Abstract: A sensor which has high measuring sensitivity and is excellent in response is provided by forming a porous film in a sensitive section of a field-effect transistor. It comprises a porous body, which is formed on a sensitive section (here, a gate insulating film) of the field-effect transistor and has cylindrical pores which are formed almost perpendicularly to a substrate, and the field-effect transistor. It uses as a porous film a porous film which is made of a semiconductor material whose main component (except oxygen) is silicon, germanium, or a composite of silicon and germanium, or a porous film made of an insulation material whose main component is silicon oxide, which has pores perpendicular to the substrate.

Abstract: A semiconductor device array comprising highly densely arranged nano-size semiconductor devices is prepared by a simple method. The array comprises a porous body having cylinder-shaped pores formed by removing cylinder-shaped regions from a structure that includes a matrix member formed so as to contain silicon or germanium and the cylinder-shaped regions containing aluminum and dispersed in the matrix member, semiconductor regions formed in the pores, each having at least a p-n or p-i-n junction, and a pair or electrodes, arranged respectively on the top and at the bottom of the semiconductor regions. The semiconductor regions and the pair of electrodes form a plurality of semiconductor devices on a substrate.

Abstract: A novel structure is provided in which mesopores are oriented. Further a mesoporous film is provided which has two-branched diffraction peaks at intervals or 180° according to in-plane X-ray diffraction.

Abstract: The object is to fabricate a novel organic semiconductor element which can effectively utilize the main-chain conduction of a conjugated high molecular compound having semiconductor-like properties. Provided is an electronic element which contains, as components, a pair of electrodes which is formed on a substrate, a mesoporous film in which tubular mesopores, which are orientation controlled in one direction, are formed, the mesoporous film being formed between the electrodes so as to be in contact with the electrodes, a conjugated high molecular compound held in the tubular mesopores, and a third electrode which is electrically insulated from the conjugated high molecular compound and is in contact with the mesoporous film.

Abstract: A sensor comprising a semiconductor film having a plurality of mesopores and containing an oxide, and electrodes electrically connected to the semiconductor film, wherein at least part of surfaces in the mesopores is coated with an organic material.

Abstract: A mesostructured film is provided having a structure in which surfactant molecular assemblies are regularly arranged three-dimensionally. A polymer compound thin film is formed on the substrate surface through spin coating or the like, and a rotating roller wrapped with a cloth is pressed against the polymer film for rubbing in one direction. The polymer material includes polyimide, polyamide, and polystyrene. The substrate includes a silica glass substrate and a silicon substrate. The mesostructured film can be formed by retaining the substrate in an aqueous solution containing a surfactant, silicon alkoxide, and acid. After being retained in the solution, the substrate is heated at about 60 to 120° C. for several hours to several days for reaction. The surfactant includes C18H37 (OCH2CH2)200H and C16H33 (OCH2CH2) 200H. The alkoxide included tetraethoxysilane, tetramethoxysilane, and tetrapropoxysilane. Hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, or sulfuric acid is used as a catalyst.

Abstract: The invention provides a structured material characterized in having, on a substrate (11), a layer (12) having tubular (13) pores positioned uniaxially parallel to the interface of the substrate and the layer and supporting a conductive polymer material (14,21) having a function of a surfactant (22) therein. The invention also provides a method for producing the above structure material characterized by the steps of providing a substrate having the anisotropy on a surface, applying a solution containing a surfactant having a functional group for polymerization in the molecular structure, a solvent therefor, and a solute different from the surfactant to the substrate, and a step of standing for a predetermined time for causing the surfactant to assemble in a predetermined direction based on the anisotropy of the substrate.

Abstract: To obtain a microcolumnar structured material having a desired material. The columnar structured material includes columnar members 15 obtained by introducing a filler into columnar holes formed in a porous material. The porous material has the columnar holes 14 formed by removing columnar substances from a structured material in which the columnar substances 12 containing a first component are dispersed in a matrix member 13 containing a second component capable of forming a eutectic with the first component. The matrix member 13 may be removed. In the columnar structured material, the filler is a conductive material, and an electrode can be structured by electrically connecting the conductive materials in at least a part of a plurality of holes to a conductor.

Abstract: A particle having a large amount of biosubstances per unit volume has been needed for application to biosensors and the like. Accordingly, the present invention provides the particle comprising mesopores in which biosubstances are held and having a diameter ten times or less as large as the diameter of the mesopores.

