Abstract: A lubricant, which includes an ionic liquid including a conjugate base and a conjugate acid, wherein the conjugate acid is represented by General Formula (A) below, and wherein a pKa of an acid that is a source of the conjugate base in acetonitrile is 10 or less, where, in General Formula (A), R1, R2, and R3 are each independently a group including a hydrocarbon group, with the proviso that at least one of the hydrocarbon groups in R1, R2, and R3 is a straight-chain hydrocarbon group having 6 or greater carbon atoms.

Abstract: A pattern formed body, including a cured resin layer 12 having a low surface free energy region a and a high surface free energy region b on a base 11, in which a difference in surface free energy between the low surface free energy region a and the high surface free energy region b is greater than 6 mJ/m2, and the low surface free energy region a and the high surface free energy region b are optically leveled surfaces. Accordingly, an ink is applied on the pattern formed body to easily color code.

Abstract: The present application provides a photocurable resin composition for transferring surface free energy, the photocurable resin composition including a first compound exhibiting low surface free energy, a second compound exhibiting surface free energy higher than the surface free energy of the first compound, and a photopolymerization initiator, wherein a difference in transmittance of the photocurable resin composition to a wavelength of 450 nm between before and after addition of the first compound is less than 79.3%, and a method for producing a substrate using the photocurable resin composition.

Abstract: A lubricant including an ionic liquid, which includes a conjugate acid (B+) and a conjugate base (X?), and is protic, wherein the ionic liquid is represented by the following general formula (1): where R1 and R2 each represent a hydrogen atom or R1 and R2 form a benzene ring together with carbon atoms to which R1 and R2 are bonded, and R3 represents a straight-chain hydrocarbon group having 10 or more carbon atoms in the general formula (1).

Abstract: A lubricant including: an ionic liquid, which includes a conjugate acid (B+) and a conjugate base (X?), and is protic, wherein the ionic liquid is represented by the following general formula (1), and wherein the conjugate base is a conjugate base of sulfonic acid, a conjugate base of sulfonimide, or a conjugate base of trisulfonylmethide: where R1 and R2 each represent a hydrogen atom or R1 and R2 form a benzene ring together with carbon atoms to which R1 and R2 are bonded, R3 represents a to straight-chain hydrocarbon group having 10 or more carbon atoms, and R4 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group in the general formula (1).

Abstract: A conductor composition ink of the invention includes: (A) a fluorine-containing compound to form a self-assembled monomolecular film; (B) metal particles; and (C) a solvent.

Abstract: An ink cartridge comprises a main body comprising a first surface, a second surface, and a chamber, configured to store ink, disposed between the first surface and the second surface; an ink outlet portion disposed on the first surface of the main body configured to direct the ink from the chamber to an exterior of the main body; and an electronic circuit board disposed on the main body. The electronic circuit board comprises an electrical interface, a first portion facing a second direction that intersects a first plane that is perpendicular to the first direction, a second portion facing a third direction away from the ink outlet portion that intersects a second plane that is parallel to the first direction, and a connecting portion between the first portion and the second portion. The electrical interface is disposed on an area of the electronic circuit board including the connecting portion.

Abstract: A lubricant including an ionic liquid, which contains a conjugate acid (B+) and a conjugate base (X?) and is aprotic, wherein the conjugate acid contains a straight-chain hydrocarbon group having 10 or more carbon atoms, and wherein an acid that is a source of the conjugate base has a pKa in water of 0 or less.

Abstract: Provided is a frame structure for a vehicle including: a pair of main side rails which extends in the vehicle longitudinal direction and faces each other; and an extension side rail which is connected to a front portion of the main side rail in the vehicle longitudinal direction and extends in the vehicle longitudinal direction, wherein the extension side rail is formed so as to have a substantially C-shaped cross-section and is formed so that a front portion is lower than a rear portion in the vehicle longitudinal direction.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus which utilizes a communication device is disclosed. A communication unit of a housing which corresponds to an antenna portion is provided at a position at which the communication unit can be seen without obstruction from the upper side. A communication device such as a smartphone can be brought close to or into contact with the communication unit readily. Accordingly, wireless communication between the antenna portion and the communication device can be established.

Abstract: A lubricant including an ionic liquid, which includes a conjugate acid (B+) and a conjugate base (X?), and is protic, wherein the conjugate acid includes a straight-chain hydrocarbon group having 10 or more carbon atoms, and wherein the conjugate base is represented by the following general formula (1): where n is an integer of from 0 to 6 in the general formula (1).

