurality of LEDs, the substrate, the light distribution control element, and the reflection sheet; and a retaining member retaining the light distribution control element and the substrate under a state in which the retaining member is in contact with a surface of the light distribution control element that is opposite to a surface of the light distribution control element in contact with the substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a surface light source apparatus that improves homogeneity of surface illumination light, using both light rays passing through a light emitting surface of a light-distribution control element and the reflected light rays. A surface light source apparatus according to the present invention includes: a light source; a holding substrate having a main surface on which the light source is held; a light-distribution control element disposed on the main surface of the holding substrate to cover the light source, the light-distribution control element changing distribution of light emitted from the light source; and a diffuser that diffuses light emitted from the light-distribution control element. The light-distribution control element includes a diffusion part disposed at an installation surface that can abut the main surface of the holding substrate.

Abstract: The present invention includes a liquid crystal panel, a light guide member, at least one laser diode (LD), and a heat sink. The light guide member is arranged on a back surface of the liquid crystal panel. The LD is arranged on at least one side surface of the light guide member. The heat sink is arranged to extend along a back surface of the light guide member and the side surface of the light guide member integrally and at least partially. The heat sink is arranged such that a part of the heat sink corresponding to the side surface of the light guide member houses at least a light-emitting surface of the LD.

Abstract: The object is to provide a technique that allows a semiconductor laser to be efficiently cooled. A semiconductor laser light source device includes: a semiconductor laser; a cooler that cools the semiconductor laser; and a driving substrate that drives the semiconductor laser. The cooler is placed in contact with a surface of the semiconductor laser that is opposite to a light emitting surface of the semiconductor laser. Furthermore, the driving substrate is placed in contact with a surface of the cooler that is opposite to a surface of the cooler on which the semiconductor laser is placed.

Abstract: The object is to provide a technique that allows a semiconductor laser to be efficiently cooled. A semiconductor laser light source device includes: a semiconductor laser; a cooler that cools the semiconductor laser; and a driving substrate that drives the semiconductor laser. The cooler is placed in contact with a surface of the semiconductor laser that is opposite to a light emitting surface of the semiconductor laser. Furthermore, the driving substrate is placed in contact with a surface of the cooler that is opposite to a surface of the cooler on which the semiconductor laser is placed.

Abstract: The present invention includes a liquid crystal panel, a light guide member, at least one laser diode (LD), and a heat sink. The light guide member is arranged on a back surface of the liquid crystal panel. The LD is arranged on at least one side surface of the light guide member. The heat sink is arranged to extend along a back surface of the light guide member and the side surface of the light guide member integrally and at least partially. The heat sink is arranged such that a part of the heat sink corresponding to the side surface of the light guide member houses at least a light-emitting surface of the LD.

Abstract: An illumination device has a board, a plurality of light emitting elements that are mounted on the board, the plurality of light emitting elements being disposed such that a light irradiation direction of each light emitting element becomes substantially perpendicular to the board, and a plurality of lenses. Each of the plurality of lens is paired with one of the plurality of light emitting elements. A relative positional relationship between the light emitting element and the lens in each pair varies according to a position on the board in which the corresponding light emitting element is disposed.

Abstract: An illumination device has a board, a plurality of light emitting elements that are mounted on the board, the plurality of light emitting elements being disposed such that a light irradiation direction of each light emitting element becomes substantially perpendicular to the board, and a plurality of lenses. Each of the plurality of lens is paired with one of the plurality of light emitting elements. A relative positional relationship between the light emitting element and the lens in each pair varies according to a position on the board in which the corresponding light emitting element is disposed.

Abstract: Providing a spectrometric measuring instrument suitable for in-line measurement for example in a semiconductor manufacturing process, an FPD manufacturing process, or the like, by realizing size reduction and imparting resistance to distance fluttering, angle fluttering in a horizontal direction, and angle fluttering in a perpendicular direction. A light interference type spectral element for gradually changing a wavelength of transmitted light by means of a transmitted position is provided immediately before the photoelectric transfer part array device, and based upon a light-receiving side optical system having the function of detecting a change in state of polarization of a reflected light from a sample, and a series of light-receiving amount data obtained from each of photoelectric transfer parts of the photoelectric transfer part array device, polarized light is analyzed. By fitting of a measured waveform to a theoretical waveform, a film thickness or film quality is obtained.

