Abstract: The descrambler receives scrambled data generated from byte data associated with an encoding sequence Q and a scramble value corresponding to the sequence Q in a processing sequence P. The descrambler includes a scramble value generation section that generates a scramble value of the encoding sequence Q of input data, and calculates descrambled data from the scramble value and input byte data. The encoding sequence Q is associated with each byte data of the code string. The scramble value corresponding to the encoding sequence Q is obtained by performing a predetermined operation on the byte data corresponding to each of the encoding sequence Q of the code string.

Abstract: A spark plug exhibits a satisfactory withstand voltage characteristic and sufficient mechanical strength in a high temperature environment exceeding 700° C. The spark plug has a center electrode, an insulator, and a ground electrode, characterized in that the insulator is formed of an alumina-based sintered material containing an Si component, a Group 2 element (2A) component, and a rare earth element (RE) component; that the alumina-based sintered material has an RE-?-alumina crystal phase; and that the mean crystal grain size DA(RE) of the RE-?-alumina crystal phase and that of alumina DA(Al) satisfy the following relationship (1): 0.2?DA(RE)/DA(Al)?3.0.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a spark plug including an insulator which is difficult to cause breakdown and exhibits higher withstand voltage characteristics. This invention relates to a spark plug 1 including a center electrode 2, an insulator 3 and a grounding electrode 6, wherein the insulator is formed by an alumina-based sintered body which has a theoretical density ratio of 95.

Abstract: A gravity casting method includes: situating a molding die having a feeder portion in communication with a cavity above the cavity to a horizontal state and pouring a molten metal from a runner in communication with the cavity; putting the molding die to a state inclined at a predetermined angle during pouring of the molten metal from a stage where the molten metal is filled in the runner and prevailing the molten metal while pouring to the inside of the cavity and the feeder portion; and returning the molding die to the horizontal state after the molten metal has been poured completely, and solidifying the molten metal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing glycidol from glycerol carbonate by subjecting the glycerol carbonate to decarboxylation reaction in the presence of a solvent containing no active hydrogen. In the process, glycidol can be produced from glycerol carbonate as a raw material of the glycidol with a high selectivity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing glycidol from glycerol carbonate by subjecting the glycerol carbonate to decarboxylation reaction in the presence of a solvent containing no active hydrogen. In the process, glycidol can be produced from glycerol carbonate as a raw material of the glycidol with a high selectivity.

Abstract: An overheat protection circuit 1 of a semiconductor integrated circuit device of the invention has filter means for removing a high frequency component from a power supply voltage Vcc. Specifically, the overheat protection circuit 1 has: a band gap power supply portion BG and resistors R1 and R2 that produce a reference voltage Vref; a transistor N1 for temperature detection; resistors R3 and R4 that generate, from the power supply voltage Vcc, a control signal Sctrl according to the on/off state of the transistor N1; a transistor P1 that is turned on/off according to the control signal Sctrl; and a transistor N2 and resistors R5 and R6 that generate an overheat protection signal Stsd according to the on/off state of the transistor P1. In addition, the overheat protection circuit 1 has, as the filter means, a resistor R7 and a capacitor C1 that are respectively connected to the emitter and the collector of the transistor P1.

Abstract: This invention has an object to provide a spark plug exhibiting high withstand voltage characteristics and high strength at high temperature, formed by an alumina-based sintered body prepared with excellent processability and high productivity, and a method for manufacturing the spark plug. This invention relates to a spark plug 1 including an insulator 3, wherein the insulator 3 includes a dense alumina-based sintered body having an average crystal particle diameter of 1.50 ?m or more, and the alumina-based sintered body contains Si, a Group 2 element component containing Ba and a Group 2 element other than those, and a rare earth element component, such that a ratio of a content S of the Si component to a total content of the content S and a content A of the Group 2 element component is 0.60 or more, and a method for manufacturing the spark plug 1 prepared through a grinding-shaping process in which the insulator 3 is ground before burning to shape the same.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a spark plug including an insulator which is difficult to cause breakdown and exhibits higher withstand voltage characteristics. This invention relates to a spark plug 1 including a center electrode 2, an insulator 3 and a grounding electrode 6, wherein the insulator is formed by an alumina-based sintered body which has a theoretical density ratio of 95.

Abstract: The soil improvement agent supply apparatus, includes a storage tank for storing the soil improvement agent, a feeder for adding the soil improvement agent in the storage tank to the soil, an arch breaker for stirring the soil improvement agent in the storage tank, a load detector for detecting the drive load on the feeder, a memory unit for storing the relationship between the drive load on the feeder and the drive speed of the arch breaker, and a computing unit for controlling the drive speed of the arch breaker in accordance with a signal from the load detector and information stored in the memory unit. The soil improvement agent supply apparatus increases a speed command value for the arch breaker when the drive load on the feeder decreases, and decreases the speed command value for the arch breaker when the drive load on the feeder increases.

Abstract: An error detector includes a substitute value output section outputting a specific substitute value corresponding to an encoding byte sequence Q of input byte data by referring to a table storing, as a substitute value, a value obtained by inputting a substitute code string to a shift register that produces an error detecting value upon input of a code string in an encoding byte sequence Q, a bit processing operation section calculating an error detecting value per byte, and a byte processing operation section outputting an error detecting value of a code string. The substitute code string contains byte data of K number of bytes where only predetermined bit data in byte data corresponding to the encoding byte sequence Q indicates “1” and all other bit data indicates “0”. The bit processing operation section processes each byte data and its substitute value in a different processing sequence from the encoding sequence.

