Abstract: An information transmit system includes a first communication element having a guaranteed quality required to transmit real-time information, and a second communication element different from the first communication element. The system also includes a transmission element for transmitting stored real-time information using the first communication element and for transmitting real-time data using the second communication element, where the real-time data using the second communication element has corresponding time stamps later in time than the real-time data transmitted by the first communication element. For example, a time stamp of the real-time data may be used to transmit the data in either a normal direction (using the first communication element), or in a retrospective direction (using the second communication element).

Abstract: A preprocessing device used in a video coding apparatus, comprising a motion compensation prediction estimating unit for detecting a change of an video from a current picture and a past picture to generate change data, and a filter for deforming the current picture in accordance with the change data generated by the motion compensation prediction estimating circuit such that a deformed current picture is sent to a motion compensation prediction coding section of the video coding apparatus to be coded.

Abstract: A video coding apparatus comprising a memory for storing a coded picture signal used as a reference picture signal, a vector detecting circuit for detecting, from plural field picture signals or plural frame picture signals which are read out from the memory and the reference picture signals, an optimum motion regarding a picture to be coded, a prediction signal producing circuit for subjecting a spatial-temporal filtering to a reference picture designated by the optimum motion vector to produce a prediction signal, and a coding circuit for coding the to-be coded picture signal on the basis of the prediction signal.

Abstract: A preprocessing device used in a video coding apparatus, comprising a motion compensation prediction estimating unit for detecting a change of an video from a current picture and a past picture to generate change data, and a filter for deforming the current picture in accordance with the change data generated by the motion compensation prediction estimating circuit such that a deformed current picture is sent to a motion compensation prediction coding section of the video coding apparatus to be coded.

Abstract: A method for allocating bits to be used to compression code digital data signals representing a group of pictures in a motion video sequence. The pictures within each group of pictures to be coded are identified as being one of a plurality of different picture types. The total number of bits to be used in compression coding the group of pictures is determined based on a fixed target bit-rate. The number of bits for use in compression coding a picture in said group of pictures is allocated from said total number of bits using a number of pictures in each of the plurality of picture types in order to produce an allocation of bits which meet the fixed target bit-rate.

Abstract: A video coding apparatus comprising a memory for storing a coded picture signal used as a reference picture signal, a vector detecting circuit for detecting, from plural field picture signals or plural frame picture signals which are read out from the memory and the reference picture signals, an optimum motion regarding a picture to be coded, a prediction signal producing circuit for subjecting a spatial-temporal filtering to a reference picture designated by the optimum motion vector to produce a prediction signal, and a coding circuit for coding the to-be coded picture signal on the basis of the prediction signal.

Abstract: A motion picture image transmission apparatus constructing a motion picture image transmission system for coding and decoding a motion picture signal in the block unit includes an output section for detecting an error of received coded data and outputting a detection signal, an identifying section for identifying a non-decodable block based on the detection signal, a prediction section for subjecting values of pixels near the non-decodable block to motion compensation prediction according to the respective motion vectors and motion compensation methods of a plurality of decodable blocks near the block, a calculating section for calculating motion compensation prediction error values of the results of prediction, a selecting section for selecting a motion vector applied to the non-decodable block from the plurality of motion vectors or the like based on the error value, and a correcting section for correcting a decodable block by motion compensation by use of the selected motion vector or the like.

Abstract: A motion picture coding apparatus for performing predictive coding on a high-resolution picture signal and coding a low-resolution picture signal obtained by converting the high-resolution picture signal. One field is thinned out from one frame of a picture by a field skip circuit 102, the other field is down-sampled by a down-sampling circuit 29, thereby forming a low-resolution picture. A low-resolution predictive signal, obtained by up-sampling the low-resolution picture by an up-sampling circuit 35, and a high-resolution predictive signal, which is produced from a high-resolution picture and corresponds to the thinned-out one field, are alternately combined by a predictor 104 to form a predictive signal.

Abstract: A hollow needle for tag attachers, which comprises a blade (2) made by press working of a thin metal plate and a shank (3) of a synthetic resin integrally secured at a rear end part of the blade (2), wherein the blade (2) includes a front end part (2a) which has in a middle part thereof a semicircular shape in section and is formed in an outer surface portion thereof with a resistance reducing part (4) provided by partly depressing the outer periphery thereof, whereby the area of contact of a front end part of the hollow needle with an object partly through which the needle is applied in use is reduced and the needle has a desirable characteristic such that it can be applied straight in use.

Abstract: A video recording/reproducing apparatus having an encoder for encoding a video signal, and a recording unit for recording encoded information from the encoder on a digital recording medium, the encoder comprising a memory for storing at least first and second reference pictures, a prediction circuit for forming a prediction signal for an input signal, using a first reference signal from the first reference picture designated by a first motion vector, and a second reference signal from the second reference picture designated by a second motion vector, a first motion vector detector for determining a third motion vector from a point of intersection of the first motion vector and the second motion vector to a point in the second reference picture where the first motion vector intersects the second reference picture, a second motion vector detector for determining a differential motion vector by subtracting the third motion vector from the second motion vector, and an encoding circuit for encoding the first motio

Abstract: A video coding apparatus includes a memory for storing a coded picture signal used as a reference picture signal, a vector detecting circuit for detecting, from plural field picture signals or plural frame picture signals which are read out from the memory and the reference picture signals, an optimum motion vector regarding a picture to be coded, a prediction signal producing circuit for subjecting a spatial-temporal filtering to a reference picture designated by the optimum motion vector to produce a prediction signal, and a coding circuit for coding the to-be-coded picture signal on the basis of the prediction signal.

