Abstract: A post-CMP cleaning process of a copper layer is to be performed as follows. An alkaline aqueous solution, a polycarboxylic acid, BTA, and an alkaline aqueous solution are sequentially brought into contact with a primary surface of a silicon substrate over which the copper layer is provided.

Abstract: The semiconductor device includes a first-conductivity-type region (an N-type well region, for example) and a first second-conductivity-type region (a P-type semiconductor substrate, for example) positioned to cover a lower surface of the first-conductivity-type region, a second second-conductivity-type region (a P-type well region, for example) that is positioned to surround the side faces of the first-conductivity-type region and is in contact with the first second-conductivity-type region, a guard ring that is electrically connected to the second second-conductivity-type region and is also electrically connected to a fixed potential terminal, an insulating film positioned to cover an upper surface of the first-conductivity-type region, and an analog element (a resistor element, for example) placed on the insulating film.

Abstract: A post-CMP cleaning process of a copper layer is to be performed as follows. An alkaline aqueous solution, a polycarboxylic acid, BTA, and an alkaline aqueous solution are sequentially brought into contact with a primary surface of a silicon substrate over which the copper layer is provided.

Abstract: It is an objective of the present invention to develop a Grifola-derived substance having advanced immunopotentiating activity and antitumor activity, which has a molecular weight lower than that of a conventionally known glucan-protein complex and is structurally different from such complex. A Grifola-derived low-molecular-weight substance is produced by the following steps 1) to 4): 1) a step of thermally extracting mycelia or fruit bodies of Grifola with water; 2) a step of adding alcohol to the obtained water-soluble extract fraction to a final concentration between 10% and 80% by volume, allowing the resulting solution to stand at a temperature between 1° C. and 40° C.

Abstract: A post-CMP cleaning process of a copper layer is to be performed as follows. An alkaline aqueous solution, a polycarboxylic acid, BTA, and an alkaline aqueous solution are sequentially brought into contact with a primary surface of a silicon substrate over which the copper layer is provided.

Abstract: A post-CMP cleaning process of a copper layer is to be performed as follows. An alkaline aqueous solution, a polycarboxylic acid, BTA, and an alkaline aqueous solution are sequentially brought into contact with a primary surface of a silicon substrate over which the copper layer is provided.

Abstract: A post-CMP cleaning process of a copper layer is to be performed as follows. An alkaline aqueous solution, a polycarboxylic acid, BTA, and an alkaline aqueous solution are sequentially brought into contact with a primary surface of a silicon substrate over which the copper layer is provided.

Abstract: An acupuncture needle gives skin a favorable stimulus without invading the skin when in contact with or pressed against the skin. The acupuncture needle includes a base plate and projections formed on a surface of the base plate integrally therewith. Each of the projections have elasticity and includes a base portion and a substantially cylindrical head portion formed on the base portion. The head portion has a flat top surface substantially parallel to the surface of the base plate and a side perpendicular to the surface f the base plate. The base portion has an inwardly depressed external curved line in a central vertical section and a diameter in a transverse cross section gradually becoming larger toward the surface of the base plate. The projections sway in a direction substantially parallel to the skin when the acupuncture needle is in contact with or pressed against the skin.

Abstract: A post-CMP cleaning process of a copper layer is to be performed as follows. An alkaline aqueous solution, a polycarboxylic acid, BTA, and an alkaline aqueous solution are sequentially brought into contact with a primary surface of a silicon substrate over which the copper layer is provided.

Abstract: It is an objective of the present invention to develop a Grifola-derived glucan-protein complex that has a molecular weight lower than that of a conventionally known high-molecular-weight glucan-protein complex and has advanced immunopotentiating activity and antitumor activity. The glucan-protein complex of interest was obtained through the following 1) to 5): 1) a step of thermally extracting mycelia or fruit bodies of Grifola with water; 2) a step of adding alcohol to the obtained water-soluble extract fraction to a final concentration between 20% and 70% by volume, allowing the resulting solution to stand at a temperature between 1° C. and 25° C.

Abstract: An antitumor substance having high immunopotentiating activity, extracted and fractionated from mycelia or fruit bodies of Grifola with water can be obtained by adding alcohol to its extract at a final concentration of 20 to 60%, preferably at a final concentration of 20 to 50% by volume (low-concentration addition) to remove floating or adhering matter from it.

Abstract: This Invention is to provide a proteoglucan and an antidiabetes drug containing the proteoglucan, as an active ingredient, which possess an excellent effect against non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. The proteoglucan under this Invention has .beta.-1,6 main chain with .alpha.-1,4 branched, with the average molecular weight of 2.times.10.sup.5, acting positive both in anthrone-sulfuric acid method and Lowry's method, having the chemical structure as indicated in the following general formula. ##STR1## The above proteoglucan is obtained easily through the hot-water extraction from fruit body and/or mycellium of Maitake and/or Chorei Maitake. This proteoglucan has an activity to ameliorate the glucose transport and bioavailability at myocardium, skeltal muscles and fat tissue cells, etc. of the patient with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, and is very useful as a pharmaceutical composition to treat and/or prevent from non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.