Abstract: For the purpose of preventing demagnetization of a magnet (32) without any cost increase and improving the max torque and the efficiency of an electric motor (20) by suppressing deterioration of magnetic flux density, a permanent magnet-type electric motor (20) comprises a stator (21) and a rotor (25) disposed in the stator (21), in which a plurality of permanent magnets (32), (32) forming a magnetic pole are inserted in magnet insertion portions (31), (31) of a yoke (26) in such manner that the magnets (32), (32) form in line in the circumferential direction thereof, wherein each magnet (32) is divided into a central magnet (33) that is positioned at the central portion in the width direction of the magnet insertion portion (31) and end magnets (34), (34) that are positioned at end portions of the magnet insertion portion (31), and the end magnets (34), (34) have greater coercive forces than the central magnet (33), whereas the central magnet (33) has a greater magnetic flux density than the end magnets (34)

Abstract: An event timing adjustment device that can realize timing adjustment of any event in a simpler and more correct way. The event timing adjustment circuit has multiphase clock generating portion 5 that generates multiphase clocks, and multiphase clock use portion 3. The multiphase clock generating portion 5 generates plural phase clocks having different phases applied for an event input received by input terminal 1. The plural pulse clocks represent plural different adjustment quantities, respectively. Multiphase clock use portion 3 uses any one phase clock among the multiphase clocks, and it generates an event change timing signal representing the changed timing of said event.

Abstract: A choke valve control system includes a choke-operating lever for opening and closing a choke valve of a carburetor, a choke spring for biasing the valve in an opening direction, and a damper for controlling the opening motion of the valve to a lower speed, when the choke valve is opened from its fully closed position by a biasing force of the choke spring. The choke-operating lever, the choke spring and the damper are connected to the choke valve of the carburetor. In this choke valve control system, the damper includes a damper housing, a rotor, and a damper oil which is accommodated in a sealed manner in the damper housing and applies a viscosity resistance to the rotation of the rotor, which resistance increases as the viscosity increases with decreasing temperature.

Abstract: A choke valve control system includes a choke-operating lever for opening and closing a choke valve of a carburetor, a choke spring for biasing the valve in an opening direction, and a damper for controlling the opening motion of the valve to a lower speed, when the choke valve is opened from its fully closed position by a biasing force of the choke spring. The choke-operating lever, the choke spring and the damper are connected to the choke valve of the carburetor. In this choke valve control system, the damper includes a damper housing, a rotor, and a damper oil which is accommodated in a sealed manner in the damper housing and applies a viscosity resistance to the rotation of the rotor. Thus, the time required for opening the choke valve can be controlled in accordance with the level of the environmental temperature of an engine, thereby providing the stabilization of the warming operation of the engine and a reduction in fuel consumption.

Abstract: The objective of the invention is to provide technology to give high-speed DVD RF signal reading. Frequency comparison circuit 1 of the present invention has edge spacing detection circuit 3, maximum spacing detection circuit 4, and minimum spacing detection circuit 5. The number of reference clock pulses in response to an RF signal pulse width (edge spacing) is detected by edge spacing detection circuit 3. The maximum value of the edge spacing in one frame, that is, the maximum edge spacing, is detected by maximum spacing detection circuit 4. The minimum value of the maximum edge spacing in multiple frames is detected by minimum spacing detection circuit 5. The maximum edge spacing minimum value is compared with a number that indicates the frame synchronizing signal period to perform frequency comparison. Edge spacing detection circuit 3, maximum spacing detection circuit 4, and minimum spacing detection circuit 5 are each constituted with registers.

Abstract: In a magnetic memory drive, a diffraction grating 16 receives a beam emitted by a light source 1 to generate three beams of 0th-order and ±1st-order light beams, and a condensing system 17 converges the beams on a magnetic recording medium 4. The beams reflected from the medium is received by a photodetector 15 which outputs signals corresponding to quantities of the received beams, and a signal processor 61 processes the signals to output a tracking error. The photodetector comprises a plurality of light-receiving sections.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for measuring the microforce acting between a micro particle fixed on the probe and the observation plane are described. The probe is feedback-controlled to be held motionless by canceling probe displacements caused by movements of the micro particle fixed on the probe, using irradiation pressure provided by a laser that applies photon pressure. The microforce acting between the micro particle fixed on the probe and the observation plane is measured by recording the time-varying laser output power. This allows probe fluctuations to be reduced to a few angstroms, and permits control of the distance to the target object to within a few nm, enabling measurement of microforces on the order of 0.1 pN.

Abstract: The objective of the invention is to provide technology to give high-speed DVD RF signal reading.

Abstract: There is provided a magnetic recording apparatus which, even when crosstalk occurs between signals form three photosensitive parts of a photodetector, can detect a high-precision tracking error signal with stability.

Abstract: To form predetermined patterns on flexible substrates made of an inorganic material, in the case where one of substrates in pair is subjected to a processing operation that causes swelling or shrinkage of the substrate, the other substrate is also subjected to the processing operation irrespective of whether or not the other substrate requires the processing operation.

