Abstract: A high-resolution light-beam scanning apparatus utilizing only mass-producible holograms instead of utilizing auxiliary optical systems, and capable of compensating for disadvantages.

Abstract: A hologram of a virtual object or an object which actually exists is formed and a solid image is displayed. 3-dimensional information of the object to be displayed is divided into regions in the depth direction. Depth images are formed as 2-dimensional images where are seen from a plurality of points which are obtained by finely dividing the hologram forming surface for every region. A phase distribution at the hologram forming surface is calculated from the depth images and displayed on a liquid crystal display or the like as an electronic hologram. A reference light is irradiated onto the display and is converted into an optical wave front, thereby displaying a solid image. When forming a hologram recording medium, a zone image corresponding to each of the finely divided exposure regions of a dry plate is exposed multiple times.

Abstract: An apparatus for deflecting light of the present invention comprises: (a) at least one pair of transference electrodes arranged facing one another; (b) a drive circuit which applies a voltage among the transference electrodes; and (c) a liquid crystal which is inserted among the transference electrodes, and whose parallel stripes that function as a diffraction grating when the voltage is applied among the transference electrodes are produced at a pitch corresponding to the applied voltage. The light can be scanned if a diffracted light by the apparatus for deflecting light is converted into a scanning light and a voltage value is changed temporally to apply the voltage among the transference electrodes. In a device for reading information, the scanning light is reflected in a bar code and the reflected light is detected by an apparatus for detecting light.

Abstract: An image processing system is composed of a control unit for outputting a synchronizing signal, an input unit for inputting a plurality of images in which objects are viewed from various directions respectively, an image data storage unit for synchronizing the plurality of image data inputted from the input unit on the basis of the synchronizing signal inputted from the control unit and storing them continuously, a data compression unit for compressing the plurality of image data inputted from the image data storage unit by using a correlation among the image data and an interface unit for multiplexing the plurality of compressed data inputted from the data compression unit and outputting the multiplexed data to an external device.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for displaying a stereoscopic image, a plurality of 2-dimensional images having parallaxes in only horizontal directions are obtained and inputted when an object to be displayed is seen from different positions in the horizontal direction. The 2-dimensional image is divided in the vertical direction into 1-dimensional line images which are elongated in the horizontal direction. A phase distribution of a corresponding hologram segment is calculated from the pixels of the line image. The calculated phase distribution is displayed on a hologram forming surface of a phase displaying section using a display. A reproduction light is irradiated and converted into an optical wave front and is further enlarged in the vertical direction, thereby displaying a solid image. The 2-dimensional images are inputted by photographing the object by a plurality of cameras arranged in the horizontal direction.

Abstract: In a display section, a plurality of pixels of minimum display units to display a hologram phase distribution are arranged to thereby construct a cell to display one pixel of a 2-dimensional image, and cells are further two-dimensionally arranged to thereby construct a display image plane. 2-dimensional image data and hologram phase distribution data from an input section are given to a display data forming section. Corresponding 2-dimensional image data and a hologram phase distribution are displayed in a display region of a display section, thereby producing hologram data for allowing a solid image to be recognized by the optical wave front conversion. A display control section executes a display control for allowing the 2-dimensional image data and hologram data from the display data forming section to be displayed in the display section.

Abstract: A hologram of a virtual object or an object which actually exists is formed and a solid image is displayed. 3-dimensional information of the object to be displayed is divided into regions in the depth direction. Depth images are formed as 2-dimensional images where are seen from a plurality of points which are obtained by finely dividing the hologram forming surface for every region. A phase distribution at the hologram forming surface is calculated from the depth images and displayed on a liquid crystal display or the like as an electronic hologram. A reference light is irradiated onto the display and is converted into an optical wave front, thereby displaying a solid image. When forming a hologram recording medium, a zone image corresponding to each of the finely divided exposure regions of a dry plate is exposed multiple times.

Abstract: An image display to display a 2-dimensional image and a beam deflector to deflect the lights from the pixels constructing the image of the image display are provided. The beam deflector is arranged closely in front of the image display. A plurality of 2-dimensional images of different visual directions are sequentially displayed in the image display. The light from each pixel is deflected by the beam deflector synchronously with the display of the 2-dimensional image so that the light from each pixel is directed to the region in which the visual point has been set in order to obtain each image. The switching operation in this instance is executed at a high speed.

Abstract: A high-resolution light-beam scanning apparatus utilizing only mass-producible holograms instead of utilizing auxiliary optical systems, and capable of compensating for disadvantages.

Abstract: A hologram of a virtual object or an object which actually exists is formed and a solid image is displayed. 3-dimensional information of the object to be displayed is divided into regions in the depth direction. Depth images are formed as 2-dimensional images where are seen from a plurality of points which are obtained by finely dividing the hologram forming surface for every region. A phase distribution at the hologram forming surface is calculated from the depth images and displayed on a liquid crystal display or the like as an electronic hologram. A reference light is irradiated onto the display and is converted into an optical wave front, thereby displaying a solid image. When forming a hologram recording medium, a zone image corresponding to each of the finely divided exposure regions of a dry plate is exposed multiple times.

Abstract: A plurality of 2-dimensional images of different visual directions, when an object to be displayed is seen from different directions, are inputted to an input section by photographing an object using cameras. The 2-dimensional images are then subjected to enlargement, reduction, and movement of the coordinate position, thereby adjusting the size and position of the solid image. A phase distribution at a hologram forming surface is then calculated by a phase calculating section. The phase distribution is calculated from a plurality of 2-dimensional images of red, green, and blue components, and the reproduction light of each color is irradiated, thereby displaying a color solid image. The calculated phase distribution is expressed on a hologram forming surface of a phase expressing section using a display. A reproduction light is then irradiated and converted into an optical wave front, to thereby display a solid image.