Abstract: A video decoding apparatus including a memory for storing at least first and second reference pictures, a prediction signal forming circuit for forming a prediction signal to produce an output signal, using a first reference signal designated by a first motion vector for the first reference picture and a second reference signal designated by a second motion vector for the second reference picture read out of the memory. Also included is a decoding circuit for decoding the transmitted first motion vector and a transmitted motion vector difference, and for further decoding the second motion vector by adding a scaled motion vector and the motion vector difference. The scaled motion vector is derived by scaling the first motion vector to a motion vector for the second reference picture. Further included is a decoding circuit for decoding a transmitted difference signal and for obtaining the output signal by adding the difference signal and the prediction signal.

Abstract: A motion picture coding apparatus for performing predictive coding on a high-resolution picture signal and coding a low-resolution picture signal obtained by converting the high-resolution picture signal. One field is thinned out from one frame of a picture by a field skip circuit, the other field is down-sampled by a down-sampling circuit 29, thereby forming a low-resolution picture. A low-resolution predictive signal, obtained by up-sampling the low-resolution picture by an up-sampling circuit, and a high-resolution predictive signal, which is produced from a high-resolution picture and corresponds to the thinned-out one field, are alternately combined by a predictor to form a predictive signal.

Abstract: A video coding apparatus comprises a memory for storing a coded picture signal used as a reference picture signal, a vector detecting circuit for detecting, from plural field picture signals or plural frame picture signals which are read out from the memory and the reference picture signals, an optimum motion vector regarding a picture to be coded, a prediction signal producing circuit for subjecting a spatial-temporal filtering to a reference picture designated by the optimum motion vector to produce a prediction signal, and a coding circuit for coding the to-be-coded picture signal on the basis of the prediction signal.

Abstract: A motion picture coding apparatus for performing predictive coding on a high-resolution picture signal and coding a low-resolution picture signal obtained by converting the high-resolution picture signal. One field is thinned out from one frame of a picture by a field skip circuit 102, the other field is down-sampled by a down-sampling circuit 29, thereby forming a low-resolution picture. A low-resolution predictive signal, obtained by up-sampling the low-resolution picture by an up-sampling circuit 35, and a high-resolution predictive signal, which is produced from a high-resolution picture and corresponds to the thinned-out one field, are alternately combined by a predictor 104 to form a predictive signal.

Abstract: A video coding apparatus comprises a coding section and a control section. The coding section codes video signal input on a frame basis according to plural coding methods which vary between frames. The coding methods are repeated at a period which is an integral divisor of a window which contains plural frames. The control section restricts a number of bits of the video signal corresponding to the window size, coded by the coding section, below predetermined value according to a target number of bits set in accordance with the kind of frame.

Abstract: A video coding apparatus comprises a memory for storing a coded picture signal used as a reference picture signal, a vector detecting circuit for detecting, from plural field picture signals or plural frame picture signals which are read out from the memory and the reference picture signals, an optimum motion vector regarding a picture to be coded, a prediction signal producing circuit for subjecting a spatial-temporal filtering to a reference picture designated by the optimum motion vector to produce a prediction signal, and a coding circuit for coding the to-be-coded picture signal on the basis of the prediction signal.

Abstract: A moving picture image encoding device comprises a DCT circuit for coding an input image signal, a quantization circuit for quantizing an output signal of the DCT circuit, a variable length coding circuit for coding an output signal of the quantization circuit, a buffer memory for temporarily storing codes output from the variable length coding circuit, and a quantization control circuit for controlling the quantization step size according to the buffer content of the buffer memory. The quantization control circuit decrements the quantization step size by a predetermined quantity every frame period or increments the quantization step size by a predetermined quantity every block period when a parameter value related to the buffer content is not less than a preset value.

Abstract: A video phone unit comprising a decoder for expanding a received picture transmitted from the other party, a television camera for photographing a subject for producing a photographed picture on one party side, a hook for detecting whether the camera is immobile or mobile and generating either a first detecting signal indicating that the hook is in a mobile state or a second detecting signal indicating that the hook is immobile, a changeover switch for selecting either the received picture expanded at the decoder or the photographed picture taken at the camera after receiving the first or second detecting signal provided from the hook, a display for displaying one picture selected at the changeover switch, and a coder for compressing and transmitting the photographed picture provided from the camera to the other party.

Abstract: An image encoding apparatus comprises a region detecting circuit for detecting a specific region from input image signals and outputting the region specifying signal for discriminating the specific region from other regions, a low-pass filter for selectively filtering and outputting the image signals of regions other than the specific region in the input image signals, and an encoding circuit for encoding the image signal output from the low-pass filter.