Abstract: The invention provides compositions comprising at least one alkylphenol resin (constituent I) and, based on the alkylphenol resin, from 0.05 to 10% by weight of at least one salt of an aromatic base and of a sulfonic acid (constituent II).

Abstract: The invention provides compositions comprising at least one alkylphenol-aldehyde resin (constituent I) and, based on the alkylphenol resin, from 0.005 to 10% by weight of at least one oil-soluble organic ammonium sulfonate (constituent II).

Abstract: The invention provides a process for preparing polyoxyalkylene glycol monoethers and/or diethers by reacting an alkoxide with an alkylating agent, which comprises adding water and a compound of the formula 1 in which R2 is a straight-chain or branched C1- to C20-alkyl radical, p is from 1 to 75, X is one 1,2-alkylene group or different 1,2-alkylene groups having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and k is from 1 to 200 to the mixture of alkoxide, alkylating agent and polyoxyalkylene glycol ether which has formed.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for preparing polyoxyalkylene glycol monoethers and/or diethers by reacting an alkoxide with an alkylating agent, which comprises adding water and oligo- or polyethyleneimines which have been alkoxylated with from 1 to 100 C2- to C4-alkylene oxide groups or a mixture of such alkylene oxide groups per free NH group to the mixture of alkoxide, alkylating agent and polyoxyalkylene glycol ether which has formed.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for preparing polyoxyalkylene glycol monoethers and/or diethers by reacting an alkoxide with an alkylating agent, which comprises adding water and block polymers which are obtainable from a compound which comprises from 1 to 30 carbon atoms and from 1 to 25 hydroxyl groups, amino groups or both by its blockwise alkoxylation with at least 2 different blocks of in each case from 1 to 200 mol of C2- to C4-alkylene oxide to the mixture of alkoxide, alkylating agent and polyoxyalkylene glycol ether which has formed.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions comprising at least one alkylphenol resin (constituent I) and, based on the alkylphenol resin, from 0.05 to 10% by weight of at least one salt of an aromatic base and of a sulfonic acid (constituent II).

Abstract: The invention provides compositions comprising at least one alkylphenol-aldehyde resin (constituent I) and, based on the alkylphenol resin, from 0.005 to 10% by weight of at least one oil-soluble organic ammonium sulfonate (constituent II).

Abstract: The invention relates to polymers that can be obtained by: A) reacting an epoxidized ester, which is selected from one or more unsaturated fatty acids having 8 to 26 C atoms and a polyol having 2 to 6 OH groups, with a monoamine, diamine or polyamine; B) alkoxylating the polyamine obtained hereby with a C2 to C4 alkylene oxide in molar excess so that the average degree of alkoxylation per OH group ranges from 1 to 100. The polymers have a numerical average molecular weight ranging from 500 to 100,000 g/mol. The invention also relates to the use of these polymers in quantities ranging from 0.0001 to 5% by weight with regard to the oil as demulsifiers for oil-in-water emulsions.

Abstract: An alkoxylation catalyst is prepared by a) reaction of one mol of a dicarboxylic acid with from 1.5 to 8 mol of an alkoxylated alcohol to form the corresponding dicarboxylic monoester, b) formation of an alkaline earth metal salt of the dicarboxylic monoester by addition of water and from 0.45 to 0.55 mol of a basic alkaline earth metal compound per mol of dicarboxylic acid originally used, c) partial neutralization of the alkaline earth metal salt by addition of from 0.25 to 0.7 mol of H2SO4 per mol of basic alkaline earth metal compound originally used and d) removal of the water present at a temperature of less than 100° C. The catalyst prepared in this way makes it possible to prepare colorless alkoxylates having a narrow homologue distribution.

Abstract: The new compounds consist essentially of ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block polymer units and oxyalkyleneated alkylphenol/aldehyde resin units, which are linked by methylene groups. They are prepared by reacting a block polymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide and an oxyalkyleneated alkylphenol/aldehyde resin with formaldehyde. The new compounds constitute especially advantageous breaking agents for petroleum.