Abstract: A working fluid for a heat cycle, contains: trifluoroethylene; and a first component consisting of at least one of substance selected from carbon dioxide, fluoromethane, trifluoroiodomethane, methane, ethane, propane, helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, nitrogen and ammonia.

Abstract: Provided are a surface treating agent which is capable of forming a surface layer excellent in light resistance and has excellent long-term storage stability, an article having the surface layer, and a method for producing the article. The surface treating agent of the present invention is a surface treating agent containing a fluorine-containing ether compound having a fluoropolyether chain and a reactive silyl group, and a fluoride ion, in which the content of the fluoride ion is 0.1 to 3.0 ppm by mass with respect to the total mass of the surface treating agent.

Abstract: Provided are a surface treating agent which is capable of forming a surface layer excellent in acid resistance and has excellent long-term storage stability, an article having the surface layer, and a method for producing the article. The surface treating agent of the present invention is a surface treating agent containing a fluorine-containing ether compound having a fluoropolyether chain and a reactive silyl group, and one or more ions selected from the group consisting of an iodide ion and a bromide ion, in which the content of the ions is 0.05 to 2.00 ppm by mass with respect to the total mass of the surface treating agent.

Abstract: A surface treatment agent from which a surface layer having an excellent friction resistance can be formed, an article including such a surface layer, and a method for manufacturing such an article are provided. A surface treatment agent according to the present invention contains a fluorine-containing ether compound including a fluoro-polyether chain and a reactive silyl group, and a metallic compound containing at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of elements in Groups 1 excluding a hydrogen element and Group 2 in a periodic table.

Abstract: An object of the present disclosure is to provide a composition, a surface treatment agent, and a coating liquid with excellent abrasion resistance, an article including a surface layer with excellent abrasion resistance, and a method for producing the article. A composition which contains two or more compounds selected from the compound represented by the formula (A1), the compound represented by the formula (A2), the compound represented by the formula (B1), and the compound represented by the formula (B2) and meets the following (I) to (III) is provided. Rf1—(ORf11)y1—O—R1-L1-(R11-T1)x1??(A1) Rf2—(ORf12)y2—O—R2-L2-(R12-T2)x2??(A2) (T3-R13)x3-L3-R3—(ORf13)y3—O—R23-L13-(R33-T13)x13 ??(B1) (T4-R14)x4-L4-R4—(ORf14)y4—O—R24-L14-(R34-T14)x14 ??(B2) Other symbols in the formulae are as described in the specification.

Abstract: A compound, a composition, a surface treatment agent, and a coating liquid capable of forming a surface layer excellent in wear resistance, an article having a surface layer excellent in wear resistance, and a method for producing the article are provided. The compound has a fluoropolyether chain and a group represented by the following formula (g1). where Rg1 is an alkylene group in which an atom having a connecting bond * may be an etheric oxygen atom and that may contain an etheric oxygen atom between carbon-carbon atoms, Rg1 containing a carbon chain with at least 9 carbon atoms linked together, Tg1 is —SiRa1z1Ra23-z1, and other symbols are as described in the specification.

Abstract: An object is to provide a method for producing a fluorine-containing compound by using an easily available compound under relatively mild reaction conditions to produce a fluorine-containing compound, and a method for producing a surface treatment agent using the fluorine-containing compound obtained by the production method. A method for producing a fluorine-containing compound represented by the following formula (C1) or (C2), the method including: reacting a compound represented by the following formula (A1) or (A2) with a compound represented by the following formula (B1). G1-L1-CR1R2—X1??Formula (A1) X2—CR3R4-L2-G2-L3-CR5R6—X3??Formula (A2) R11—MgR12??Formula (B1) G1-L1-CR1R2—R11??Formula (C1) R11—CR3R4-L2-G2-L3-CR5R6—R11??Formula (C2) where, each reference sign in the formula is as described in the specification.

