Abstract: A substrate treating apparatus includes a cleaning medium feed mechanism having a discharge nozzle for discharging warm water as a cleaning medium toward a substrate. The discharge nozzle is reciprocable between a position opposed to the center of rotation of the substrate held and rotated by a spin chuck and a position opposed to the edge of the substrate. The discharge nozzle is connected to a deionized water source through a solenoid valve and a heater. Deionized water fed from the deionized water source is heated warm and supplied to the substrate through the discharge nozzle.

Abstract: Route nets having at least one current path through which a current flows are extracted from among a plurality of route nets each representing a line that interconnects elements of an electronic circuit in electrical connecting relationship from information on an electronic schematic. The extracted route nets is separated into a first subnet of lines where currents flow and a second subnet of lines where no currents flow. A route is determined for each of the first and second subnets. Points on the routes for the first and second subnets are interconnected by another route.

Abstract: A soft spray nozzle discharging a cleaning mist is vertically directed and fixed to an arm. A rinse nozzle discharging rinsing deionized water for suppressing obstruction is vertically fixed to the arm at a prescribed distance from the soft spray nozzle. During cleaning, it follows that both nozzles discharge detergents while keeping relative layout relation. Therefore, the discharged cleaning mist and rinsing deionized water do not interfere with each other before reaching the substrate but the used detergents are entirely horizontally splashed and recovered in a cup. Thus, the cleaning mist is prevented from scattering and adhering to the periphery.

Abstract: A removal liquid is supplied to a substrate on which a thin film formed is patterned by dry etching using a resist film as a mask, and cleaning is made with de-ionized water, thereby removing a reaction product generated on the surface of the substrate. After that, the processed substrate is heated, thereby completely drying the substrate from which the reaction product has been eliminated.

Abstract: A removal liquid is supplied to a substrate on which a thin film formed is patterned by dry etching using a resist film as a mask, and cleaning is made with de-ionized water, thereby removing a reaction product generated on the surface of the substrate. After that, the processed substrate is heated, thereby completely drying the substrate from which the reaction product has been eliminated.

Abstract: Reaction products produced under dry etching attach to a substrate undergoing dry etching. It is necessary to remove the reaction products for the next step. Therefore, in the case of the background art, the processing of supplying a remover for reaction products, an intermediate rinse for washing away the remover, and deionized water to a substrate in order is performed.

Abstract: The substrate processing apparatus is provided with a gas-liquid mixing nozzle for generating a process liquid mist by mixing a liquid and a pressurized gas, to discharge the process liquid mist to a substrate at high speeds. The liquid may be remover liquid, intermediate rinse liquid or deionized water. The reaction products which having been generated on the substrate in etching process is removed at high speeds with the flow of the mist, whereby the quality of the process is improved.

Abstract: Route nets having at least one current path through which a current flows are extracted from among a plurality of route nets each representing a line that interconnects elements of an electronic circuit in electrical connecting relationship from information on an electronic schematic. The extracted route nets is separated into a first subnet of lines where currents flow and a second subnet of lines where no currents flow. A route is determined for each of the first and second subnets. Points on the routes for the first and second subnets are interconnected by another route.

Abstract: To provide a method capable of easily analyzing frictional energy of a rolling tire, in-plane pressure Pxy(L) and vertical pressure Pz(L) at one point of a tread produced by rolling the tire are measured, static frictional force R(L) is calculated and the frictional energy is calculated by determining a portion corresponding to the static frictional force R(L) equal to or larger than a primary maximum value as a slipping region LR.

Abstract: An atmosphere concentration monitoring system includes multiple measurement ports for collecting atmospheric gas, a port selector for switching the multiple measurement ports, a concentration measurement unit for sampling the atmospheric gas through the selected measurement port and measuring the concentration of a specific substance contained in the sampled atmospheric gas. A different set of measurement conditions are established for each of the measurement ports. The port selector and the concentration measurement unit are controlled according to the different sets of measurement conditions. A life determination device includes a flow rate determination unit for measuring a flow rate of the atmospheric gas passing through the atmosphere processing unit. A throughput of the atmosphere processing unit is determined by integrating, with respect to time, a product of the flow rate and a difference between the upstream and downstream concentrations.

Abstract: A rubber filler in the tire bead portions is formed by a hard rubber filler having JIS A hardness of at least 85, and a soft rubber filler having JIS A hardness of 65-75. An outer end C of the interface between the hard and soft rubber fillers is placed to be higher than the upper end of a rim flange and at least 10 mm lower than an end D of a turned-up steel cord carcass, in a cross section of the bead portion of the tire. Further, 1.0 La.ltoreq.Lb.ltoreq.2.0 La, where Lb represents the distance B-E from an inner-surface-side end B of the interface between a rubber bead cover and carcass topping rubber of a carcass ply to an inner-surface-side end E of the interface between the hard and soft rubber fillers, and where La represents the distance D-A from the end D of the turned-up carcass to an outer-surface-side end A of the interface between the rubber bead cover and the carcass topping rubber.