Abstract: A space light modulating apparatus suitable for reconstruction of an electronic 1-dimensional hologram having no movable section. A predetermined display region is divided into a plurality of stripe-like regions each having a screen width L.sub.x in the horizontal direction and a microwidth .DELTA.L.sub.y in the vertical direction. A plurality of pixels each having a dimensional ratio such that a lateral width in the horizontal direction is enough smaller than a vertical width in the vertical direction are arranged in each of the stripe-like regions. Further, a driving element for controlling the optical characteristics is provided every pixel. A dimensional ratio in the vertical and horizontal directions of the pixels arranged in each stripe region is equal to or larger than 30:1.

Abstract: A space light modulating apparatus and a stereoscopic display apparatus which are used in a rewritable hologram stereoscopic display. A solid image can be properly displayed by a phase distribution of a low spatial frequency. A plurality of flat space light modulating units, each having a predetermined area for performing a wave front conversion while setting a position near the position of a cross point (center position) of a normal line from a virtual display surface of a non-flat shape to display the phase distribution into a producing position of a solid image, are arranged along the virtual display surface such as a cylindrical surface or a spherical surface.

Abstract: A diffraction light modulated by a plane type phase distribution display device is deflected by an image formation optical system and is formed as an image onto a cylindrical screen surface and is diffused in the vertical direction by a unidirectional light diffusing section such as a lenticular lens or the like, so that a stereoscopic image can be seen. As a phase distribution display device, a liquid crystal device having pixels on the order of the wavelength in the circumferential direction and having coarse pixels in the radial direction is used. Thus, it is equivalent to that the phase distribution display device is located on the cylindrical surface. A cylindrical stereoscopic display can be performed by using the plane phase distribution display device.

Abstract: A spatial light modulating apparatus to display a steroscopic image constructed by a light source section, a mirror section, and a light deflecting section. The device structures are two-dimensionally arranged on a substrate surface. The light source sections are 2-dimensionally arranged on the apparatus substrate at a predetermined period interval (P) and modulate a light intensity by an external signal, thereby displaying an image. The reflecting surfaces of the mirror sections are periodically arranged in correspondence to the light source sections. The mirror sections change the direction of each of the reflecting surfaces by an external signal, thereby angle modulating the incident light. Further, the light deflecting sections are arranged in the upper portion in the light emitting direction from the plurality of light source sections and allow the lights emitted from the light source sections to enter the corresponding mirror sections.

Abstract: A hologram of a virtual object or an object which actually exists is formed and a solid image is displayed. 3-dimensional information of the object to be displayed is divided into regions in the depth direction. Depth images are formed as 2-dimensional images where are seen from a plurality of points which are obtained by finely dividing the hologram forming surface for every region. A phase distribution at the hologram forming surface is calculated from the depth images and displayed on a liquid crystal display or the like as an electronic hologram. A reference light is irradiated onto the display and is converted into an optical wave front, thereby displaying a solid image. When forming a hologram recording medium, a zone image corresponding to each of the finely divided exposure regions of a dry plate is exposed multiple times.

Abstract: The position of a solid image which changes with the elapse of time is detected. The position of a virtual screen is set so that a distance from an object enters an allowable range such as to reduce a fatigue of an observer. A 2-dimensional image is formed at the set virtual screen position. A phase distribution is calculated at the hologram forming surface, thereby displaying a solid image. Even when the position of a solid image changes with the elapse of time, the fatigue of the eyes can be minimized.

Abstract: A laser beam passes through two holograms or through a hologram twice to reduce the ratio .lambda./d so that P-polarized light, as well as S-polarized light, can be diffracted with high diffraction efficiency and uses a hologram or holograms formed on a base plate and facilitates the separation of a stamper from the base plate in producing replicas of the hologram. A laser beam (5) passes through two holograms formed on a transparent base plate or through a hologram formed on a transparent base plate twice. The ratio .lambda./d, where .lambda. is the wavelength of the laser beam and d is the grating constant of the hologram, is in the range of 0.4 to 1.1.

Abstract: A headup display apparatus consists of a projection optical system unit installed in the dashboard of a car and a reflection member on the windshield. The projection optical system unit contains an indicator and an off-axis reflective hologram which reflects display light of the indicator toward the windshield, which in turn reflects it toward the viewing point of a driver. As a result, the display is seen superimposed on the exterior view. When external light as from the sun enters the projection optical system unit traveling in a direction reverse to the path of the display light, the off-axis reflective hologram reflects the incident external light toward a direction different from that of the outgoing display light to minimize an abnormal illumination of the indicator surface which would otherwise render the display unrecognizable. Behind the hologram is installed a heat dissipating member that receives infrared rays that have transmitted the hologram in order to dissipate heat.

Abstract: An image display to display a 2-dimensional image and a beam deflector to deflect the lights from the pixels constructing the image of the image display are provided. The beam deflector is arranged closely in front of the image display. A plurality of 2-dimensional images of different visual directions are sequentially displayed in the image display. The light from each pixel is deflected by the beam deflector synchronously with the display of the 2-dimensional image so that the light from each pixel is directed to the region in which the visual point has been set in order to obtain each image. The switching operation in this instance is executed at a high speed.