Abstract: The present invention provides a novel amide derivative having a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitory activity, and useful as a pharmaceutical agent, which is a compound represented by the formula (I) wherein ring A is an optionally substituted, nitrogen containing heterocycle, ring B is an optionally substituted monocyclic homocycle or an optionally substituted monocyclic heterocycle, Z is N or NR1 (R1 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group), is a single bond or a double bond, R2 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group, X is an optionally substituted spacer having 1 to 6 atoms, ring C is (1) an optionally substituted homocycle or (2) an optionally substituted heterocycle other than a ring represented by (II) (X? is S, O, SO, or CH2), and at least one of ring B and ring C has substituent(s), provided that N-{(1S,2R)-1-(3,5-difluorobenzyl)-3-[(3-ethylbenzyl)amino]2 hydroxypropyl} 5,6 dimethyl 4 oxo 1,4 dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide is excluded,

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel amide derivative having a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitory activity, and useful as a pharmaceutical agent, which is a compound represented by the formula (I) wherein ring A is an optionally substituted, nitrogen-containing heterocycle, ring B is an optionally substituted monocyclic homocycle or an optionally substituted monocyclic heterocycle, Z is N or NR1 (R1 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group), is a single bond or a double bond, R2 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group, X is an optionally substituted spacer having 1 to 6 atoms, ring C is (1) an optionally substituted homocycle or (2) an optionally substituted heterocycle other than a ring represented by (II) (X? is S, O, SO, or CH2), and at least one of ring B and ring C has substituent(s), provided that N-{(1S,2R)-1-(3,5-difluorobenzyl)-3-[(3-ethylbenzyl)amino]-2-hydroxypropyl}-5,6-dimethyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihadrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide is exclude

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel amide derivative having a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitory activity, and useful as a pharmaceutical agent, which is a compound represented by the formula (I) wherein ring A is an optionally substituted, nitrogen containing heterocycle, ring B is an optionally substituted monocyclic homocycle or an optionally substituted monocyclic heterocycle, Z is N or NR1 (R1 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group), is a single bond or a double bond, R2 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group, X is an optionally substituted spacer having 1 to 6 atoms, ring C is (1) an optionally substituted homocycle or (2) an optionally substituted heterocycle other than a ring represented by (II) (X? is S, O, SO, or CH2), and at least one of ring B and ring C has substituent(s), provided that N-{(1S,2R)-1-(3,5-difluorobenzyl)-3-[(3-ethylbenzyl)amino]2 hydroxypropyl}5,6 dimethyl 4 oxo 1,4 dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide is excluded,

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a vehicle includes a target rotational speed calculator, a transmission controller, a fuel supply stop controller, and an inhibition controller. The target rotational speed calculator is configured to calculate a target rotational speed of an internal combustion engine in accordance with a drive condition of the vehicle. The transmission controller is configured to change a transmission gear ratio of an automatic transmission so that a rotational speed of an output shaft of the internal combustion engine approaches the target rotational speed. The output shaft of the internal combustion engine is connected to the automatic transmission via a transfer mechanism. The fuel supply stop controller is configured to stop supplying fuel to the internal combustion engine if a predetermined fuel supply stop condition is satisfied during deceleration of the vehicle.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a vehicle includes a target rotational speed calculator, a transmission controller, a fuel supply stop controller, and an inhibition controller. The target rotational speed calculator is configured to calculate a target rotational speed of an internal combustion engine in accordance with a drive condition of the vehicle. The transmission controller is configured to change a transmission gear ratio of an automatic transmission so that a rotational speed of an output shaft of the internal combustion engine approaches the target rotational speed. The output shaft of the internal combustion engine is connected to the automatic transmission via a transfer mechanism. The fuel supply stop controller is configured to stop supplying fuel to the internal combustion engine if a predetermined fuel supply stop condition is satisfied during deceleration of the vehicle.

Abstract: For the purpose of providing a GSK-3? inhibitor containing a 2-aminopyridine compound or a salt thereof or a prodrug thereof useful as an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of a GSK-3?-related pathology or disease, the present invention provides a GSK-3? inhibitor containing a compound represented by the formula (IA): wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification. or a salt thereof or a prodrug thereof.

