Abstract: A swage fastening structure includes a first plate member including a plate main body and a T-shaped swaging piece, and a second plate members including a fastening hole through which the swaging piece passes. The swaging piece includes: a shaft portion; and a pair of holding pieces configured such that an end surface of each holding piece close to the plate main body is inclined in a direction of gradually getting away from the plate main body from one end close to the shaft portion to the other end thereof, and is formed such that a dimension between the plate main body and the one end close to the shaft portion is smaller than a plate thickness of the second plate member and a dimension between the plate main body and the other end is larger than the plate thickness of the second plate member.

Abstract: A thin plate burring processing method includes a first step of forming a thin portion thinner than an original thickness in a target portion by performing crushing processing on the target portion of a plate-like workpiece, a second step of forming a circular through-hole in the thin portion by punching processing, and a third step of forming an annular portion rising from a surface of the workpiece by performing projection processing with burring processing around the through-hole formed in the thin portion.

Abstract: A fastening structure which fixes a doctor blade to a holder is provided, which includes a cylindrical portion provided on one surface of the holder with which a doctor blade is overlapped, a through hole having an inner diameter larger than an outer diameter of the cylindrical portion and penetrating through the doctor blade. In the fastening structure, while the cylindrical portion is inserted through the through hole with a gap between an outer circumference of the cylindrical portion and an inner circumference of the through hole, an end portion of the cylindrical portion is pressed to be expanded in an outer circumferential direction and then bent towards the doctor blade, to thereby fix the doctor blade to the holder by supporting it between the end portion and the one surface of the holder.

Abstract: A fixing device (55) including a fixing member (6), a pressure member (7) forcibly contacting with the fixing member, and a separating plate (1) for separating a transfer paper (9) ejected from a nipping part (8) formed by the fixing member and the pressure member contacting with the fixing member, from the fixing member, the separating plate including an edge part (2) disposed close to the fixing member, the separating plate being disposed relative to the fixing member so that a sum of a thickness of the edge part of the separating plate and a gap (10) formed between the edge part and the fixing member is lesser than a minimum lift height of the transfer paper ejected from the nipping part.

Abstract: A fixing device (55) including a fixing member (6), a pressure member (7) forcibly contacting with the fixing member, and a separating plate (1) for separating a transfer paper (9) ejected from a nipping part (8) formed by the fixing member and the pressure member contacting with the fixing member, from the fixing member, the separating plate including an edge part (2) disposed close to the fixing member, the separating plate being disposed relative to the fixing member so that a sum of a thickness of the edge part of the separating plate and a gap (10) formed between the edge part and the fixing member is lesser than a minimum lift height of the transfer paper ejected from the nipping part.

Abstract: A method for attaching a part, including preparing an optical part-holding member for holding an optical part and a housing member having a bottom wall and mountable the optical part-holding member, identifying a plurality of part-attaching portions forming nodal points on the bottom wall of the housing member, and fixing the optical part-holding member for holding the optical part to the part-attaching portions by spacing from the bottom wall of the housing other than the part-attaching portions.

Abstract: A fastening structure which fixes a doctor blade to a holder is provided, which includes a cylindrical portion provided on one surface of the holder with which a doctor blade is overlapped, a through hole having an inner diameter larger than an outer diameter of the cylindrical portion and penetrating through the doctor blade. In the fastening structure, while the cylindrical portion is inserted through the through hole with a gap between an outer circumference of the cylindrical portion and an inner circumference of the through hole, an end portion of the cylindrical portion is pressed to be expanded in an outer circumferential direction and then bent towards the doctor blade, to thereby fix the doctor blade to the holder by supporting it between the end portion and the one surface of the holder.

Abstract: A method for fastening plate-like members, including the steps of: forming a convex part on a surface of one plate-like member; forming a through-hole which has a larger diameter than a diameter of the convex part in another plate-like members; after inserting the convex part through the through-hole, pressing a top surface of the convex part with a first pressurizing tool which includes at least one pointed end portion having a smaller contour than a contour of the convex part to make a cut matching the at least one pointed end portion of the first pressurizing tool at the top surface of the convex part; further pressing to expand an outer portion of the cut outwardly by means of a second pressurizing tool; and fastening the two plate-like members mutually by sandwiching in the vicinity of the through-hole of the other plate-like member by means of an expanded portion formed on the convex part and the surface of the one plate-like member.

Abstract: #7 cylinder shares an exhaust manifold with #1 cylinder and is fired a predetermined firing interval after #1 cylinder. An exhaust cam shaft has a first cam for driving the exhaust cams of #1 cylinder and a second cam for driving the exhaust cams of #7 cylinder. A valve overlap period of #1 cylinder during its shift from an exhaust stroke to an intake stroke overlaps a time period during which the exhaust valves of the second cylinder are open in #7 cylinder while it is shifting from a power stroke to an exhaust stroke. The nose of the second cam is located farther in a retard direction than a position that is away in the retard direction from the nose of the first cam by an angle corresponding to the predetermined firing interval between the first and second cylinders.