Abstract: An apparatus for flying a flying body imitating a raptor such as a hawk and an eagle to scare birds such as doves and crows to inhibit these birds from approaching. Concretely, the flying body is mounted to a hanging wire is adjusted in rotational speed and paying-out amount whereby a highly varying flying mode is realized, and a guide rail is constructed in a desired configuration to permit the flying body to be mounted to a self-propelled device housed in the guide rail or to a drive cable whereby the flying body is made to fly along the guide rail. Further, a power source of the apparatus is controlled by a timer or an illumination sensor, which acts to measure outdoor illumination, to enable the flying body to fly in conformity with a period of time, in which birds are active, so that the apparatus is made reasonable. In addition, a sensor is installed which senses approaching birds, and a sensing signal by the sensor permits the flying body to fly, so that it is possible to achieve power saving.

Abstract: The present invention provides a degassing apparatus having a temperature regulating function. The degassing apparatus includes a number of gas permeating tubes for enabling a processing solution to flow through one of the two flow paths partitioned by gas permeating membranes that allow permeation of a gas but prevent permeation of a liquid, while enabling warm water to flow through the other flow path. A temperature regulator regulates the temperature of the warm water fed to the gas permeating tubes, and a gas suction pump sucks the gas from the warm water.

Abstract: A method of processing a substrate includes the steps of developing a substrate having a photo-sensitive resin film formed on its surface; washing the substrate by supplying washing liquid to the surface of the substrate, and rotating the substrate on a perpendicular axis in a horizontal plane and thereby drying the surface of the substrate, and atmosphere in which the substrate is placed is adjusted to be at a pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure in the step of drying the surface of the substrate. Instead of or in addition to this, washing liquid in which prescribed gas is dissolved may be used in the step of washing the substrate. In this case, in the step of drying the surface of the substrate, washing liquid supplied to the surface of the substrate is preferably supersaturated with gas. A substrate processing apparatus including a controller for implementing such a method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire for trucks, buses, etc. having a tread profile, before inflation, which has a first circular arc forming a tread center area and second circulr arcs forming shoulder ribs at both sides of the first circular arc, the first and second circular arcs intersecting together at a point from which the shoulder rib starts to extend and inwardly of which there is a 1/4 tread width point from a tread center axis, the first and second circular arcs having an inner radial divergence, between an inside wall top of an outermost main groove and the intersecting point, of up to 3 mm and an outer edge divergence, between an outer edge of the shoulder rib and an elongated line of the first circular arc, of up to 10 mm, whereby a good river wear resistance is attained.

Abstract: An aromatic polyester comprising the repeating units (A), (B), (C) and (D) represented by the following formulae in amounts of 0 to 80 mole %, 10 to 50 mole %, 5 to 50 mole % and 0 to 30 mole %, respectively, having a logarithmic viscosity of 1.0 dl/g or more and capable of being melt-molded at a temperature of 350.degree. C. or less: ##STR1## where R represents a C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkylene, and--O--AR--O-- (D)where Ar represents a divalent aromatic residue, and a process for producing the same. The aromatic polyesters according to the present invention combine moldability and heat resistance in a good state and have mechanical properties of sufficient practical value. An aromatic polyester according to the present invention shows optical anisotropy at a molten state.

Abstract: An aromatic polyester superior in heat resistance and melt-moldability is obtained by carrying out the polycondensation reaction withComponent A consisting of at least one compound having the formula, ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, formyl, acetyl, propionyl or benzoyl, and R.sub.2 is hydrogen, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl or a C.sub.6 -C.sub.18 aryl, or a mixture containing not less than 50% by mole of said compound,Component B consisting of at least one compound having any one of the formulas, ##STR2## wherein R.sub.3 is hydroxyl, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyloxy, a C.sub.6 -C.sub.18 aryloxy or halogen, or a mixture containing not less than 50% by mole of said compound, andComponent C consisting of at least one compound having the formula,R.sub.4 O--A.sub.1 --OR.sub.4wherein A.sub.1 is a divalent aromatic residue, and R.sub.4 is hydrogen, acetyl, propionyl or benzoylin a reaction vessel at a temperature of 270.degree. C. to 380.degree. C.

Abstract: An aromatic polyester of good processability and heat resistance is prepared by charging starting materials in a reaction vessel, carrying out polycondensation reaction in the vessel until the flow temperature of the produced aromatic polyester falls in the temperature range of from 240.degree. C. to a temperature of 20.degree. C. below the reaction temperature and discharging the reaction product from the vessel in the molten state.The aromatic polyester obtained by the present invention can be used molded into various forms such as fiber, film, etc. In addition, compositions comprising this aromatic polyester and glass fibers, mica, talc, silica, potassium titanate, wollastonite, calcium carbonate, quartz, iron oxide, graphite, carbon fibers, etc. can be used in machine parts, electric and electronic parts and automobile parts because of their excellent mechanical properties, electric properties, chemical resistance and oil resistance.

Abstract: Aromatic polyester fibers having high strength and high modulus of elasticity can be obtained stably for a long period of time by melt spinning by using a screw type extruder having a screw which has a compression ratio of 2.5 to 4.0 and thereby inhibiting entrapment in the resultant molten polyester of gases present in or on prowders, granules or pellets being melted, and by back pressure of the molten polyester sending gas generated by decomposition of the molten polyester to a back portion of the extruder, and then extruding and melt spinning the molten polyester at a temperature of 280.degree. C. to 420.degree. C.