Abstract: An electrode according to an embodiment includes a support, and a catalyst layer including a sheet layer and a gap layer stacked, alternately on the support. The catalyst layer includes noble oxide and non-noble oxide. 4 [wt %] or more and 8 [wt %] or less of metal elements included in the catalyst layer is non-noble metal. An average thickness of the gap layer is 6 [nm] or more and 50 [nm] or less.

Abstract: A membrane electrode assembly according to an embodiment includes a first electrode, a second electrode, an electrolyte membrane provided between the first electrode and the second electrode and a first seal provided on a peripheral portion of the first electrode, having a first opening, housing the first electrode in the first opening, and being contact with the electrolyte membrane or the first seal and a second seal provided on a peripheral portion of the second electrode, having a second opening, housing the second electrode in the second opening, and being contact with the electrolyte membrane.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the invention, a coating apparatus includes a first pipe, a first pump, a first nozzle, a second nozzle, and a holder. The first pipe includes a first inflow port, a first outflow port, and a second outflow port. The first pump is configured to supply liquid toward the first inflow port. The first nozzle includes a first nozzle inflow port and a first nozzle discharge port. The first nozzle inflow port is connected to the first outflow port. The first nozzle discharge port is configured to discharge the liquid passing through the first pipe. The second nozzle includes a second nozzle inflow port and a second discharge port. The second nozzle inflow port is connected to the second outflow port. The second nozzle discharge port is configured to discharge the liquid passing through the first pipe. The holder holds the first nozzle and the second nozzle. The holder is configured to form a first state and a second state.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an electrochemical cell includes an anode, a cathode and an electrolytic membrane interposed therebetween. At least one of the anode and the cathode is formed of an integral solid conductive plate and includes a first surface in contact with the electrolytic membrane and a second surface apart from the first surface in a thickness direction. The at least one of the anode and the cathode includes a plurality of first pores opened in the first surface and a plurality of second pores opened in the second surface, the second pores communicating with a part of the first pores. The first pores are smaller than the second pores, and the concentration of pores in the first surface is higher than that in the second surface.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an electrochemical cell includes an anode, a cathode and an electrolytic membrane interposed therebetween. At least one of the anode and the cathode is formed of an integral solid conductive plate and includes a first surface in contact with the electrolytic membrane and a second surface apart from the first surface in a thickness direction. The at least one of the anode and the cathode includes a plurality of first pores opened in the first surface and a plurality of second pores opened in the second surface, the second pores communicating with a part of the first pores. The first pores are smaller than the second pores, and the concentration of pores in the first surface is higher than that in the second surface.

Abstract: A lighting device of an embodiment includes: a light-emitting element; an optical lens positioned on a positive direction side of an axis perpendicular to a light-emitting surface of the light-emitting element with a point of origin being set on a center of the light-emitting surface; a plurality of heat dissipation fins arranged on a negative direction side of the axis and around the axis that serves as a central axis, and arranged so as not to be present within a range of a 1/2 light distribution angle of light emitted from the optical lens in the positive direction, and being thermally connected to the light-emitting element; a cover housing the heat dissipation fins having at least one opening in each of the positive and negative direction sides; and a base member positioned along the axis and thermally connected to the light-emitting element and the heat dissipation fins.

Abstract: A fuel cell system is provided with a direct methanol fuel cell having an anode, a cathode and an electrolyte membrane put therebetween, a fuel supply unit supplying fuel to the anode, an air supply unit supplying air to the cathode and a heat exchanger exchanging heat between the fuel supplied by the fuel supply unit to the anode and an exhaust exhausted from the fuel cell.

Abstract: A fuel cell is provided with an assembly including an electrolytic membrane and anode and cathode electrodes on both sides of the membrane, a unit providing a path for supplying liquid fuel to the anode side of the membrane, a unit providing a path for supplying air to the cathode electrode side of the membrane, a unit providing a path for discharging gas from the anode electrode side of the membrane, and stacking members stacked in a state of sealing each other on an outer surface of the anode electrode. In this cell, the anode electrode and the stacking members configure a stacking structure, the liquid fuel supply path includes at least one through-hole passing through the stacking structure, and the gas discharge path includes at least one through-hole passing through the stacking structure independently of the at least one through-hole of the liquid fuel supply path.