Abstract: The starter includes a planetary type reduction gear device for reducing rotational speed of a motor, the planetary type reduction gear including a sun gear coupled to a shaft of the motor, planetary gears engaging with the sun gear and a planetary carrier outputting a revolutional motion around the sun gear of the planetary gears as a drive torque of the motor. The starter further includes a one-way clutch transmitting the drive torque from a side of a clutch outer thereof to a side of a clutch inner thereof through rollers disposed in cam chambers formed between the clutch outer and the clutch inner. The clutch outer is integral with the planetary carrier. The planetary carrier is integrally formed with planetary shafts rotatably supporting the planetary gears, and projecting pins projecting in the same direction as the planetary shafts. The planetary shafts are located inwardly of the cam chambers.

Abstract: At the time of voltage adjustment, a selector (23) outputs data (D01, D1) externally received, to a current adjustment unit (24). The current adjustment unit (24) changes current (I01) in accordance with the data (D1) so that a voltage (VOUT) changes. The data (D1) obtained when the voltage (VOUT) is determined to be a certain value becomes data (D2) to be stored in a storage unit (22). At the time of a normal operation, the selector (23) provides the data (D2) output from the storage unit (22), to the current adjustment unit (24). Accordingly, even at the time of a normal operation, a power supply circuit (1) can output the voltage (VOUT) of high accuracy. It is therefore possible to provide a semiconductor device capable of outputting a voltage of high accuracy, and a power supply device provided with the semiconductor device.

Abstract: An overheat protection circuit 1 of a semiconductor integrated circuit device of the invention has filter means for removing a high frequency component from a power supply voltage Vcc. Specifically, the overheat protection circuit 1 has: a band gap power supply portion BG and resistors R1 and R2 that produce a reference voltage Vref; a transistor N1 for temperature detection; resistors R3 and R4 that generate, from the power supply voltage Vcc, a control signal Sctrl according to the on/off state of the transistor N1; a transistor P1 that is turned on/off according to the control signal Sctrl; and a transistor N2 and resistors R5 and R6 that generate an overheat protection signal Stsd according to the on/off state of the transistor P1. In addition, the overheat protection circuit 1 has, as the filter means, a resistor R7 and a capacitor C1 that are respectively connected to the emitter and the collector of the transistor P1.

Abstract: An error detector includes a substitute value output section outputting a specific substitute value corresponding to an encoding byte sequence Q of input byte data by referring to a table storing, as a substitute value, a value obtained by inputting a substitute code string to a shift register that produces an error detecting value upon input of a code string in an encoding byte sequence Q, a bit processing operation section calculating an error detecting value per byte, and a byte processing operation section outputting an error detecting value of a code string. The substitute code string contains byte data of K number of bytes where only predetermined bit data in byte data corresponding to the encoding byte sequence Q indicates “1” and all other bit data indicates “0”. The bit processing operation section processes each byte data and its substitute value in a different processing sequence from the encoding sequence.

Abstract: The descrambler receives scrambled data generated from byte data associated with an encoding sequence Q and a scramble value corresponding to the sequence Q in a processing sequence P. The descrambler includes a scramble value generation section that generates a scramble value of the encoding sequence Q of input data, and calculates descrambled data from the scramble value and input byte data. The encoding sequence Q is associated with each byte data of the code string. The scramble value corresponding to the encoding sequence Q is obtained by performing a predetermined operation on the byte data corresponding to each of the encoding sequence Q of the code string.

Abstract: A power supply circuit comprising a charge pump circuit supplies a supply voltage to a gate driver. A timing controller supplies a predetermined timing signal to a NAND circuit, a shutdown terminal of the charge pump circuit, and a gate shading circuit including a capacitor, a resistor, a NOT circuit, and a transistor. When this timing signal is high, the charge pump circuit makes a normal operation and the gate shading circuit is deactivated. When this timing signal is low, the charge pump circuit stops operating and the gate shading circuit is activated to drain an electric charge from the output of the charge pump circuit.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wiring board in which electronic components are embedded by means of an embedding resin which attains a high mounting density of the electronic components in the wiring board, which exhibits excellent electrical properties such as insulating property, which prevents random reflection of light, and which reduces non-uniformity in color of the resin during curing thereof. The present invention includes a wiring board in which electronic components are embedded by use of an embedding resin having a dielectric constant of less than or equal to about 5 and tan ? of less than or equal to about 0.08. The embedding resin preferably contains carbon black in an amount of less than or equal to about 1.4 mass %. Moreover, the embedding resin preferably contains at least a thermosetting resin and at least one inorganic filler.

Abstract: In an embedding resin for embedding electronic parts, after a substrate in which a copper layer is formed on a cured product of the embedding resin is subjected to a pressure cooker test, the copper layer has a peeling strength of at least 588 N/m (0.6 kg/cm), wherein the conditions of the pressure cooker test are 121° C., 100% by mass humidity, 2.1 atm and 168 hours, and the measurement method of the peeling strength is according to JIS C 5012, and the width of the copper layer is 10 mm.

Abstract: A wiring substrate includes (1) an insulating substrate having an opening, or a core substrate and a build-up layer wherein at least one of the core substrate and the build-up layer has an opening, (2) at least one electronic part disposed in the opening, and (3) an embedding resin comprising a thermoplastic resin, an acid anhydride curing agent, a curing accelerator, and a filler, wherein the embedding resin shows a viscosity of not higher than 85 Pa·s in a shear rate of 8.4 s−1 after allowing to stand for 24 hours at 25° C.±1° C.