Abstract: An apparatus for reproducing images recorded on successive frames of a film recorded with information, the apparatus includes a film feeder which feeds the film in a first direction and a second direction opposite to the first direction; an information reader which reads the recorded information; a density detector which detects a density of each image; and a controller which controls the film feeder, information reader, and density detector. The information reader is worked when the film is fed in the first direction, the density detector is worked when the film is fed in the second direction. A detected image density is adapted for determining an exposure value at which each image is picked up to reproduce the image.

Abstract: At least one guide shaft is equipped on one or both sides of a plurality of drilling shafts arranged on a line; and a jet nozzle is equipped with said guide shaft. A multi-shaft drilling unit, equipped with preferably three auger shafts, is used to develop a continuous wall under the ground. In such a unit, a housing for maintaining a pitch between the auger shafts includes a housing comprising: a primary gear rotating around the central auger shaft; a pair of secondary gears engaging with the primary gear; a primary bevel gear integral to the primary gear; a secondary bevel gear engaging with said primary bevel gear and fixed to a rotary shaft which rotary shaft is perpendicular to a straight line connecting the center lines of auger shafts; and cutters fixed at both ends of the rotary shaft.

Abstract: An apparatus for reproducing images recorded on successive frames of a film recorded with information, the apparatus includes a film feeder which feeds the film in a first direction and a second direction opposite to the first direction; an information reader which reads the recorded information; a density detector which detects a density of each image; and a controller which controls the film feeder, information reader, and density detector. The information reader is worked when the film is fed in the first direction, the density detector is worked when the film is fed in the second direction. A detected image density is adapted for determining an exposure value at which each image is picked up to reproduce the image.

Abstract: A camera divides a light beam having passed through a taking lens unit into two light beams. One light beam forms an image on a silver salt film. Another light beam forms an image on a CCD. A light path for said another light beam is provided with an aperture diaphragm. The taking lens unit has an aperture diaphragm. Said two aperture diaphragms are correlatively controlled by a controller incorporated in the camera.

Abstract: An apparatus for reproducing images recorded on successive frames of a film recorded with information, the apparatus includes a film feeder which feeds the film in a first direction and a second direction opposite to the first direction; an information reader which reads the recorded information; a density detector which detects a density of each image; and a controller which controls the film feeder, information reader, and density detector. The information reader is worked when the film is fed in the first direction, the density detector is worked when the film is fed in the second direction. A detected image density is adapted for determining an exposure value at which each image is picked up to reproduce the image.

Abstract: An image reproducing apparatus is adapted for reproducing a photographed image recorded on a film, the film having photographic information about the photographed image. The apparatus includes a reproducer for reproducing the photographed image recorded on the film, a reader for reading the photographic information from the film, a corrector for correcting the quality of the photographed image, a setter for setting a correction for the corrector based on the photographic information, and a controller for controlling the corrector to reproduce the photographed image in accordance with the set correction.

Abstract: The present invention is intended to provide a method for putting an optical head in a stationary state, and an optical disk drive apparatus for doing so without the need of a dedicated sensor for detecting an absolute position of the optical head in the radial direction of the optical disk or a device for fixing the head.

Abstract: An optical disk drive apparatus operable under track following mode and seek mode wherein, upon the detection of a track following operation error, a seek operation is initiated for seeking a new target track at a predetermined number of tracks distant from the current track. The seek operation is controlled to follow a velocity profile thus regaining control over an optical head that may have been jolted into an out of control velocity when the track following error occurred. The velocity profile provides for a reduced velocity as the target track is approached. The new target track is selected at a relatively large number of tracks distant from the current track if the head velocity is high and at a relatively small number of current tracks if the head velocity is low. If the current track is sensed to be an outer track, the new target track is selected toward the inner track and if the current track is sensed to be an inner track, the new target track is selected to be an outer track.

Abstract: An optical disk drive includes a gain control for controlling the gain of a focus servo loop in response to the seek velocity of an optical head. At a low seek velocity, the focus servo gain is reduced to minimize the influence of beam scattering on the groove of an optical disk onto a focusing error signal (FES) and a tracking error signal (TES).

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical disk drive apparatus, and a method for driving the same, which makes the most of the ability of acceleration and deceleration in an actuator in a simple system configuration to realize fast seek operation of high reliability. An optical disk drive apparatus according to the present invention provides the means for determining whether the number of tracks from a current track to a target track is smaller than the predetermined number and the means for driving the fine actuator in the tracking direction under the velocity control based on a tracking error signal if the number of tracks from the current track to the target track is smaller than the predetermined number.