Abstract: In a housing of a fuel cell are arranged an electromotive unit, a fuel tank, an anode passage through which the fuel is circulated between the electromotive unit and the fuel tank, an air supply section which supplies air to the electromotive unit, and a cathode passage through which products from the electromotive unit are discharged. The cathode passage has a first passage extending from the electromotive unit, branch passages which diverge from the first passage, a reservoir portion which communicates with the first passage and lower ends of the branch passages and is stored with water discharged from the first passage and water condensed in the branch passages, and a recovery passage which guides the water stored in the reservoir portion into the fuel tank. A radiator section is provided on the branch passages.

Abstract: A connecting member includes a metallic inner tube surrounding a flow path through which fluid flows; a polyimide resin-made outer tube covering an outer circumference of the inner tube; and a polyimide resin-made intermediate layer provided between the inner tube and the outer tube.

Abstract: A liquid fuel cell includes a cell stack unit containing at least one separator that includes a liquid fuel flow path and an oxidizer flow path, an end separator stacked on an outermost layer of the cell stack unit and having a liquid fuel inlet, a resin-made manifold plate including a fuel supplying manifold joined to the liquid fuel inlet of the end separator, a resin-made fuel throttle member placed in the fuel supplying manifold and including a fuel passing hole of an opening area smaller than an opening area of the fuel supplying manifold, and a liquid fuel supplying member which supplies liquid fuel to the fuel supplying manifold of the resin-made manifold plate.

Abstract: A fuel cell system is provided with a fuel cell having an anode and a cathode; a mixing tank containing a mixture of methanol and water; a circulating flow path linking the mixing tank and the anode, the circulating flow path supplying the mixture to the anode and recycling an exhaust fluid exhausted from the anode; and a gas-liquid separator disposed on the circulating flow path, the gas-liquid separator separating a gas phase from a liquid phase of the exhaust fluid.

Abstract: In a housing of a fuel cell are arranged an electromotive unit, a fuel tank, a first piping through which the fuel is circulated between the electromotive unit and the fuel tank, an air supply section which supplies air to the electromotive unit, and a second piping through which products from the electromotive unit are discharged. The first and second pipings are provided with first and second radiator sections, respectively. A cooling fan is located between the first and second radiator sections and circulates air through the radiator sections.

Abstract: In a housing of a fuel cell are arranged an electromotive unit, a fuel tank, an anode passage through which the fuel is circulated between the electromotive unit and the fuel tank, an air supply section which supplies air to the electromotive unit, and a cathode passage through which products from the electromotive unit are discharged. The cathode passage has a first passage extending from the electromotive unit, branch passages which diverge from the first passage, a reservoir portion which communicates with the first passage and lower ends of the branch passages and is stored with water discharged from the first passage and water condensed in the branch passages, and a recovery passage which guides the water stored in the reservoir portion into the fuel tank. A radiator section is provided on the branch passages.

Abstract: A housing of a fuel cell has a first region, a second region, and a partition which divides the first and second regions. A generator section in the first region has an electromotive unit which generates power based on a chemical reaction and a fuel tank which contains a fuel. Located in the second region is a control section which has a control circuit board and controls operation of the generator section.

Abstract: A fuel cell system is provided with a direct methanol fuel cell having an anode, a cathode and an electrolyte membrane put therebetween, a fuel supply unit supplying fuel to the anode, an air supply unit supplying air to the cathode and a heat exchanger exchanging heat between the fuel supplied by the fuel supply unit to the anode and an exhaust exhausted from the fuel cell.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an electrostatic deflecting electrode unit for use in charged beam lithography apparatus comprises a first step of preparing a hollow cylindrical member made of metal, a second step of forming grooves of a predetermined width in a cylindrical member in the direction of radius thereof and along lines that equally divides the periphery of the cylindrical member into eight sections, a third step of attaching a ring-like member made of an insulating material to each of end surfaces of the cylindrical member which are opposed to each other in the direction of axis of the cylindrical member in such a way that bottom portions of the grooves are exposed, and a fourth step of dividing the cylindrical member into eight electrodes by extending the bottom portions of the grooves in the direction of radius of the cylindrical member to reach the hole of the cylindrical member with the ring-like members attached.