Abstract: A battery module includes: a plurality of battery cells each of which has a flat shape; a plurality of elastic spacers laminated and disposed alternately with the battery cells; and a restraining member configured to restrain the battery cells and the elastic spacers in a laminating direction of the battery cells. Each of the elastic spacers has a sheet portion that extends between two adjacent battery cells and a plurality of protrusions that protrudes from one surface of the sheet portion. The protrusions are disposed at an equal interval along at least a first direction. When an interval between the protrusions in the first direction is x and a dimension of each protrusion in the first direction is y, relationships of 4 mm?y?18 mm, y?4/9x?10/3, and y?x?2 are satisfied.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser element includes: a first conductivity-type cladding layer; a first guide layer disposed above the first conductivity-type cladding layer; an active layer disposed above the first guide layer; and a second conductivity-type cladding layer disposed above the active layer. A window region is formed in a region of the active layer including part of at least one of the front-side end face or the rear-side end face, the first conductivity-type cladding layer consists of (AlxGa1-x)0.5In0.5P, the first guide layer consists of (AlyGa1-y)0.5In0.5P, and the second conductivity-type cladding layer consists of (AlzGa1-z)0.5In0.5P, where x, y, and z each denote an Al composition ratio, 0<x?y<z?y is satisfied, and D/L>0.03 is satisfied, where L denotes a length of the resonator and D denotes a length of the window region in the first direction.

Abstract: A power tool includes a resin member in a rotor that is less susceptible to breaking. A power tool includes a stator, a rotor rotatable relative to the stator at a speed of 30000 rpm or greater, and an output unit drivable by the rotor. The stator includes a stator core, an insulator fixed to the stator core, and a coil held on the insulator. The rotor includes a rotor core having a slot, a permanent magnet received in the slot in the rotor core, and a resin member fixing the rotor core and the permanent magnet. The resin member includes an annular portion protruding from an end face of the rotor core. The annular portion includes a cut portion.

Abstract: When electrified vehicle is a vehicle capable of externally charging electric power, the point granting device imparts a point in accordance with a ratio of the amount of electric power obtained from renewable energy to the amount of electric power charged. In addition, when electrified vehicle is a vehicle traveling using electric power, the point granting device imparts a point in response to the actual electric power cost achieved by the traveling being equal to or higher than the modeled electric power cost.

Abstract: A cathode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery has improved output characteristics in low-temperature environment use. A lithium mixture includes composite hydroxide particles and a lithium compound calcined in an oxidizing atmosphere under a temperature rising time from 650° C. to a calcination temperature set to 0.5-1.5 hours and the calcination temperature set to 850° C.-1000° C. and maintained for 1.0-5.0 hours. The material has the general formula (A): Li1+SNixCoyMnzM1O2 , where ?0.05?s?0.20, x+y+z+t=1, 0.3?x?0.7, 0.1?y?0.4, 0.1?z?0.4, 0?t?0.05, and M is selected from Ca, Mg, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, and W. The material includes hexagonal lithium composite oxide particles. The ratio of the crystallite size at plane (104) to plane (003) is greater than 0 and less than 0.60.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser element that includes a semiconductor layer including a waveguide formed in an intra-layer direction of the semiconductor layer and a window region formed in a front-side end face of the waveguide, has a current-laser optical output characteristic in which, at an operating temperature of 25° C.±3° C., a laser optical output has a maximum value at a first driving current value and the laser optical output is at most 20% of the maximum value at a second driving current value greater than the first driving current value, and is not damaged at the second driving current value.

Abstract: A work unit to be attached to a lower side of a work vehicle that includes a wheel includes a work portion, a housing that covers the work portion, a bridge portion that is provided above the housing, auxiliary plates that change their positions between a state of being housed in the bridge portion and a state of protruding from the bridge portion, a linkage mechanism that is provided in the bridge portion and is connected to the auxiliary plates, and an operation tool for operating the linkage mechanism. As a result of operating the operation tool, the linkage mechanism is folded or unfolded, and positions of the auxiliary plates are changed between the state of being housed in the bridge portion and the state of protruding from the bridge portion.

Abstract: The battery system includes a secondary battery, a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a temperature sensor, and a processor. The processor is configured to calculate a polarization overvoltage by subtracting a voltage drop amount caused by a DC resistance and a reactive resistance of the secondary battery determined in accordance with a temperature and an SOC of the secondary battery from a voltage difference between OCV and CCV of the secondary battery.

Abstract: A battery module comprises a battery laminate in which a plurality of batteries each having an output terminal 12 are arrayed, and a busbar 4 that is joined to the output terminal 12 of each battery and electrically connects the plurality of batteries. The output terminal 12 has a probe mark 18 on the surface facing the busbar 4, and the busbar 4 has a recess 22 facing the probe mark 18.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser element that includes a semiconductor layer including a waveguide formed in an intra-layer direction of the semiconductor layer and a window region formed in a front-side end face of the waveguide, has a current-laser optical output characteristic in which, at an operating temperature of 25° C.±3° C., a laser optical output has a maximum value at a first driving current value and the laser optical output is at most 20% of the maximum value at a second driving current value greater than the first driving current value, and is not damaged at the second driving current value.

