Abstract: A dye-sensitized solar cell includes: a first electrode including a porous semiconductor layer supporting a dye; a second electrode serving as a counter electrode of the first electrode; and an electrolyte solution filled between the first electrode and the second electrode. The electrolyte solution contains a silane coupling agent.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion element includes: a plate; and a wavelength conversion layer disposed on the plate and including: an inorganic matrix; an inorganic wavelength conversion material dispersed in the inorganic matrix and configured to emit light having a different wavelength than does incident light; and a polymer material in the inorganic matrix, wherein both the inorganic matrix and the polymer material are in contact with the plate.

Abstract: An photoelectric conversion element in the disclosure is characterized by including: a first conductive layer; a porous hole-blocking layer disposed on the first conductive layer; a porous insulator layer disposed on the porous hole-blocking layer; photoabsorption layers disposed in a pore of the porous hole-blocking layer and in a pore of the porous insulator layer and containing an organic-based photoelectric conversion material; an electron-blocking layer disposed on the porous insulator layer; and a second conductive layer disposed on the electron-blocking layer.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion element includes a plate, a wavelength conversion layer, and a macromolecular layer. The wavelength conversion layer has a facing surface facing the plate. The wavelength conversion layer contains an inorganic wavelength conversion material that emits light of a wavelength different from the wavelength of incident light. The macromolecular layer is disposed between the plate and the wavelength conversion layer. A part of the facing surface is in contact with the plate. At least a part of another portion of the facing surface is joined to the plate with the macromolecular aver interposed.

Abstract: Provided is compatibility between adhesion to a substrate (lower layer) and durability improvement. An optical element includes a phosphor layer facing a lower layer, and a bonding layer keeping the phosphor layer in intimate contact with the lower layer. The phosphor layer includes an inorganic binder, and phosphor particle dispersed with the inorganic binder. The bonding layer includes an organic binder. The phosphor layer has a first surface facing the lower layer, a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a side surface connecting the first and second surfaces together. The bonding layer connects together the second surface, the side surface, and a surface of the lower layer to keep the phosphor layer in intimate contact with the lower layer.

Abstract: Improvement of the luminous efficiency of a fluorescent layer is achieved. A wavelength conversion element is provided that converts incident, light from a wavelength range thereof to another wavelength range, the wavelength conversion element including a fluorescent layer including first particles and second particles dispersed in a first binder, the second particles being smaller than the first particles, wherein the first particles fluoresce under light having the wavelength of the incident light, and the first binder accounts for from 10% inclusive to 50% exclusive by volume of a particle group including the first particles and the second particles in the fluorescent layer.

Abstract: Provided is compatibility between adhesion to a substrate (lower layer) and durability improvement. An optical element includes a phosphor layer facing a lower layer, and a bonding layer keeping the phosphor layer in intimate contact with the lower layer. The phosphor layer includes an inorganic binder, and phosphor particle dispersed with the inorganic binder. The bonding layer includes an organic binder. The phosphor layer has a first surface facing the lower layer, a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a side surface connecting the first and second surfaces together. The bonding layer connects together the second surface, the side surface, and a surface of the lower layer to keep the phosphor layer in intimate contact with the lower layer.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion element includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a first conductive layer, a photoelectric conversion layer, a porous insulating layer, a second conductive layer, a sealing member, and an electrolyte. The photoelectric conversion layer includes a porous semiconductor layer and a photosensitizer added to the porous semiconductor layer. The first conductive layer is divided by a groove into a first region where the photoelectric conversion layer is arranged, and a second region where the photoelectric conversion layer is not arranged. An insulating portion is arranged in and above the groove in a covering relation to a surface of the first region in part thereof where the photoelectric conversion layer is not arranged. The insulating portion has a denser structure than the porous insulating layer.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion element includes a frame-shaped insulating sealing part that is disposed between the plurality of first electrodes and the cover and defines a space inside the photoelectric conversion element, a photoelectric conversion part formed on an upper surface of a first electrode in the space; a second electrode formed in the space, which includes a flat portion and a bent portion, and insulates the photoelectric conversion part from the second electrode, an inter-cell insulating part that insulates the first electrode from the second electrode, a carrier transporting part with which the space is filled, and an insulating bonding part that has at least a portion positioned between the porous insulating part and the cover and is brought into contact with the inter-cell insulating part and with a portion of the flat portion so as to bond the inter-cell insulating part and the second electrode to each other.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion module includes a substrate and a plurality of photoelectric conversion cells connected in series on the substrate and satisfies the relations of the following formulas (I) to (III): Jsc?20 mA/cm2,??(I) Isc/X?2 mA/cm, and??(II) Pin×Rs×Y2×10?4<0.07.