Abstract: A decompression mechanism in an engine is provided, which is constructed so that a centrifugal weight, a pivot supporting the centrifugal weight on a driven timing gear, and an operating pin adapted to transmit the swinging movement of the centrifugal weight to a decompression cam shaft, can be formed as a single piece from a single steel wire, thereby providing a reduction in cost. The centrifugal weight is formed into a bow-like shape from a steel wire, and a pivot and a pin are formed by bending the steel wire sideways from opposite ends of the centrifugal weight.

Abstract: A lubricating and breather system is provided for use with a crankcase and a cylinder block in both a horizontal-type engine and a vertical-type engine, in which the discharge of a blow-by gas and the circulation of oil separated from the blow-by gas into the crankcase can be reliably performed. When the engine is of a vertical-type, it includes a crankcase which is disposed so that a second bearing boss is located above a first bearing boss. The second bearing boss is provided with an annular chamber into which splashed oil produced in the crankcase is passed. A breather chamber is provided in a cylinder block to communicate with the annular chamber, and includes a first return bore provided in a portion thereof which is a lowermost portion when in the horizontal-type engine, and a second return bore in a portion thereof which is a lowermost portion when in the vertical-type engine.

Abstract: A rotary disc of a speed-regulating centrifugal governor driven by a crank shaft is rotatably fitted to a crank case of an engine. While part of the rotary disc is immersed in lubricating oil stored in the crank case, the rotary disc is disposed adjacent to a timing gear and impeller blades project from the outer peripheral face of the rotary disc so as to form an impeller. Further, guide walls for guiding oil splashed by the rotation of the impeller to the timing gear are integrally formed with the inside wall of the crank case, so that the timing gear of a valve mechanism can be effectively lubricated with the splashed oil.

Abstract: Permanent magnet housing spaces 3b and spaces 3c for flux barrier are formed within a rotor 3. A minimum value of a distance from a portion on a boundary face of the permanent magnet housing space in a rotor surface side which portion corresponds to an edge section of a permanent magnet 4 in its width direction to boundary faces of the both spaces in a rotation shaft side of the rotor 3 is determined to be greater than a distance of the permanent magnet housing space 3b in the thickness direction at an edge section of the permanent magnet 4 in its width direction, so that initial performance is maintained by preventing demagnetization of the permanent magnet due to a negative magnetic field from occurring. Thus a decrease in the cost of a brushless DC motor is realized by decreasing the volume of the permanent magnet.

Abstract: An image forming device has a rotating image carrier for carrying an image and a transfer unit including a plurality of rotating rollers, an endless belt travelling around the rollers, and a supporting member for supporting the rollers in such a manner that distances between the rollers be kept constant. At least one of the rollers is a pressure-contacting roller opposed to the image carrier with the endless belt therebetween. The device further has a pressure-contacting unit for energizing the transfer unit in a direction that the pressure-contacting roller be pressure-contacted on the image carrier with the endless belt therebetween.

Abstract: An image forming system for copiers, printers and the like having a main body which forms images on sheets of paper inserted therein and a plurality of sheet feeding units selectively attachable to the main body. The main body has a timing roller set which transports the papers to an image forming position with an appropriate timing, and each of the sheet feeding units has a paper feeding system with a take-up roller for supplying papers from the unit directly to the timing roller set without intermediate rollers in the main body. The system further includes side and bottom sheet feeding units selectively attachable to the main body and the side unit includes a guide for guiding sheets from the bottom unit into the main body. The system further includes a separate sheet guide mountable on the bottom unit for guiding sheets into the main body when the side unit is absent from the system.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating plasma by making use of electron cyclotron resonance employs permanent magnets for forming magnetic fields, and the permanent magnets are arranged in such a manner as to form stronger magnetic fields in peripheral portion of a plasma chamber than in a central portion of the same. in addition, a cross-sectional area of the plasma chamber is gradually increased. Furthermore, electrons are introduced into an additional plasma chamber in which an electric field is not applied so as to generate low-temperature plasma.

Abstract: In a microwave electric power receiver, a microstrip resonator having a line length 1/2 of a wavelength of a microwave to be received is notched to be split at its longitudinally central portion into two portions. A rectification diode is interposed between notched end portions of the microstrip resonator portions to be matched therewith. The diode generates a DC power.

Abstract: A process for making a glazing product which includes forming a gasket on a sheet of bilayer glass with a self healing transparent elastic plastic layer bonded to one side of the glass. A removable protective material is applied to the plastic layer. The assembly is placed in a mold cavity and a plastic material is injected into the mold cavity to form a gasket. The protective material is removed from the plastic layer after the gasket has formed.

Abstract: A laser scanning optical system including a rotatable polygonal mirror for scanning the photosensitive surface with the laser beam in a scanning direction, a lens unit for converging the laser beam reflected by the polygonal mirror on the photosensitive surface, a first reflection mirror for reflecting the laser beam passed though the lens unit to the photosensitive surface, a second reflection mirror for reflecting the laser beam reflected by a part of the first reflection mirror, a sensor arranged to receive the laser beam which is reflected by the second reflection mirror and has passed through a specific position equivalent to the photosensitive surface for generating a synchronizing signal for commanding start of modulation of the laser beam, and first and second lens elements both interposed between the specific position and the sensor so as to keep a conjugate condition therebetween.