Abstract: The retroreflective sheet of the present invention comprises a surface layer (1) including at least one layer, a focusing layer (2) containing glass spheres (3), and a metal reflective layer (4) on the back side of the focusing layer (2), wherein the glass spheres (3) are disposed at random locations in the thickness direction of the focusing layer (2). The external illumination system of the present invention comprises a sign having a sign face including the above-mentioned retroreflective sheet, and an external illumination source, and the distance from the illumination source to the sign face is within a range of at least 1 m and no more than 100 m. The present invention thereby provides a retroreflective sheet and an external illumination system with which wide-angle reflective performance with a wider incidence angle and observation angle can be ensured.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio controlling apparatus includes an internal pressure detector for detecting an internal pressure of a combustion chamber of the engine. The apparatus estimates a motoring pressure of the engine and determines a start-of-combustion time, a time point when a difference between the internal pressure and the motoring pressure exceeds a predetermined value in a compression stroke and a combustion stroke of the engine. Firing delay for each cylinder is calculated from as a duration from sparking to the start-of-combustion time. Air-fuel ratio of each cylinder is estimated based on the firing delay and fuel injection amount for each cylinder is calculated to make the air-fuel ratio of plural cylinders uniform.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel amide derivative having a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitory activity, and useful as a pharmaceutical agent, which is a compound represented by the formula (I) wherein ring A is an optionally substituted, nitrogen-containing heterocycle, ring B is an optionally substituted monocyclic homocycle or an optionally substituted monocyclic heterocycle, Z is N or NR1 (R1 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group), is a single bond or a double bond, R2 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group, X is an optionally substituted spacer having 1 to 6 atoms, ring C is (1) an optionally substituted homocycle or (2) an optionally substituted heterocycle other than a ring represented by (II) (X? is S, O, SO, or CH2), and at least one of ring B and ring C has substituent(s), provided that N-{(1S,2R)-1-(3,5-difluorobenzyl)-3-[(3-ethylbenzyl)amino]-2-hydroxypropyl}-5,6-dimethyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihadrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide is exclude

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio controlling apparatus includes an internal pressure detector for detecting an internal pressure of a combustion chamber of the engine. The apparatus estimates a motoring pressure of the engine and determines a start-of-combustion time, a time point when a difference between the internal pressure and the motoring pressure exceeds a predetermined value in a compression stroke and a combustion stroke of the engine. Firing delay for each cylinder is calculated from as a duration from sparking to the start-of-combustion time. Air-fuel ratio of each cylinder is estimated based on the firing delay and fuel injection amount for each cylinder is calculated to make the air-fuel ratio of plural cylinders uniform.

Abstract: The retroreflective sheet of the present invention comprises a surface layer (1) including at least one layer, a focusing layer (2) containing glass spheres (3), and a metal reflective layer (4) on the back side of the focusing layer (2), wherein the glass spheres (3) are disposed at random locations in the thickness direction of the focusing layer (2). The external illumination system of the present invention comprises a sign having a sign face including the above-mentioned retroreflective sheet, and an external illumination source, and the distance from the illumination source to the sign face is within a range of at least 1 m and no more than 100 m. The present invention thereby provides a retroreflective sheet and an external illumination system with which wide-angle reflective performance with a wider incidence angle and observation angle can be ensured.

Abstract: A failure diagnosis apparatus for diagnosing a failure of an evaporative fuel processing system. A pressure in the evaporative fuel processing system is detected, and a purge control valve and a vent shut valve are closed when stoppage of the engine is detected. A determination is made as to whether there is a leak in the evaporative fuel processing system based on the detected pressure during a predetermined determination period after closing of the purge control and vent shut valves.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining leakage in an evaporated fuel processing system is provided. The evaporated fuel processing system extends from a fuel tank through a canister to a purge passage through which evaporated fuel from the fuel tank is purged to an intake manifold of an engine. The canister comprises a vent-shut valve that communicates with the atmosphere. The apparatus comprises a pressure sensor for detecting a pressure of the evaporated fuel processing system and a control unit connected to the pressure sensor. The control unit detects a stop of the engine. After the stop of the engine is detected, the control unit closes the vent-shut valve to close the evaporated fuel processing system. The control unit determines whether the evaporated fuel processing system has leakage after the evaporated fuel processing system is closed based on the detected pressure and a predetermined determination value.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining leakage in an evaporated fuel processing system is provided. The evaporated fuel processing system extends from a fuel tank to a purge passage through which evaporated fuel from the fuel tank is purged to an intake manifold of an engine. The apparatus comprises a pressure sensor for detecting a pressure of the evaporated fuel processing system, an atmospheric pressure sensor for detecting an atmospheric pressure, and a control unit connected to the pressure sensor and the atmospheric pressure sensor. The control unit detects a stop of the engine. A determination value used for the leakage determination is corrected according to the atmospheric pressure. The evaporated fuel processing system is closed after the stop of the engine is detected. It is determined whether the evaporated fuel processing system has leakage based on the pressure detected by the pressure sensor and the corrected determination value.

