Abstract: A certificate management method is provided whereby a plurality of service providers have different reliable certificate authorities and, when certificates issued from the certificate authorities are implemented into a smart card, merely by revoking the certificate issued from the certificate authority on which the first service provider relies, all other implemented certificates can be revoked, and the certificates can be individually revoked. A system for implementing the method is provided. The certificate authorities n (n?2) issue a certificate n by using a private key n? corresponding to certificate n? generated by using a certificate 1 issued from a certificate authority 1 which has previously been installed in the smart card and a corresponding private key 1. Thus, the issued certificates have a hierarchical chain relation. When the user wants to revoke all certificates, the certificate 1 issued from the certificate authority 1 is revoked.

Abstract: A Smart card-based service providing system and method, in which a service application uses resources of a common application and which can easily cope with an addition of a service application into the Smart card and thereby efficiently utilize valuable resources of the Smart card, is provided. A management application specially designed for access control is installed in the Smart card to solely manage access management information. A management of or a decision on an access right is not performed by the service application or the common application but by the management application. When a new application is added to the Smart card, the service provider device receives a permission to update access management information beforehand from the card issuer device and, based on the permission, updates the access management information.

Abstract: To provide a novel authentication scheme to prevent PIN information from being exposed to the outside of a data carrier, without modifying an existing application for authentication management. The data carrier includes means for generating PIN information therein; a PIN storage unit for storing the generated PIN information with respect to the use of a service application; an authentication information storage unit for storing information unique to a user; an authentication application unit for authenticating the user by referring to the authentication information stored in the authentication information storage unit; means for verifying the PIN information stored in the PIN storage unit according to the authentication result by the authentication application; and a service application unit for performing a service according to the result of the verification of the PIN information by the verification means.

Abstract: An information input/output system includes printer servers and facsimile servers, connected with the Internet respectively, and printers and facsimile apparatuses connected with the printer and facsimile servers, respectively. A terminal is configured to access information contents on the Internet and to transmit printing request data including at least a contents ID specifying information contents for printing from among the information contents on the Internet and a print outputting destination ID specifying one of the printers or facsimile apparatuses for printing therewith the information contents for printing. A printing request administration server is configured to receive the printing request data transmitted from the terminal and to transmit the printing request data to one of the facsimile or printer servers determined according to the print outputting destination ID.

Abstract: An information input/output system includes printer servers and facsimile servers, connected with the Internet respectively, and printers and facsimile apparatuses connected with the printer and facsimile servers, respectively. A terminal is configured to access information contents on the Internet and to transmit printing request data including at least a contents ID specifying information contents for printing from among the information contents on the Internet and a print outputting destination ID specifying one of the printers or facsimile apparatuses for printing therewith the information contents for printing. A printing request administration server is configured to receive the printing request data transmitted from the terminal and to transmit the printing request data to one of the facsimile or printer servers determined according to the print outputting destination ID.

Abstract: An information input/output system includes printer and facsimile servers, connected with the Internet, and printer and facsimile apparatus connected with the servers, respectively. A terminal accesses information contents on the Internet and transmits printing request data including at least a contents ID specifying information contents for printing and a print outputting destination ID specifying one printer or facsimile apparatus for printing the information contents for printing. A printing request administration server receives the transmitted printing request data and transmits the printing request data to one of the servers according to the print outputting destination ID.

Abstract: A Smart card-based service providing system and method, in which a service application uses resources of a common application and which can easily cope with an addition of a service application into the Smart card and thereby efficiently utilize valuable resources of the Smart card, is provided. A management application specially designed for access control is installed in the Smart card to solely manage access management information. A management of or a decision on an access right is not performed by the service application or the common application but by the management application. When a new application is added to the Smart card, the service provider device receives a permission to update access management information beforehand from the card issuer device and, based on the permission, updates the access management information.

Abstract: In the digital broadcast to a mobile unit, the continuous reproduction of an image cannot be guaranteed when switching the hierarchical level in accordance with the receiving condition of the radio wave and therefore the viewer has a sense of discomfort. A digital broadcast sending apparatus sends out by encoding a plurality of simultaneous broadcast streams in the same sync signal generator. A switching determination unit of the receiving apparatus switches the plurality of simultaneous broadcast streams in accordance with the receiving condition (weak hierarchical level/strong hierarchical level), and a sync adjustment unit continuously displays an image without interruptions based on the received sync signal. At the time of this switching operation, one stream is gradually switched to the other.

Abstract: An information input/output system includes printer servers and facsimile servers, connected with the Internet respectively, and printers and facsimile apparatuses connected with the printer and facsimile servers, respectively. A terminal is configured to access information contents on the Internet and to transmit printing request data including at least a contents ID specifying information contents for printing from among the information contents on the Internet and a print outputting destination ID specifying one of the printers or facsimile apparatuses for printing therewith the information contents for printing. A printing request administration server is configured to receive the printing request data transmitted from the terminal and to transmit the printing request data to one of the facsimile or printer servers determined according to the print outputting destination ID.

Abstract: An information input/output system includes printer servers and facsimile servers, connected with the Internet respectively, and printers and facsimile apparatuses connected with the printer and facsimile servers, respectively. A terminal is configured to access information contents on the Internet and to transmit printing request data including at least a contents ID specifying information contents for printing from among the information contents on the Internet and a print outputting destination ID specifying one of the printers or facsimile apparatuses for printing therewith the information contents for printing. A printing request administration server is configured to receive the printing request data transmitted from the terminal and to transmit the printing request data to one of the facsimile or printer servers determined according to the print outputting destination ID.