Abstract: #7 cylinder shares an exhaust manifold with #1 cylinder and is fired a predetermined firing interval after #1 cylinder. An exhaust cam shaft has a first cam for driving the exhaust cams of #1 cylinder and a second cam for driving the exhaust cams of #7 cylinder. A valve overlap period of #1 cylinder during its shift from an exhaust stroke to an intake stroke overlaps a time period during which the exhaust valves of the second cylinder are open in #7 cylinder while it is shifting from a power stroke to an exhaust stroke. The nose of the second cam is located farther in a retard direction than a position that is away in the retard direction from the nose of the first cam by an angle corresponding to the predetermined firing interval between the first and second cylinders.

Abstract: This invention concerns a turbo-charged engine with EGR comprising an EGR passage connecting an exhaust passage upstream of a turbine of a turbocharger and an intake passage downstream of a compressor to each other for returning some of exhaust gas in the exhaust passage to the intake passage, and an EGR valve provided in the EGR passage for adjusting a passage area of the EGR passage. Capacity of the turbine is set such that in a high speed and high load region of the engine operating state, if the exhaust gas is supplied to the turbine with the EGR valve closed, the turbocharger overruns beyond a maximum speed limit, and if the EGR valve is opened to return some of the exhaust gas to the intake passage, the turbocharger rotates at less speed than the maximum speed limit. EGR can be performed in the high speed and high load region of the engine operating state without reducing power output and worsening fuel consumption.

Abstract: A method for attaching a part, including preparing an optical part-holding member for holding an optical part and a housing member having a bottom wall and mountable the optical part-holding member, identifying a plurality of part-attaching portions forming nodal points on the bottom wall of the housing member, and fixing the optical part-holding member for holding the optical part to the part-attaching portions by spacing from the bottom wall of the housing other than the part-attaching portions.

Abstract: A supercharging apparatus for an engine comprising a high-pressure stage supercharger having a high-pressure stage turbine arranged in an exhaust gas passage of the engine and a high-pressure stage compressor that is arranged in an intake gas passage of the engine and is driven by the high-pressure stage turbine, and a low-pressure stage supercharger having a low-pressure stage turbine arranged in the exhaust gas passage on the downstream side of the high-pressure stage turbine and a low-pressure stage compressor that is arranged in the intake air passage on the upstream side of the high-pressure stage compressor and is driven by the low-pressure stage turbine, wherein the low-pressure stage compressor has a capacity larger than a capacity of the high-pressure stage compressor, and the low-pressure stage turbine has a capacity equal to, or smaller than, a capacity of the high-pressure stage turbine.

Abstract: This invention concerns a turbo-charged engine with EGR comprising an EGR passage connecting an exhaust passage upstream of a turbine of a turbocharger and an intake passage downstream of a compressor to each other for returning some of exhaust gas in the exhaust passage to the intake passage, and an EGR valve provided in the EGR passage for adjusting a passage area of the EGR passage. Capacity of the turbine is set such that in a high speed and high load region of the engine operating state, if the exhaust gas is supplied to the turbine with the EGR valve closed, the turbocharger overruns beyond a maximum speed limit, and if the EGR valve is opened to return some of the exhaust gas to the intake passage, the turbocharger rotates at less speed than the maximum speed limit. EGR can be performed in the high speed and high load region of the engine operating state without reducing power output and worsening fuel consumption.

Abstract: A supercharging apparatus for an engine comprising a high-pressure stage supercharger having a high-pressure stage turbine arranged in an exhaust gas passage of the engine and a high-pressure stage compressor that is arranged in an intake gas passage of the engine and is driven by the high-pressure stage turbine, and a low-pressure stage supercharger having a low-pressure stage turbine arranged in the exhaust gas passage on the downstream side of the high-pressure stage turbine and a low-pressure stage compressor that is arranged in the intake air passage on the upstream side of the high-pressure stage compressor and is driven by the low-pressure stage turbine, wherein the low-pressure stage compressor has a capacity larger than a capacity of the high-pressure stage compressor, and the low-pressure stage turbine has a capacity equal to, or smaller than, a capacity of the high-pressure stage turbine.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to improve turbine efficiency and reduce fuel consumption. A turbocharged engine according to the present invention comprises an actuator for driving an exhaust valve and control means for controlling this actuator. The actuator is controlled (2) such that the exhaust valve opens from an identical valve opening start timing to but more rapidly than a case (1) in which a mechanical cam is used. As a result of the rapid opening of the exhaust valve, a strong exhaust pulse with a large peak value is obtained, whereby turbine efficiency is improved and accordingly fuel consumption is reduced. Since valve opening begins at an identical timing to a case in which a mechanical cam is used, the exhaust gas is not unnecessarily compressed and thus fuel consumption does not increase.

Abstract: A turbo charger system (32) for a diesel engine (1) with a simple structure, but improved in output, torque and fuel consumption rate. A high-stage turbine (3) and low-stage turbine (4) are provided in series on an exhaust gas line (2) of the engine (1). A high-stage compressor (6), which is connected to the high-stage turbine (3), and a low-stage compressor (7), which is connected to the low-stage turbine (4), are provided in series on an intake air line (5) of the engine (1). A bypass line (20) with a valve (21) is provided over the high-stage turbine (3). The bypass valve (21) is completely or substantially completely closed until the engine (1) reaches its maximum torque point (14) so as to raise a supercharging pressure. From the maximum torque point (14) to the maximum output point (15), the bypass valve (21) is gradually opened to adjust the supercharging pressure. The bypass valve is completely or substantially completely opened at the maximum output point (15) to suppress the supercharging pressure.