Abstract: Providing a spectrometric measuring instrument suitable for in-line measurement for example in a semiconductor manufacturing process, an FPD manufacturing process, or the like, by realizing size reduction and imparting resistance to distance fluttering, angle fluttering in a horizontal direction, and angle fluttering in a perpendicular direction. A light interference type spectral element for gradually changing a wavelength of transmitted light by means of a transmitted position is provided immediately before the photoelectric transfer part array device, and based upon a light-receiving side optical system having the function of detecting a change in state of polarization of a reflected light from a sample, and a series of light-receiving amount data obtained from each of photoelectric transfer parts of the photoelectric transfer part array device, polarized light is analyzed. By fitting of a measured waveform to a theoretical waveform, a film thickness or film quality is obtained.

Abstract: Light horizontally output from a light source 50 passes through a projection lens 51 and reaches a half mirror 52. The light reflected by the half mirror 52 coaxially reaches the measurement object 43 through a objective lens 53. The light reflected by the objective lens 53 provides an image at a image-taking unit 56 through a telecentric optical system on an object side comprising the objective lens 53 and an aperture stop 54. The light to be input to the image-taking unit 56 passes through a spectral filter provided in a multi-spectral filter 55. Here, the light source 50 and the aperture stop 54 are in an image-forming relation and the object 43 and the image-taking unit 56 are in the image-forming relation.

Abstract: A dental instrument for root canal therapy having a shaft portion and an operational portion extended from such shaft portion, wherein at least a region from the tip of the operational portion down to a predetermined distant position has a sectional form surrounded by an arc and a chord, and a length of a line segment along a vertical bisector of the chord sectioned between such chord and such arc equals to or longer than five-eighths of the diameter of a virtual circle composed by such arc was disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a dental reamer used in dental treatment for forming a root canal, in which the dental reamer prevents digging into a root canal wall and deviation even when attached to a handpiece and driven by an engine. With this reamer, a spiral working portion is formed by grinding and cutting away a tapered rod with two oppositely faced lines, and then, the ground material left with two arcs and a center of a circle is inserted into a molding space comprised of a pair of holding jigs and support jigs to perform the twist-process. In association with the twist-process, a cutting portion and a flank portion are formed on both ends of the working portion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a dental root canal therapeutic instrument comprising: a shaft portion and a work portion made of spiral projections in continuation with the shaft portion. A cross section of the projections of the work portion is formed of a set of long sides and a set of short sides and is composed of a parallelogram constituted of a set of acute angle edges and a set of obtuse angle edges, wherein the acute angle edges among the acute angle edges and the obtuse angle edges, which form the projections, are placed on a side of the shaft on the side face of the work portion, and wherein a tip of the acute angle edge is located at a further position with respect to a center axis of the work portion than a position of a tip of the obtuse angle edge.

Abstract: A dental instrument for root canal therapy having a shaft portion and an operational portion extended from such shaft portion, wherein at least a region from the tip of the operational portion down to a predetermined distant position has a sectional form surrounded by an arc and a chord, and a length of a line segment along a vertical bisector of the chord sectioned between such chord and such arc equals to or longer than five-eighths of the diameter of a virtual circle composed by such arc was disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a dental root canal therapeutic instrument comprising: a shaft portion and a work portion made of spiral projections in continuation with the shaft portion. A cross section of the projections of the work portion is formed of a set of long sides and a set of short sides and is composed of a parallelogram constituted of a set of acute angle edges and a set of obtuse angle edges, wherein the acute angle edges among the acute angle edges and the obtuse angle edges, which form the projections, are placed on a side of the shaft on the side face of the work portion, and wherein a tip of the acute angle edge is located at a further position with respect to a center axis of the work portion than a position of a tip of the obtuse angle edge.

Abstract: Present invention relates to an endodontic instrument comprising a shaft and a work portion connecting to the shaft. The work portion has a plurality of helically extending blades to form a rectangular cross section in which the opposite edges of one set are longer edges and the opposite edges of the other set are shorter edges, the work portion having each apex of a right angle.