Abstract: A liquid consuming apparatus includes a liquid container, a detector, and a controller. The liquid container includes a movable member, and the movable member includes a detection portion. The detector is configured to output a detection signal based on the presence or absence of the detection portion in a detection position. The controller is configured to measure, based on the detection signal output from the detector, a physical quantity, based on which a velocity of the detection portion can be specified, and is configured to determine whether the physical quantity is within a threshold range.

Abstract: An ink containing device comprises an ink cartridge and an adaptor. The ink cartridge comprises a first main body comprising a chamber configured to store ink, an ink outlet portion disposed on a first surface of the first main body configured to direct the ink from the chamber to an exterior of the first main body wherein the first surface faces a first direction, and an electrical interface disposed on the first main body. The adaptor is configured to be in an attached state with the ink cartridge. The adaptor comprises a second main body comprising a first contact disposed on a particular surface facing a particular direction, and a second contact disposed on a further surface and electrically connected to the first contact, wherein the second contact is electrically connected to the electrical interface in the attached state.

Abstract: Clupak paper is manufactured using a gap-former paper-making machine equipped with a Clupak system, in such a way that its longitudinal tensile energy absorption index and lateral tensile energy absorption index as specified in JIS P8113 become 2.5 J/g or more and 1.0 J/g or more, respectively. The paper has excellent strength characteristics in both the longitudinal and lateral directions, especially in the longitudinal direction so that when the Clupak paper can be processed into a sack, the sack rarely breaks.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus which utilizes a communication device is disclosed. A communication unit of a housing which corresponds to an antenna portion is provided at a position at which the communication unit can be seen without obstruction from the upper side. A communication device such as a smartphone can be brought close to or into contact with the communication unit readily. Accordingly, wireless communication between the antenna portion and the communication device can be established.

Abstract: An ink cartridge comprises a main body comprising a first surface, a second surface, and a chamber, configured to store ink, disposed between the first surface and the second surface; an ink outlet portion disposed on the first surface of the main body configured to direct the ink from the chamber to an exterior of the main body; and an electronic circuit board disposed on the main body. The electronic circuit board comprises an electrical interface, a first portion facing a second direction that intersects a first plane that is perpendicular to the first direction, a second portion facing a third direction away from the ink outlet portion that intersects a second plane that is parallel to the first direction, and a connecting portion between the first portion and the second portion. The electrical interface is disposed on an area of the electronic circuit board including the connecting portion.

Abstract: A liquid consuming apparatus includes a liquid cartridge including a capillary portion having a first end configured to be in communication with the liquid chamber and a second end configured to be in communication with the atmosphere outside the liquid cartridge. The apparatus also includes a detector configured to output a detection signal based on the presence or absence of the liquid in a detection position in the capillary portion and a controller configured to measure, based on the detection signal output from the detector, a physical quantity, based on which a velocity of liquid moving in the capillary portion can be specified and determine whether the physical quantity is within a threshold range.

Abstract: A liquid cartridge includes a liquid chamber configured to store liquid therein, a liquid supply portion configured to supply the liquid from the liquid chamber to the outside of the liquid cartridge, an air communication portion configured to bring the liquid chamber into communication with the atmosphere outside the liquid cartridge, and a capillary portion having a first end configured to be in communication with the liquid chamber and a second end configured to be in communication with the atmosphere outside the liquid cartridge. The capillary portion is configured to move the liquid from the first end to the second end therethrough by capillary force when the liquid chamber is brought into communication with the atmosphere outside the liquid cartridge via the air communication portion.

Abstract: A liquid cartridge includes a movable member and the movable member includes a detection portion and an anchor. The liquid cartridge also includes a restriction member and the restriction member includes an operation portion and a restriction portion. When the operation portion is in a first position, the restriction portion is configured to contact the movable member such that the movement of the anchor is restricted within a restricted range. When the operation portion is in a second position, the restriction portion is configured to release the movable member such that the anchor is positioned in a free range which is below the restricted range.

Abstract: To provide a production method of a pattern-formed body, which can simply provide a pattern with surface free energy differences. A cured resin layer, to which a pattern of a master (20) has been transferred, is formed on a base (11), by applying a resin composition (12) containing a first compound exhibiting low surface free energy, and a second compound exhibiting surface free energy higher than the surface free energy of the first compound, on the base (11), and curing the resin composition (12) with bringing the resin composition into contact with a master (20), to which a pattern has been formed with surface free energy differences.