Abstract: When electrified vehicle is a vehicle capable of externally charging electric power, the point granting device imparts a point in accordance with a ratio of the amount of electric power obtained from renewable energy to the amount of electric power charged. In addition, when electrified vehicle is a vehicle traveling using electric power, the point granting device imparts a point in response to the actual electric power cost achieved by the traveling being equal to or higher than the modeled electric power cost.

Abstract: A power supply device includes a secondary cell, a detection device, a storage device, and a control device. The secondary cell includes an electrolyte solution. The detection device detects the voltage and temperature of the secondary cell. The storage device stores first information and second information. The first information indicates the relationship among the voltage, the temperature, and the amount of decrease in the electrolyte solution during energization of the secondary cell. The second information indicates the relationship among the voltage, the temperature, and the amount of decrease in the electrolyte solution during storage of the secondary cell. The control device calculates a first index indicating the amount of decrease in the electrolyte solution.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser element includes a substrate and a semiconductor stack. The semiconductor stack includes an N-side semiconductor layer, an active layer, a P-side semiconductor layer, and a P-type contact layer. The semiconductor stack includes two end faces. Laser light resonates between the two end faces. The semiconductor stack includes: a ridge portion; and a bottom portion surrounding the ridge portion in a top view of the semiconductor stack. The ridge portion protrudes upward from the bottom portion, is spaced apart from the two end faces, and includes at least a portion of the P-type contact layer. A current injection window is provided only on the ridge portion out of a top face of the semiconductor stack, the current injection window being a region into which a current is injected. A distance from a top face of the active layer to the bottom portion is constant.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser element that includes a semiconductor layer including a waveguide formed in an intra-layer direction of the semiconductor layer and a window region formed in a front-side end face of the waveguide, has a current-laser optical output characteristic in which, at an operating temperature of 25° C.±3° C., a laser optical output has a maximum value at a first driving current value and the laser optical output is at most 20% of the maximum value at a second driving current value greater than the first driving current value, and is not damaged at the second driving current value.

Abstract: A power tool includes a resin member in a rotor that is less susceptible to breaking. A power tool includes a stator, a rotor rotatable relative to the stator at a speed of 30000 rpm or greater, and an output unit drivable by the rotor. The stator includes a stator core, an insulator fixed to the stator core, and a coil held on the insulator. The rotor includes a rotor core having a slot, a permanent magnet received in the slot in the rotor core, and a resin member fixing the rotor core and the permanent magnet. The resin member includes an annular portion protruding from an end face of the rotor core. The annular portion includes a cut portion.

Abstract: ECU evaluates high-rate degradation of a lithium-ion battery, using a score and an in-plane score. The score is an index for evaluating unevenness in salt concentration of an electrode body in a lamination direction of the electrode body. The in-plane score is an index for evaluating unevenness in salt concentration of the electrode body in an in-plane direction of the electrode body. For each computing cycle, ECU calculates a current score, and calculates a current in-plane score based on an SOC (State Of Charge) of the lithium-ion battery. When the absolute value of an in-plane integrated score is beyond a reference value, ECU evaluates the high-rate degradation based on the current score, the current in-plane score, and a degradation score which is obtained by integrating previous scores beyond a deadband. When the absolute value is below the reference value, ECU evaluates the high-rate degradation, based on the degradation score.

Abstract: The battery system includes a secondary battery, a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a temperature sensor, and a processor. The processor is configured to calculate a polarization overvoltage by subtracting a voltage drop amount caused by a DC resistance and a reactive resistance of the secondary battery determined in accordance with a temperature and an SOC of the secondary battery from a voltage difference between OCV and CCV of the secondary battery.

Abstract: ECU evaluates high-rate degradation of a lithium-ion battery, using a score and an in-plane score. The score is an index for evaluating unevenness in salt concentration of an electrode body in a lamination direction of the electrode body. The in-plane score is an index for evaluating unevenness in salt concentration of the electrode body in an in-plane direction of the electrode body. For each computing cycle, ECU calculates a current score, and calculates a current in-plane score based on an SOC (State Of Charge) of the lithium-ion battery. When the absolute value of an in-plane integrated score is beyond a reference value, ECU evaluates the high-rate degradation based on the current score, the current in-plane score, and a degradation score which is obtained by integrating previous scores beyond a deadband. When the absolute value is below the reference value, ECU evaluates the high-rate degradation, based on the degradation score.

Abstract: An ECU is configured to execute SOC estimation control for estimating an SOC of a battery. The ECU obtains “first voltage” indicating an OCV of the battery in the SOC estimation control. The ECU controls an engine and a PCU such that the battery is charged with an amount of electric power equal to or larger than a prescribed amount, when the first voltage is within a voltage range where hysteresis occurs. The ECU obtains “second voltage” indicating an OCV of the charged battery, and estimates the SOC of the battery from the second voltage.

Abstract: In a tractor, a radiator is arranged on one front-rear side relative to an engine. A cooling fan is provided between the radiator and an engine. A fan drive belt is wound around a fan support shaft and around an output shaft of the engine extending below the fan support shaft. A compressor is located above the output shaft and is supported to the engine at a position offset to one lateral side of the engine relative to the fan support shaft. A compressor drive belt is wound around the output shaft and a compressor drive shaft. The compressor drive belt is located on a side where the compressor is located relative to the fan support shaft, when viewed in a front-rear direction.