Abstract: To provide a method capable of separating a monofunctional species, bifunctional species, etc. of a fluorinated ether compound having a polyfluoropolyether chain and a predetermined functional group in good yield and with high separation performance.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide, as a working fluid to be used for a heat cycle system, a working fluid for heat cycle that has cycle performance replaceable with that of R410A, and at the same time, has a small burden on an apparatus, low flammability, suppressed self-decomposition, and less effect on global warming, and therefore, is usable stably even if leaked, a composition for heat cycle system containing the same, and a heat cycle system using the composition. The working fluid for heat cycle contains trifluoroethylene, difluoromethane, and at least one selected from 1,1-difluoroethane, fluoroethane, propane, propylene, carbon dioxide, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, and (E)-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene at mass ratios satisfying predetermined expressions and at a ratio of the total content to be 90 to 100 mass % relative to the total amount of the working fluid and has a temperature glide of 10° C. or less.

Abstract: Provided are a fluorine-containing ether compound, a fluorine-containing ether composition, and a coating liquid, which can form a surface layer having excellent durability, and an article and production method thereof having a surface layer that has excellent durability and that can maintain water and oil repellency, lubricity, and fingerprint stain removability for a long time. The fluorine-containing ether compound includes a polyfluoropolyether chain, a reactive silyl group, and a linking group that includes a group represented by *—O—C(?O)—**, in which the linking group links the polyfluoropolyether chain arranged on the * side and the reactive silyl group arranged on the ** side.

Abstract: A working fluid for a heat cycle, contains: trifluoroethylene; and a first component consisting of at least one of substance selected from carbon dioxide, fluoromethane, trifluoroiodomethane, methane, ethane, propane, helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, nitrogen and ammonia.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide, as a working fluid to be used for a heat cycle system, a working fluid for heat cycle that has cycle performance replaceable with that of R410A, and at the same time, has a small burden on an apparatus, low flammability, suppressed self-decomposition, and less effect on global warming, and therefore, is usable stably even if leaked, a composition for heat cycle system containing the same, and a heat cycle system using the composition. The working fluid for heat cycle contains trifluoroethylene, difluoromethane, and at least one selected from 1,1-difluoroethane, fluoroethane, propane, propylene, carbon dioxide, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, and (E)-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene at mass ratios satisfying predetermined expressions and at a ratio of the total content to be 90 to 100 mass % relative to the total amount of the working fluid and has a temperature glide of 10° C. or less.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide, as a working fluid to be used for a heat cycle system, a working fluid for heat cycle that has cycle performance replaceable with that of R410A, and at the same time, has a small burden on an apparatus, low flammability, suppressed self-decomposition, and less effect on global warming, and therefore, is usable stably even if leaked, a composition for heat cycle system containing the same, and a heat cycle system using the composition. The working fluid for heat cycle contains trifluoroethylene, difluoromethane, and at least one selected from 1,1-difluoroethane, fluoroethane, propane, propylene, carbon dioxide, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, and (E)-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene at mass ratios satisfying predetermined expressions and at a ratio of the total content to be 90 to 100 mass % relative to the total amount of the working fluid and has a temperature glide of 10° C. or less.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide, as a working fluid to be used for a heat cycle system, a working fluid for heat cycle that has cycle performance replaceable with that of R410A, and at the same time, has a small burden on an apparatus, low flammability, suppressed self-decomposition, and less effect on global warming, and therefore, is usable stably even if leaked, a composition for heat cycle system containing the same, and a heat cycle system using the composition. The working fluid for heat cycle contains trifluoroethylene, difluoromethane, and at least one selected from 1,1-difluoroethane, fluoroethane, propane, propylene, carbon dioxide, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, and (E)-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene at mass ratios satisfying predetermined expressions and at a ratio of the total content to be 90 to 100 mass % relative to the total amount of the working fluid and has a temperature glide of 10° C. or less.

Abstract: A working fluid for a heat cycle, contains: trifluoroethylene; and a first component consisting of at least one of substance selected from carbon dioxide, fluoromethane, trifluoroiodomethane, methane, ethane, propane, helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, nitrogen and ammonia.