Abstract: A sampler introduces charged particles to be measured into an measuring apparatus for measuring charge distribution of the charged particles. The measuring apparatus has a main body, a guide member, and an electric field curtain generating section. The main body has a first opening at upper side and a second opening at lower side, the first opening being adapted to receive the charged particles, the second opening being adapted to discharge the charged particles. The guide member defines a path of the charged particles, the path extending vertically from the first opening to the second opening. The electric field curtain generating section generates an electric field curtain adjacent to a guide surface of the guide member.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a powdery/granular material flowability evaluation apparatus and a powdery/granular material flowability evaluation method capable of evaluating the flowability of a powdery/granular material in a dynamic state of the powdery/granular material.

Abstract: To provide a disk supporting apparatus, a disk holding apparatus and a disk apparatus whose planar dimension is minimized, and which can be manufactured simply and inexpensively. A plurality of supporting portions 44 inclines with respect to a top portion 46 as a vertex. A tray 26 is formed into a substantially triangular pyramid (three-dimensional) configuration, and a planar dimension of the tray 26 can be smaller than that of a conventional turntable. Accordingly, a plurality of disks can be mounted on the tray 26. The supporting portion 44 of the tray 26 can be placed in parallel to a door leaf without a slide mechanism that has conventionally been used for sliding a tray. Accordingly, a desired disk can be attached/detached merely by rotating and driving the tray 26, and a mechanism disposed at a stereo apparatus is made compact and manufactured inexpensively.

Abstract: A sampler introduces charged particles to be measured into an measuring apparatus for measuring charge distribution of the charged particles. The measuring apparatus has a main body, a guide member, and an electric field curtain generating section. The main body has a first opening at upper side and a second opening at lower side, the first opening being adapted to receive the charged particles, the second opening being adapted to discharge the charged particles. The guide member defines a path of the charged particles, the path extending vertically from the first opening to the second opening. The electric field curtain generating section generates an electric field curtain adjacent to a guide surface of the guide member.

Abstract: To provide a disk supporting apparatus, a disk holding apparatus and a disk apparatus whose planar dimension is minimized, and which can be manufactured simply and inexpensively.

Abstract: A glaze layer formed on the surface an alumina-based insulator of a resistor spark plug contains SiO2 (18 to 35% by weight), B2O3 (25 to 40% by weight), ZnO (10 to 25% by weight), BaO (7 to 20% by weight), Na2O (3 to 9% by weight), and K2O (3 to 9% by weight). Since the difference between the coefficients of linear expansion of the glaze and that of the alumina-based insulating material is relatively small, the glaze layer is less susceptible to cracks and the like. Also, since the glaze has a softening point lower than that of conventional lead-silicate-glass-based glaze, the glost-firing temperature can be as low as 800° to 950° C. Therefore, even in the case where glost firing is performed concurrently with a glass sealing step, a center electrode and a terminal metal piece are less susceptible to oxidation. Further, even though the content of the alkali metal component is high, a good insulating performance is obtained so that excellent flashover resistance is attained.

Abstract: A toner and a carrier are so combined together as to substantially satisfy the following formula (1), ##EQU1## wherein Qmax is a maximum amount of electric charge (.mu.C/g) of the toner, V.sub.T/C is a contact potential difference (V) of the toner to the carrier, .tau.r is a relaxation time constant (sec) of the toner, .tau.g is a charging time constant (sec) of the toner, and k is a coefficient (F) determined depending upon the kinds of the toner and the carrier. This method makes it possible to so combine the toner and the carrier together that the amount of electric charge of the two-component developing agent becomes a maximum based on the contact potential difference (V.sub.T/C) of the toner to the carrier.

Abstract: Hot melt adhesives containing petroleum resin tackifiers which are prepared by a process wherein (1) a C.sub.8 -- and/or C.sub.9 aromatic unsaturated hydrocarbon-containing feed (optionally containing up to 18 wt. % of C.sub.4 or C.sub.5 unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons) is first polymerized completely and thereafter a C.sub.5 -aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbon-containing feed is added, polymerization continued and the reactor effluent stripped to obtain the resin. The order of polymerization may be reversed.

Abstract: Petroleum Resins particularly effective for use as tackifiers for hot melt adhesives and in tackifiers for solvent-based pressure sensitive adhesives are prepared by a processWherein (1) a C.sub.8 - and/or C.sub.9 aromatic unsaturated hydrocarbon-containing feed (optionally containing up to 18 wt. % or C.sub.4 or C.sub.5 unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons) is first polymerized completely and thereafter a C.sub.5 -aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbon-containing feed is added, polymerization continued and the reactor effluent stripped to obtain the resin. The order of polymerization may be reversed.

Abstract: Petroleum Resins particularly effective for use as tackifiers for hot melt adhesives and in tackifiers for solvent-based pressure sensitive adhesives are prepared by a processWherein (1) a C.sub.8 - and/or C.sub.9 aromatic unsaturated hydrocarbon-containing feed (optionally containing up to 18 wt. % or C.sub.4 or C.sub.5 unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons) is first polymerized completely and thereafter a C.sub.5 -aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbon-containing feed is added, polymerization continued and the reactor effluent stripped to obtain the resin. The order of polymerization may be reversed.

Abstract: A classifier for particles includes a nozzle substantially in the shape of a rectangle in cross-section, through which a gas stream carrying particles to be separated flows. Finer particles exit through a slit in one side of the substantially rectangular nozzle. In alternative embodiments, more than one such slit may be provided in the nozzle, and/or the nozzle may be substantially angularly-shaped in cross-section.

Abstract: A powder-feeding method and apparatus according to which it is possible to provide one or a plurality of powder-feeding flows in which the powder is fed at a substantially constant rate which is of relatively small magnitude. A cone of powder is maintained substantially centrally of a disc which is rotated at a constant speed. A coarse scraper blade extends inwardly across the periphery of the disc into the cone of powder thereon substantially radially with respect to the disc so that the coarse scraper blade removes some powder on one side of the blade while leaving on the disc on the other side of the blade a layer of powder the depth of which is determined by the distance between the bottom edge of the coarse scraper blade and the top surface of the disc.