Abstract: An estimation method includes: obtaining a first voice feature group of a plurality of persons who speak a first language; obtaining a second voice feature group of a plurality of persons who speak a second language; obtaining a voice feature of a subject; correcting the voice feature of the subject according to a relationship between the first voice feature group and the second voice feature group; estimating, from the voice feature of the subject that has been corrected, an oral function or a cognitive function of the subject by using an estimation process for an oral function or a cognitive function based on the second language; and outputting a result of estimation of the oral function or the cognitive function of the subject.

Abstract: An information processing system includes circuitry to control a display to display information related to accelerated execution of a maintenance schedule for a first maintenance in response to determination of a maintenance schedule for a second maintenance, based on the maintenance schedule for the second maintenance, the second maintenance being different from the first maintenance and being to be executed additionally.

Abstract: An information processing system includes circuitry. The circuitry determines a notification destination of a service according to first service level information that is associated with a device and a user of the device and defines a service to be performed by the user, the service to be performed by the user being different depending on the user. The circuitry notifies the determined notification destination of execution of the service.

Abstract: An operation analysis system, an operation analysis apparatus, an operation analysis method, and a non-transitory recording medium. The operation analysis system acquires information related to printing from a printing device, calculates an operating rate of the printing device based on the information related to printing, determines whether the operating rate is equal to or lower than a first predetermined value, identifies a system configuration model for improving the operating rate of the printing device that has the operating rate equal to or lower than the first predetermined value based on a property of the printing device, and generates screen information of a presentation screen for presenting the system configuration model.

Abstract: An operation analysis system, an operation analysis apparatus, an operation analysis method, and a non-transitory recording medium. The operation analysis system acquires information related to printing from a printing device, calculates an operating rate of the printing device based on the information related to printing, determines whether the operating rate is equal to or lower than a first predetermined value, identifies a system configuration model for improving the operating rate of the printing device that has the operating rate equal to or lower than the first predetermined value based on a property of the printing device, and generates screen information of a presentation screen for presenting the system configuration model.

Abstract: An operation analysis system, an operation analysis apparatus, an operation analysis method, and a non-transitory recording medium. The operation analysis system acquires information related to printing from a printing device, calculates an operating rate of the printing device based on the information related to printing, determines whether the operating rate is equal to or lower than a first predetermined value, identifies a system configuration model for improving the operating rate of the printing device that has the operating rate equal to or lower than the first predetermined value based on a property of the printing device, and generates screen information of a presentation screen for presenting the system configuration model.

Abstract: A maintenance management system includes circuitry. The circuitry, in a case that, in addition to a first maintenance, a second maintenance is to be performed, the second maintenance being a maintenance that is extraordinarily added differently from the first maintenance, sets a recommended time period for executing the second maintenance to be longer than a time required for the second maintenance, and displays a maintenance schedule including a recommended time period for executing the first maintenance and the recommended time period for executing the second maintenance.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes image forming units having unit identification data, unit attachment portions having attachment portion identification data, an acquisition unit, a calculator, a storage unit, a controller, and a notification unit. The acquisition unit acquires data set of the two types of data. The calculator calculates data that are correction data for correcting image forming conditions or data on corrected image forming conditions. The storage unit stores the data set and the calculation data corresponding to the data set. The controller executes a data reuse control of controlling the image forming units using the calculation data that are stored in the storage unit and correspond to the data set after the data set is changed. The notification unit notifies execution-related information on execution of the data reuse control before the data reuse control.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming device and circuitry. The image forming device forms an image on a recording material. The circuitry executes image quality adjustment control for adjusting image quality of the image formed by the image forming device. The circuitry is configured to selectively execute a first control mode for executing first image quality adjustment control and a second control mode including both the first image quality adjustment control and second image quality adjustment control. The circuitry executes only the second image quality adjustment control without executing the first image quality adjustment control in a case in which an execution skip condition for skipping the first image quality adjustment control is satisfied even when an execution condition for executing the second control mode is satisfied.