Abstract: A control apparatus of a hybrid vehicle is provided, capable of charging the battery device when the state of charge of the battery device tends to decrease and the initial state of charge of the battery device is reduced by a predetermined amount. The present device comprises a lower limit threshold value setting device S060, an upper limit threshold value setting device for setting the lower limit and upper limit threshold values of the discharge amount of the battery device, a mode setting device S054 for increasing the state of charge when the state of charge is reduced to the lower limit threshold value, a mode setting release device S062 for releasing the mode setting changed by the mode setting device, and a discharge depth detecting device S063 for detecting the discharge amount of the present state of charge by comparison with the initial state of charge. The threshold value for determining whether it is necessary for the motor to assist the engine is modified depending upon the discharge depth.

Abstract: A fault determining apparatus for a variable valve timing mechanism is provided for shortly and accurately determining a fault even at low oil temperatures. The mechanism is driven by an oil pressure to change a cam phase of an intake cam and/or an exhaust cam with respect to a crank shaft of an internal combustion engine, thereby controlling the actual cam phase to reach a target cam phase. The apparatus has a fault determining routine executed by an ECU (electric control unit) for determining that the mechanism is faulty when a cam phase difference between the target cam phase and the actual cam phase is not within a predetermined range, an oil temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the working oil, and a correcting routine executed by the ECU for correcting the predetermined range in an increasing direction when the detected oil temperature is low.

Abstract: A failure diagnosis apparatus for diagnosing a failure of an evaporative fuel processing system. A pressure in the evaporative fuel processing system is detected, and a purge control valve and a vent shut valve are closed when stoppage of the engine is detected. A determination is made as to whether there is a leak in the evaporative fuel processing system based on the detected pressure during a predetermined determination period after closing of the purge control and vent shut valves.

Abstract: A system for discriminating malfunction of a radiator of an internal combustion engine, in which conditions for execution of malfunction discrimination of the radiator are decided to be established, when a decline amount of outside air temperature is less than a threshold value, and the malfunction discrimination is conducted by comparing an estimated and detected coolant temperatures with predetermined values. In the system, making the decision that the conditions are not established is prevented, utilizing a parameter related to a quantity of intake air. With this, it becomes possible to inhibit decisions finding that the conditions are not established in certain cases in which such a decision would ordinarily be unreasonably made, such as when the internal combustion engine is started while still insufficiently soaked, etc.

Abstract: A failure diagnosis apparatus for diagnosing a failure in an evaporative fuel processing system is disclosed. The evaporative fuel processing system has a fuel tank, a canister containing an adsorbent for adsorbing evaporative fuel generated in the fuel tank, an air passage connected to the canister and communicating with the atmosphere, a first passage for connecting the canister and the fuel tank, a second passage for connecting the canister and an intake system of an internal combustion engine, a vent shut valve for opening and closing the air passage, and a purge control valve provided in the second passage. The purge control valve and the vent shut valve are closed when stoppage of the engine is detected and it is determined whether there is a leak in the evaporative fuel processing system according to the detected pressure in the evaporative fuel processing system during a predetermined determination time period after closing the purge control valve and the vent shut valve.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining leakage in an evaporated fuel processing system is provided. The evaporated fuel processing system extends from a fuel tank through a canister to a purge passage through which evaporated fuel from the fuel tank is purged to an intake manifold of an engine. The canister comprises a vent-shut valve that communicates with the atmosphere. The apparatus comprises a pressure sensor for detecting a pressure of the evaporated fuel processing system and a control unit connected to the pressure sensor. The control unit detects a stop of the engine. After the stop of the engine is detected, the control unit closes the vent-shut valve to close the evaporated fuel processing system. The control unit determines whether the evaporated fuel processing system has leakage after the evaporated fuel processing system is closed based on the detected pressure and a predetermined determination value.