Abstract: In this invention, a driving circuit for moving a head in the radial direction on the recording surface of a disk is coupled to a velocity detecting circuit for detecting the velocity at which the head moves. A velocity profile is provided for storing information on the target velocity of the head. A driving signal generating circuit is coupled to the velocity profile and the velocity detecting circuit for comparing a signal from the velocity detecting circuit with a signal from the velocity profile. The driving signal generating circuit outputs a driving signal to the driving circuit based on the result of the comparison. A controller is coupled to the driving circuit for measuring a time required for moving the head a predetermined distance at a predetermined reference value, and modifying the driving signal based on the result of the comparison. Scatter in feedback quantities or fluctuation in the driving signal during velocity control is thereby corrected.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for initializing disk drive apparatus wherein a pickup head is positioned near the mid-range of tracks on a disk by moving the head at power-on to an innermost track and thereafter moving the head outwardly. As outward movement begins, a tracking error signal is sensed to indicate a track crossing, and the number of tracks crossed are counted until the head is at the mid-range of tracks. A velocity profile is used to speed movement of the head to its destination.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a consolidating agent injecting apparatus having a nozzle mounted at the end of a pipe. The apparatus is inserted in a guide hole formed in the ground and the nozzle injects a high pressure jet liquid in a radial direction. The injecting direction of the nozzle is downwardly inclined from the horizontal direction within a range from 15 to 45 degrees. The present invention also relates to a ground improving injecting apparatus having first and second nozzles, mounted at the end of a pipe, for injecting a high pressure liquid and a ground improving injection liquid. The first nozzle comprises a plurality of annularly-arranged nozzles. The pipe is inserted into a hole dug in the ground and the high pressure liquid and the ground improving injection liquid are injected from the first and second nozzles.

Abstract: A video camera comprising a taking lens, an image taking circuit which generates a video signal by receiving a light having passed through the taking lens, a knee correction circuit which compresses a video signal generated by the image taking circuit and having a level as high as or higher than a predetermined level, a detection circuit which detects a luminance distribution condition of a field, a pedestal adjusting circuit which adjusts a black level of the video signal generated by the image taking circuit and a control circuit which changes a compression method of a video signal in the knee correction circuit and an adjusting method of the black level in the pedestal adjusting circuit according to a luminance distribution condition of a field detected by the detection circuit. According to the present invention, it is possible to perform various controls in response to a luminance condition of a field.

Abstract: The invention is a positive peak level comparator for generating a positive peak pulse when a TES (Tracking Error Signal) is higher than a predetermined positive level, a negative peak level comparator for generating a negative peak pulse when the TES is lower than a predetermined negative level, and a logic circuit for generating an output pulse when said positive peak pulse and said negative peak pulse have been alternately input thereto. The arrangement prevents the TES from being miscounted even if the TES is distrubed due to the occurrence of, for example, a noise at a level close to either said predetermined positive level or said predetermined negative level and either said peak pulse or said negative pulse is successively generated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for improving the ground of a large area. The method comprises the steps of inserting a pipe into a hole previously dug in the ground, injecting a high pressure liquid and a ground improving injection liquid from an injecting apparatus attached to the tip of the pipe, drawing up the pipe, grouting the ground, and injecting the ground improving injection liquid to thereby form an underground columnar consolidation body for improving the ground. The drawing-up operation of the pipe is executed while applying vertical vibration to the pipe. Thus, a consolidation body of a large area for improvement of the ground is obtained without concave and convex portions.

Abstract: A method of reusing a slurry in a ground improving method, wherein a hardening agent is injected into the ground, and wherein the muddy water (i.e., the slurry which is discharged) upon working is regenerated and again used as an injection material; namely, a hardening agent. By measuring the physical amount indicative of the permeability characteristic of the hardening agent contained in the slurry, an amount of hardening agent contained in the collected slurry (i.e., an amount of hardening agent to be collected) is calculated. Since the amount of collected hardening agent is calculated simultaneously with the collection of the slurry, the amount of hardening agent to be newly injected can be controlled in a real-time manner on the basis of the latest data (i.e., numerical value).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for improving the ground of a large area. The method comprises the steps of inserting a pipe into a hole previously dug in the ground, injecting a high pressure liquid and a ground improving injection liquid from an injecting apparatus attached to the tip of the pipe, drawing up the pipe, grouting the ground, and injecting the ground improving injection liquid to thereby form an underground columnar consolidation body for improving the ground. The drawing-up operation of the pipe is executed while applying vertical vibration to the pipe. Thus, a consolidation body of a large area for improvement of the ground is obtained without concave and convex portions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of improving the ground of a large section area. A double pipe, having a first nozzle directed in the lateral direction and a second nozzle surrounding the first nozzle, is inserted into a hole dug in the ground. A ground improving agent is injected at high pressure from the first nozzle through one pipe of the double pipe. A reproduced slurry, obtained by reproducing grouted slimes, is injected from the second nozzle through the other pipe of the double pipe at a lower pressure than the pressure of the ground improving agent. While rotating, the double pipe is lifted up from under ground. The ground improving agent, injected at the high pressure, is surrounded by the reproduced slurry injected at the lower pressure. The frictional resistance between the ground improving agent and the sediments is reduced, the arrival distance of the ground improving agent is increased, and the abrasive effect is obtained.