Abstract: A sensor which has high measuring sensitivity and is excellent in response is provided by forming a porous film in a sensitive section of a field-effect transistor. It comprises a porous body, which is formed on a sensitive section (here, a gate insulating film) of the field-effect transistor and has cylindrical pores which are formed almost perpendicularly to a substrate, and the field-effect transistor. It uses as a porous film a porous film which is made of a semiconductor material whose main component (except oxygen) is silicon, germanium, or a composite of silicon and germanium, or a porous film made of an insulation material whose main component is silicon oxide, which has pores perpendicular to the substrate.

Abstract: An image forming process provides an excellent ink fixation effect for high speed, low energy consumption printing. Two-valued or multi-valued gradation expression of a picture element, or the smallest output unit, is realized by controlling the number of liquid droplets impacting on a recording medium for each dot formed on the recording medium. The liquid droplets are subjected to physical or chemical modification so as to be fixed to the recording medium. The present invention is also directed to an image forming apparatus, an ink for liquid droplet recording and a liquid droplet ejection and projection method that can use the image forming process.

Abstract: In order to provide an FET biosensor which enables the highly sensitive detection, the present invention employs a field-effect transistor comprising a source region, a drain region and a gate region, wherein the gate region employs a porous material having mesopores of which the walls contain crystals of tin oxide.

Abstract: A process for producing a pigment complex including the steps of dissolving a pigment in a supercritical state or subcritical state fluid and contacting the fluid containing the dissolved pigment with a polymer-containing solution.

Abstract: An excellent mesostructured thin film, and a process for producing the mesostructured thin film are provided. In the process, the mesostructured thin film having an oriented rod-like pore structure is formed on a surface of a polymer compound containing a sequence of two or more adjacent methylene groups in the repeating unit of the molecule.

Abstract: A polarized light-emitting layer that comprises a porous silica film formed on a substrate and a conjugated polymer held in the uniaxially oriented, tubular mesopores in the porous silica film. The film can emit fluorescence polarized in a direction parallel to the alignment direction of the mesopores. The film can act as a lasing layer with a low excitation threshold.

Abstract: A thermoelectric conversion material and a thermoelectric conversion device having a novel structure of an increased figure of merit are provided by forming nano-wires of thermoelectric material in a smaller cross-sectional size. The thermoelectric conversion material comprises nano-wires obtained by introducing a thermoelectric material (semiconductor material) into columnar pores of a porous body. The porous body is formed by providing a structure in which columns of a column-forming material containing a first component (for example, aluminum) are distributed in a matrix containing a second component (for example, silicon or germanium or a mixture of them) being eutectic with the first component, and then removing the column-forming material from the structure. The average diameter of the nano-wires of the thermoelectric material is 0.5 nm or more and less than 15 nm, and the spacing of the nano-wires is 5 nm or more and less than 20 nm.

Abstract: A semiconductor device has multi-layered interlayer insulating layers 3 formed on a semiconductor substrate 1, and wirings 4 formed in the interlayer insulating layers 3. The interlayer insulating layers 3 are composed of porous bodies having fine columnar pores and parent-material regions consisting mainly of silicon oxides surrounding the fine pores. The wirings 4 are composed of structures wherein columnar substances containing aluminum are dispersed in a base material containing silicon, or regions wherein an electrically conductive material is introduced in a portion of the porous bodies. The average diameter of the fine pores in the porous bodies is 1 nm or larger and 10 nm or smaller, and the average distance between the fine pores is 3 nm or larger and 15 nm or smaller. The fine pores in the porous bodies is formed perpendicularly, or substantially perpendicularly to the film surface on a semiconductor substrate 1.

Abstract: A method of forming, on a substrate, minute-sized columnar portions of a columnar structured material at minute intervals, and a columnar structured material formed by the manufacturing method. A columnar structured material is formed through an etching process in which a pattern of minute dots formed on the substrate is utilized as a mask. The pattern of the minute dots is obtained by introducing a mask material into columnar microholes of a porous film formed on the substrate and then removing the porous film. The porous film is formed by removing columnar substances from a structured material in which the columnar substances which are so formed as to contain a first component are dispersed in a matrix which is made of another component and is so formed as to contain a second component that can form a eutectic together with the first component.

Abstract: An excellent mesostructured thin film, and a process for producing the mesostructured thin film are provided. In the process, the mesostructured thin film having an oriented rod-like pore structure is formed on a surface of a polymer compound containing a sequence of two or more adjacent methylene groups in the repeating unit of the molecule.

Abstract: A coloring material (11, 12) carrying an anionic dye (15) on porous silica (16) having mesopores (13) of a uniform size, of which at least a part of the surface is covered with a material (14) capable of binding an anionic substance. The coloring material shows vivid color and is applicable to ink, electrophoretic particles and color filters.