Abstract: To prevent components from being damaged, a power transmission device has a torque limiting function to suppress increase in cut-off torque. In the power transmission device, a clamped portion 32c is press-clamped between a flange portion 22 of a hub 20 and each pressing portion 40b of a pressing member 40 fastened to the hub with a rivet 41, and when a torque greater than that predetermined is produced between a pulley 10 and the hub, the clamped portion gets out of the position between each pressing portion and the flange portion, to cut off the power transmission. In such device, the fastening point of the rivet is arranged on a line connecting a rotation center of the shaft and a protrusion 32d, to increase a spring constant of the pressing member, so as to set a friction torque of the clamped portion as a greater value.

Abstract: In this electromagnetic clutch, a compressive force is generated in a plate spring when an armature plate is contact with a first rotor. Therefore, a force in the direction away from the first rotor acts on a first bent portion of a plate spring. However, an extension portion of a second rotor is capable of abutting to the first bent portion from the direction opposite to the first rotor. So a stress generated in the first bent portion is dispersed to the extension portion.

Abstract: When an armature plate is attracted to a rotor so that the turning force of the rotor is transmitted to the armature plate, the turning force of the armature plate is transmitted to a main shaft via a plate spring. An angle (hereinafter referred to as a slope angle) formed between the plate spring and the armature plate is set so as to be not smaller than 10° and not larger than 63°. Therefore, since the slope angle is larger than the slope angle (about 3°) of the general electromagnetic clutch, the torque increase effect increases about 5 percent as compared with the general electromagnetic clutch, and also an excessive pressing force of the plate spring does not develop.

Abstract: An electromagnetic clutch (20) capable of connecting and disconnecting a driving power source and a rotary shaft (22) includes a rotor (25) rotated by the driving power source, and an armature (40) capable of being attracted to the rotor (25) by electromagnetic force to produce a transmission force transmitted from the rotor (25) to the rotary shaft (22). The electromagnetic clutch (20) further includes leaf springs (52) urging the armature (40) in such a direction as to separate the armature from the rotor (25). The leaf springs (52) each assume an orientation such that a boost force assisting the attractive force acting upon the armature (40) is produced based on the transmission force when the armature (40) is attracted to the rotor (40).

Abstract: A pulley in which screw holes can have a sufficient axial-direction length without thickening a projecting part. The pulley comprises a pulley main body (10) and flat members (20) fixed thereto, the flat members (20) having screw holes (20c) formed therein. Consequently, there is no need of forming screw holes in the pulley main body (10) and, hence, the screw holes (20c) can have a sufficient axial-direction length without the need of thickening the projecting part (12). Namely, a weight reduction can be attained by thinning the projecting part (12) and a reduction in production cost can be attained by the weight reduction.

Abstract: An electromagnetic clutch for separably coupling a drive source and a rotary shaft has a rotor to be disposed in the outside of the rotary shaft concentrically therewith. The rotor is rotated by a drive source and accommodates an electromagnetic coil. The electromagnetic clutch has an armature plate that is attracted toward the rotor by an electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic coil so as to adhere to the rotor. Furthermore, the electromagnetic clutch has a coupler for coupling the armature plate and the rotary shaft to each other. The coupler includes a center part to be coupled to the rotary shaft and an elastically-deformable outer part for coupling the center part to the armature plate, the outer part being extended from the center part and elastically deformed when the armature plate is attracted to the rotor.

Abstract: In an electromagnetic clutch, an electromagnetic coil is energized to couple a rotor and an armature plate to each other. Each leaf spring extends in a direction so as to intersect at an obtuse angle with the rotating direction of the armature plate, and accordingly, when the power of the driving source is transmitted to the armature plate through the rotor, a compressive force acts upon the leaf spring. The leaf spring has an inclined portion, and the armature plate is pressed against the rotor by the compressive force. Each leaf spring has a first extended portion located between the first coupling portion and inclined portion thereof and a second extended portion located between the second coupling portion and inclined portion thereof.

Abstract: In this electromagnetic clutch, only each of the plate springs is connected to the second rotor by first connecting members. Therefore, each of the first holes of the plate springs is accurately positioned to the position of each of the second holes of the extended portion. That is, it is not necessary to provide a useless gap between the first connecting members and the each of the holes. Also, the extended portion of the second rotor is opposed to the armature plate in the axial direction. Therefore, the inner diameter of the armature plate can be formed small irrespective of the extended portion.

Abstract: In this electromagnetic clutch, a compressive force is generated in a plate spring when an armature plate is contact with a first rotor. Therefore, a force in the direction away from the first rotor acts on a first bent portion of a plate spring. However, an extension portion of a second rotor is capable of abutting to the first bent portion from the direction opposite to the first rotor. So a stress generated in the first bent portion is dispersed to the extension portion.