Abstract: A light detector is configured such that a light receiving portion having APDs and a peripheral portion are provided on a first principal surface of a p-type semiconductor substrate, and further includes a back electrode provided on a second principal surface of the semiconductor substrate and a p-type first separation portion provided between the light receiving portion and the peripheral portion. The APD has, on a first principal surface side, an n-type region and a p-epitaxial layer contacting the n-type region in a Z-direction. The peripheral portion has an n-type MISFET provided at a p-well and an n-well provided to surround entire side and bottom portions of the p-well.

Abstract: A vehicular apparatus is provided in which a plurality of operating systems each perform a display on a display device. The vehicular apparatus includes a controller unit. The controller unit is configured to implement a virtual environment to operate the plurality of operating systems. The controller is further configured to monitor and detect a malfunction in the display performed on the display device in the virtual environment, and to shield a display area where an incorrect display may be performed in response to the malfunction being detected.

Abstract: A vehicular apparatus is provided in which a plurality of operating systems each perform a display on a display device. The vehicular apparatus includes a controller unit. The controller unit is configured to implement a virtual environment to operate the plurality of operating systems. The controller is further configured to monitor and detect a malfunction in the display performed on the display device in the virtual environment, and to shield a display area where an incorrect display may be performed in response to the malfunction being detected.

Abstract: An aircraft flight control system includes a first actuator attached to a wing main body, a horn arm configured to transmit an output of the first actuator to a control surface, and a second actuator that is a rotary actuator and attached to the control surface. At least one of the first actuator and the second actuator is an electromechanical actuator (EMA). A first end of the horn arm is coupled to an output terminal of the first actuator, and a second end of the horn arm is fixed to an output terminal of the second actuator. The second actuator is attached to the control surface such that a turning axis of the output terminal is parallel to or coincides with a fulcrum axis (hinge line) of the control surface.

Abstract: An aircraft flight control system includes a first actuator attached to a wing main body, a horn arm configured to transmit an output of the first actuator to a control surface, and a second actuator that is a rotary actuator and attached to the control surface. At least one of the first actuator and the second actuator is an electromechanical actuator (EMA). A first end of the horn arm is coupled to an output terminal of the first actuator, and a second end of the horn arm is fixed to an output terminal of the second actuator. The second actuator is attached to the control surface such that a turning axis of the output terminal is parallel to or coincides with a fulcrum axis (hinge line) of the control surface.

Abstract: An information providing apparatus providing an information item to a user includes a generated information obtaining portion, a category determination portion, a priority setting portion, a selection portion, and a providing portion. The generated information obtaining portion obtains generated information items that are generated by executions of multiple applications, respectively. The category determination portion determines a category of each of the generated information items. The priority setting portion sets a priority order based on the category of each of the generated information items. The selection portion selects a providing information item to be provided from the generated information items obtained by the generated information obtaining portion according to the priority order. The providing portion provides the selected providing information item to the user.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser device of low operating current and low noise for the 780 nm band to be used as the light source for an optical disc and its fabrication method. The device comprises: a certain conduction type Ga.sub.1-Y1 Al.sub.Y1 As first light guide layer, a Ga.sub.1-Y2 Al.sub.Y2 As second light guide layer of said certain conduction type, or an In.sub.0.5 Ga.sub.0.5 P or an In.sub.0.5 (GaAl).sub.0.5 P or an InGaAsP second light guide layer, successively formed one upon another at least in one side of the principal plane of an active layer; an opposite conduction type Ga.sub.1-Z Al.sub.Z As current blocking layer formed on the second light guide layer and provided with a stripe-like window; and a Ga.sub.1-Y3 Al.sub.Y3 As cladding layer of the same conduction type a said light guide layers formed on said stripe-like window, wherein relations of Z>Y3>Y2 and Y1>Y2 are established among Y1, Y2 Y3 and Z that define the AlAs mole-fractions.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser device suitable as a light source for an optical disk may be operated at a low operating current with low noise for the 780 nm band. The device comprises: a certain conduction type Ga.sub.1-Y1 Al.sub.Y1 As first light guide layer, a Ga.sub.1-Y2 Al.sub.Y2 As second light guide layer of said certain conduction type, or an In.sub.0.5 Ga.sub.0.5 P or an In.sub.0.5 (GaAl).sub.0.5 P or an InGaAsP second light guide layer, successively formed one upon another at least in one side of the principal plane of an active layer; an opposite conduction type Ga.sub.1-Z Al.sub.Z As current blocking layer formed on the second light guide layer and provided with a stripe-like window; and a Ga.sub.1-Y3 Al.sub.Y3 As cladding layer of the same conduction type as the light guide layers formed on the stripe-like window. The relations of Z>Y3>Y2 and Y1>Y2 define the AlAs mole fractions.