Abstract: A certificate management method is provided whereby a plurality of service providers have different reliable certificate authorities and, when certificates issued from the certificate authorities are implemented into a smart card, merely by revoking the certificate issued from the certificate authority on which the first service provider relies, all other implemented certificates can be revoked, and the certificates can be individually revoked. A system for implementing the method is provided. The certificate authorities n (n?2) issue a certificate n by using a private key n? corresponding to certificate n? generated by using a certificate 1 issued from a certificate authority 1 which has previously been installed in the smart card and a corresponding private key 1. Thus, the issued certificates have a hierarchical chain relation. When the user wants to revoke all certificates, the certificate 1 issued from the certificate authority 1 is revoked.

Abstract: A GPS (Global Positioning System) receiver and a navigation device and system utilizing the same includes a receiver which sequentially generates GPS data including current position information, based on signals received from GPS satellites. The GPS receiver further includes at least one filter which performs filtering with respect to the GPS data sequentially generated by the receiver and generates positioning data including the current position information, and a positioning data output device which selects a filter according to a selection signal and outputs the positioning data in accordance therewith.

Abstract: According to the present invention, it is possible to output from a GPS receiver positioning data having a positioning precision or a positioning rate appropriate to the intended use. In the GPS receiver 1, the first filter section 13a and the second filter section 13b perform filtering with respect to the GPS data sequentially generated at the receiving section 12, and generate positioning data. The positioning precision and the positioning rate of the first filter section 13a are different from those of the second filter section 13b. According to a selection signal from a navigation device 2, the positioning data output section 14 outputs the positioning data obtained in either the first filter section 13a or the second filter section 13b to the navigation device 2.

Abstract: An information input/output system includes printer servers and facsimile servers, connected with the Internet respectively, and printers and facsimile apparatuses connected with the printer and facsimile servers, respectively. A terminal is configured to access information contents on the Internet and to transmit printing request data including at least a contents ID specifying information contents for printing from among the information contents on the Internet and a print outputting destination ID specifying one of the printers or facsimile apparatuses for printing therewith the information contents for printing. A printing request administration server is configured to receive the printing request data transmitted from the terminal and to transmit the printing request data to one of the facsimile or printer servers determined according to the print outputting destination ID.

Abstract: A digital speech waveform is divided into frames and sub-frames. Spectrum envelope information, pitch elements and stochastic elements are extracted and coded for the frames and sub-frames. A second error signal is calculated as a result of subtracting, from the sub-frames, pitch component speech generated from the pitch elements and spectrum envelope elements. The second error signal is coded so as to obtain the stochastic elements as a result of transforming the second error signal into a signal of a frequency domain through discrete cosine transformation and coding coefficients of the transformed domain.

Abstract: A timing reproduction device includes a timing error detector for detecting an error in timing of a signal transferred between a transmission side and a reception side on the basis of a received signal and for generating a timing error signal. An integrator integrates the timing error signal to thereby hold data necessary to maintain a timing synchronization. A sensing unit senses abrupt timing change in the received signal. A timing synchronizing unit executes a timing synchronizing operation for maintaining the timing synchronization by referring the data held in the integrator. A cutoff unit executes a cutoff operation which prevents the timing error signal from being applied to the integrator on the basis of the abrupt timing change sensed by the sensing unit.

Abstract: A control unit for controlling a modem used in a receiver demodulates a received signal by use of an adaptive equalizer, and a recovery circuit includes a timing recovery function and a carrier recovery function. States regarding operations in the adaptive equalizer and the recovery circuit are updated based on the received signal. The modem includes a determination unit for determining whether or not the modem is operating unusually based on a signal processed in the modem, a buffer for storing state data at a predetermined timing when the determination unit determines that the modem is not operating unusually, and a controller for controlling the adaptive equalizer and the recovery circuit so that the adaptive equalizer and the recovery circuit operate based on the state data which has been stored in the buffer when the determination unit determines that the modem is operating unusually.

Abstract: In a speaker verification system, a detecting part detects a speech section of an input speech signal by using a time-series acoustic parameters thereof. A segmentation part calculates individuality information for segmentation by using the time-series acoustic parameters within the speech section, and segments the input speech section into a plurality of blocks based on the individuality information. A feature extracting part extracts features of an unknown speaker for every segmented block by using the time-series acoustic parameters. A distance calculating part calculates a distance between the features of the speaker extracted by the feature extracting part and reference features stored in a memory. A decision part makes a decision as to whether or not the unknown speaker is a real speaker by comparing the calculated distance with a predetermined threshold value.

Abstract: A voice signal coding method for compressing voice data by coding is provided. PCM coded voice data are grouped into blocks in a timed sequence, each block having a predetermined number of data. A scale data representing a MSB corresponding to a maximum value in absolute value in each block is identified. Then, a code data is defined by a predetermined number of bits of data containing the MSB, thereby having the voice data compressed by coding. The code data is corrected such that an error between a decoded value of the code data and the original voice data corresponding to the code data is minimized. With such a correction step, the code data is refined such that a reproduced voice signal by decoding the thus corrected code data is very close to the original voice signal.

Abstract: A fuel feed system adapted to maintain at a constant value the pressure difference across a fuel measuring gate disposed in a fuel feed passage and control the area of opening of the fuel measuring gate in connection with the amount of air being sucked into an internal combustion engine so as to continuously measure the fuel, the measured fuel being concentratedly injected at a positive pressure into the suction pipe. The system comprises an accelerator pump interlocked to a throttle valve for injecting fuel at a positive pressure into the suction pipe during acceleration. The accelerator pump is fed with fuel sucked up from the return pipe of a pressure regulator which feeds the fuel measuring gate with fuel at a predetermined pressure.