Abstract: An electrophotographic roller comprising a substrate and a foam layer on an outer peripheral surface of the substrate, the foam layer constituting an outer surface of the electrophotographic roller, the foam layer comprising cells each of which opens on the outer surface, and the foam layer having a zero-point charge measured using a standard carrier of 40 ?C/g or more.

Abstract: A device includes an image processing unit configured to calculate color information of at least one cell in a captured image and a determination unit configured to determine a cultured state of the cell on the basis of the color information calculated by the image processing unit.

Abstract: A device includes: a distribution information acquiring part configured to acquire, based on an image in which a plurality of cells that are cultivated in a predetermined area are imaged, distribution information relating to a distribution in the predetermined area of the plurality of cells; and a determination part configured to determine a cultivated state of the plurality of cells based on the distribution information acquired by the distribution information acquiring part.

Abstract: A power supply system includes a system control unit, an auxiliary power supply, and an auxiliary-power-supply control unit. The system control unit and the auxiliary-power-supply control unit are configured such that information of at least one control unit of the system control unit and the auxiliary-power-supply control unit is able to be output to another control unit of the system control unit and the auxiliary-power-supply control unit. The at least one control unit is configured to output information indicating that an operation of the at least one control unit is stopped to the other control unit when the at least one control unit stops the operation of the at least one control unit.

Abstract: A compound represented by the following Formula (1) that is effective for the treatment of Paget's disease of bone or hypercalcemia or a medically acceptable solvate thereof; [wherein R1 refers to hydrogen atom, C1-C6 alkyl group optionally substituted with hydrogen group or C1-C6 alkoxy group optionally substituted with hydroxyl group, R2a and R2b refer to hydrogen atom, C1-C10 alkyl group optionally substituted with hydroxyl group, C6-C10 aryl group optionally substituted with hydroxyl group or C7-C12 aralkyl group optionally substituted with a hydroxyl group, or are combined to represent ethylene group. However, a compound in which R1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group and R2a and R2b are hydrogen atoms is excluded].

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to synthesize novel vitamin D derivatives. According to the present invention, there are provided vitamin D derivatives represented by the following general formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 may be the same or different, and each represents a straight chain or branched chain alkyl group optionally substituted by a hydroxyl group, and R3 represents a straight chain or branched chain alkyl group optionally substituted by a hydroxyl group.

Abstract: A compound represented by the following Formula (1) that is effective for the treatment of Paget's disease of bone or hypercalcemia or a medically acceptable solvate thereof; [wherein R1 refers to hydrogen atom, C1-C6 alkyl group optionally substituted with hydrogen group or C1-C6 alkoxy group optionally substituted with hydroxyl group, R2a and R2b refer to hydrogen atom, C1-C10 alkyl group optionally substituted with hydroxyl group, C6-C10 aryl group optionally substituted with hydroxyl group or C7-C12 aralkyl group optionally substituted with a hydroxyl group, or are combined to represent ethylene group. However, a compound in which R1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group and R2a and R2b are hydrogen atoms is excluded].

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to synthesize vitamin D derivatives in which the 3-position is substituted with methyl and the steric configuration at the 20-position is epimerized. The present invention provides vitamin D derivatives of Formula (1): wherein R is straight or branched alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy.

Abstract: Provided are 1,25-dihydroxy-2-methylvitamin D3 derivatives expressed by the general formula (I), [wherein each of R1 and R2 is independently a hydrogen atom or a tri(C1 to C7 alkyl)silyl group; herein configurations of asymmetric carbons at the 1-, 2- and 3-positions are each independently ?-configuration or ?-configuration] and their production methods. The compound is useful as a treating agent for osteoporosis, rickets, hyperthyroidism, etc.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there are provided vitamin D derivatives represented by the following general formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 may be the same or different, and each represents a straight chain or branched chain alkyl group optionally substituted by a hydroxyl group, and R3 represents a straight chain or branched chain alkyl group optionally substituted by a hydroxyl group.

Abstract: A vitamin D derivative which has a methyl group in the 1-position and has an epi form in the 20-position. The vitamin D derivative is represented by the general formula (1): wherein R represents linear or branched alkyl optionally substituted by hydroxy.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to synthesize a novel vitamin D3 derivative having a substituent at the 2?-position. The present invention provides vitamin D derivatives represented by-Formula (I): wherein R1 represents a saturated aliphatic C1-15hydrocarbon group optionally substituted with 1 to 3 hydroxy or protected hydroxy groups; and R2 represents a saturated aliphatic C1-10hydrocarbon group optionally substituted with one or more substituents, which may be the same or different and which are selected from the group consisting of a hydroxy group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a lower alkoxy group, an amino group and an acylamino group, provided that when R2 represents a saturated aliphatic C1hydrocarbon group, R2 is substituted with at least one substituent.

Abstract: Object of the present invention is to synthesize novel vitamin D derivatives. The present invention provides 5,6-trans-2-alkyl-substituted vitamin D derivatives of Formula (1): wherein R1 is straight or branched-chain alkyl; and R2 is straight or branched-chain alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to synthesize vitamin D derivatives in which the 3-position is substituted with methyl and the steric configuration at the 20-position is epimerized.

Abstract: The present invention provides a peptide represented by the amino acid sequence formula (A): H-X1-X2-X3-X4-Gly-X6-X7-Asp-Gln-R  (A) wherein: each of X1 and X3 independently represents Arg or Lys, each of X2, X4 and X6 independently represents Ile or Leu, and X7 represents Phe, Tyr or Trp; and R represents -NH2, -Leu-NH2, -Leu-Ser-NH2, -Leu-Ser-Lys-NH2, -Leu-Ser-Arg-NH2, -Leu-Ser-Lys-Leu-NH2, or -Leu-Ser-Arg-Leu-NH2; and a salt thereof. (In the above, Gly stands for a glycine residue, Asp stands for an aspartic acid residue, Gln stands for a glutamine residue, Arg stands for an arginine residue, Lys stands for a lysine residue, Ile stands for an isoleucine residue, Leu stands for a leucine residue, Phe stands for a phenylalanine residue, Tyr stands for a tyrosine residue, Trp stands for a tryptophan residue, and Ser stands for a serine residue.) The peptide acts on glutamate receptors and is expected to be useful in the treatment of cerebral nerve diseases associated with glutamic acid.

Abstract: Object of the present invention is to synthesize novel vitamin D derivatives.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to synthesize a novel vitamin D derivative having a substituent at the 2&agr;-position.

Abstract: There are disclosed 6,19-epidioxyvitamin D.sub.3 derivatives which are represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group; when R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom, R.sub.2 represents a hydroxyl group and R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group; when both R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represent a hydroxyl group, R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group; and when R.sub.1 is a hydroxyl group and R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom, R.sub.3 represents a hydroxyl group. The compounds are highly capable of inducing differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cells with minimum effects on calcium metabolism and are useful as an agent to treat leukemia.

Abstract: A 24,25-dihydroxycholestane derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is a steroid residue and R is an aryl group and a process for preparation of the same are disclosed. The derivatives are an intermediate for synthesis of 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol having useful physicological activity like that of vitamin D.sub.3. 24,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol can be produced in an industrially advantageous method via the intermediate which is easily prepared from commercially available starting compounds.

Abstract: A novel vitamin D.sub.3 derivative of the formula ##STR1## (wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or a hydroxyl group) which exhibits strong biological activity like that of vitamin D and is useful as a medicine; and a process for producing the same are disclosed.