Abstract: A conveyance device includes a conveyance roller pair to convey a recording medium to an image reading position of an image reading unit. The conveyance roller pair includes a drive roller and a driven roller. The driven roller contacts the drive roller and rotates following the drive roller. The drive roller has a diameter satisfying a relation in which a detection mark on the recording medium is on a position away from a leading end of the recording medium by an integral multiple of a circumference of the drive roller in a conveyance direction of the recording medium.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a fixing device, a contact-separation mechanism and circuitry. The fixing device includes a fixing rotator to fix a toner image onto a sheet, a pressure rotator to press against the fixing rotator to form a nip, and a polisher to contact and polish a surface of the fixing rotator. The contact-separation mechanism contacts and separates the polisher to or from the fixing rotator. The circuitry calculates a cumulative weighted sheet passing distance that is a sum of values each obtained by multiplying a length of the sheet in a conveyance direction by a coefficient determined according to sheet information on the sheet different from the length every time the sheet passes through the nip and executes a control mode in which the contact-separation mechanism moves the polisher to contact the surface of the fixing rotator based on the cumulative weighted sheet passing distance.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes image forming units having unit identification data, unit attachment portions having attachment portion identification data, an acquisition unit, a calculator, a storage unit, a controller, and a notification unit. The acquisition unit acquires data set of the two types of data. The calculator calculates data that are correction data for correcting image forming conditions or data on corrected image forming conditions. The storage unit stores the data set and the calculation data corresponding to the data set. The controller executes a data reuse control of controlling the image forming units using the calculation data that are stored in the storage unit and correspond to the data set after the data set is changed. The notification unit notifies execution-related information on execution of the data reuse control before the data reuse control.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming device and circuitry. The image forming device forms an image on a recording material. The circuitry executes image quality adjustment control for adjusting image quality of the image formed by the image forming device. The circuitry is configured to selectively execute a first control mode for executing first image quality adjustment control and a second control mode including both the first image quality adjustment control and second image quality adjustment control. The circuitry executes only the second image quality adjustment control without executing the first image quality adjustment control in a case in which an execution skip condition for skipping the first image quality adjustment control is satisfied even when an execution condition for executing the second control mode is satisfied.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming device and control circuitry to control the image forming device. The control circuitry is configured to: select control content to be executed based on a selection instruction from a user; set a set time of executing control of the control content selected, based on a setting instruction from the user; and execute, at the set time, the control of the control content selected.

Abstract: An image reading device includes a plurality of image reading units arranged at different positions in a width direction perpendicular to a conveyance direction of a recording medium to read an image on the recording medium at image reading positions and a conveyance roller pair that conveys the recording medium to the plurality of image reading units. The conveyance roller pair includes a drive roller and a driven roller that contacts the drive roller and rotates following the drive roller. The plurality of image reading units includes an upstream and a downstream image reading units downstream from the upstream image reading unit in the conveyance direction. A reading interval between the image reading positions and a diameter of the drive roller satisfy the relation: X2=n1×?×D1a, where X2 represents the reading interval, n1 represents an integer, and D1a represents the diameter of the drive roller.

Abstract: An image reading device includes a plurality of image reading units arranged at different positions in a width direction perpendicular to a conveyance direction of a recording medium to read an image on the recording medium at image reading positions and a conveyance roller pair that conveys the recording medium to the plurality of image reading units. The conveyance roller pair includes a drive roller and a driven roller that contacts the drive roller and rotates following the drive roller. The plurality of image reading units includes an upstream and a downstream image reading units downstream from the upstream image reading unit in the conveyance direction. A reading interval between the image reading positions and a diameter of the drive roller satisfy the relation: X2=n1×?×D1a, where X2 represents the reading interval, n1 represents an integer, and D1a represents the diameter of the drive roller.

Abstract: A conveyance device includes a conveyance roller pair to convey a recording medium to an image reading position of an image reading unit. The conveyance roller pair includes a drive roller and a driven roller. The driven roller contacts the drive roller and rotates following the drive roller. The drive roller has a diameter satisfying a relation in which a detection mark on the recording medium is on a position away from a leading end of the recording medium by an integral multiple of a circumference of the drive roller in a conveyance direction of the recording medium.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming device to form a correction image, an image density detector to detect image densities of a plurality of areas in the correction image, and circuitry to correct an image formation condition of the image forming device based on detected image densities of the plurality of areas. The circuitry replaces a detected image density of an area of interest selected from the plurality of areas with an average value of detected image densities of two or more areas including adjacent areas adjacent to the area of interest and corrects the image formation condition of the image forming device based on the detected image densities of the plurality of areas after replacement when a difference between the detected image density of the area of interest and at least one of the detected image densities of the adjacent areas exceeds a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A conveyance control device includes a fixing device including a first rotary body, a cooling device including a second rotary body, and control circuitry. The circuitry records a first drive amount for the second body when the first and second bodies are driven at a speed, a second drive amount for the second body when the second body is driven without the first body being driven, a third drive amount for the second body when the second body is driven to rotate faster than a rotating speed and the first body is driven, and a fourth drive amount for the second body when the second body is driven to rotate slower than the rotating speed and the first body is driven. The circuitry performs correction based on the drive amounts in such a manner that a drive amount of the second body becomes equivalent to the second drive amount.

Abstract: A conveyance control device includes a fixing device including a first rotary body, a cooling device including a second rotary body, and control circuitry. The circuitry records a first drive amount for the second body when the first and second bodies are driven at a speed, a second drive amount for the second body when the second body is driven without the first body being driven, a third drive amount for the second body when the second body is driven to rotate faster than a rotating speed and the first body is driven, and a fourth drive amount for the second body when the second body is driven to rotate slower than the rotating speed and the first body is driven. The circuitry performs correction based on the drive amounts in such a manner that a drive amount of the second body becomes equivalent to the second drive amount.