Abstract: A composition according to the present disclosure includes a perovskite compound precursor, a first solvent, and a second solvent. The first solvent has a boiling point of 50° C. or more and a dipole moment of 3.0 D or less, and does not dissolve a perovskite compound formed from the perovskite compound precursor. The second solvent has a dipole moment of more than 3.0 D, and dissolves the perovskite compound.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion material of the present disclosure includes a perovskite compound and an ammonium salt. The ammonium salt may include at least one selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group and an aryl group. The ammonium salt may include a quaternary ammonium salt. A photoelectric conversion element of the present disclosure includes a first electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer, and a second electrode in this order. The photoelectric conversion layer includes the photoelectric conversion material of the present disclosure.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion material of the present disclosure includes a crystalline phase including A, B, X, and I. The A is a monovalent cation and includes a monovalent inorganic cation. The B is a divalent cation and includes Sn. The X is at least one selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, and Br. A molar ratio of a sum of the X and I to the B is 2.80 or more and 3.25 or less, and a molar ratio of the B to the A is more than 1.00 and 1.50 or less. A photoelectric conversion element of the present disclosure includes: a first electrode; a photoelectric conversion layer; and a second electrode, and the photoelectric conversion layer includes the photoelectric conversion material of the present disclosure.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion element of the present disclosure includes a first electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer, and a second electrode. The photoelectric conversion layer includes a photoelectric conversion material and a phosphate ester. A method for manufacturing the photoelectric conversion element of the present disclosure includes: applying a precursor solution to a base to form a coating film, the precursor solution containing a raw material of the photoelectric conversion material, the phosphate ester, and a solvent containing dimethyl sulfoxide; and baking the coating film to form a photoelectric conversion layer.

Abstract: The solar cell of the present disclosure includes: a first substrate having light-transmitting properties; a second substrate having light-transmitting properties; a third substrate disposed such that the second substrate is located between the first and third substrates; a first photoelectric conversion layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and containing a perovskite material; a second photoelectric conversion layer disposed between the second substrate and the third substrate; and a pair of electrodes disposed so as to sandwich the first photoelectric conversion layer therebetween in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first substrate, the second substrate, and the third substrate.

Abstract: A light-absorbing material includes a compound, wherein the compound has a perovskite crystal structure represented by the formula AMX3 where a Cs+ ion is located at an A-site, a Ge2+ ion is located at an M-site, and I? ions are located at X-sites, and at least a part of the compound has an orthorhombic perovskite crystal structure. An X-ray diffraction pattern of the compound measured using Cu K? radiation may have a first peak at a diffraction angle (2?) of 25.4° or more and 25.8° or less and a second peak at a diffraction angle (2?) of 24.9° or more and 25.3° or less, and an intensity of the first peak may be 30% or more of an intensity of the second peak.

Abstract: The solar cell of the present disclosure includes: a first substrate having light-transmitting properties; a second substrate having light-transmitting properties; a third substrate disposed such that the second substrate is located between the first and third substrates; a first photoelectric conversion layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and containing a perovskite material; a second photoelectric conversion layer disposed between the second substrate and the third substrate; and a pair of electrodes disposed so as to sandwich the first photoelectric conversion layer therebetween in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first substrate, the second substrate, and the third substrate.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion material includes a germanane derivative having a composition represented by GeXMYHZ. M includes at least one of Ga and In. X?Y, X?Z>0, and X+Y=1 are satisfied. A solar cell includes: a first electrode having electrical conductivity; a second electrode having electrical conductivity; and a light-absorbing layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, the light-absorbing layer converting incident light into electric charge. The light-absorbing layer includes the photoelectric conversion material above.

Abstract: A light-absorbing material includes a compound, wherein the compound has a perovskite crystal structure represented by the formula AMX3 where a Cs+ ion is located at an A-site, a Ge2+ ion is located at an M-site, and I? ions are located at X-sites, and at least a part of the compound has an orthorhombic perovskite crystal structure. An X-ray diffraction pattern of the compound measured using Cu K? radiation may have a first peak at a diffraction angle (2?) of 25.4° or more and 25.8° or less and a second peak at a diffraction angle (2?) of 24.9° or more and 25.3° or less, and an intensity of the first peak may be 30% or more of an intensity of the second peak.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing joined body including: firstly, putting sheet material in intimate contact with first substrate to cover, with resin layer of sheet material, areas of first substrate including first area, boundary area surrounding first area, and second area located across from first area with respect to boundary area, sheet material being laminate including resin layer and separable layer, resin layer containing uncured sealing resin; secondly, curing sealing resin in part of resin layer covering boundary area; thirdly, removing, along with separable layer, part of resin layer covering second area in one direction from one end towards the other of two ends of second area; and fourthly, joining first substrate and second substrate together by arranging second substrate to face first substrate and curing sealing resin with parts of resin layer covering boundary area and first area located between second substrate and first substrate.

Abstract: A light-absorbing material includes a compound, wherein the compound has a perovskite crystal structure represented by the formula AMX3 where a Cs+ ion is located at an A-site, a Ge2+ ion is located at an M-site, and I? ions are located at X-sites, and at least a part of the compound has an orthorhombic perovskite crystal structure. An X-ray diffraction pattern of the compound measured using Cu K? radiation may have a first peak at a diffraction angle (2?) of 25.4° or more and 25.8° or less and a second peak at a diffraction angle (2?) of 24.9° or more and 25.3° or less, and an intensity of the first peak may be 30% or more of an intensity of the second peak.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion material includes a germanane derivative having a composition represented by GeXMYHZ. M includes at least one of Ga and In. X?Y, X?Z>0, and X+Y=1 are satisfied. A solar cell includes: a first electrode having electrical conductivity; a second electrode having electrical conductivity; and a light-absorbing layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, the light-absorbing layer converting incident light into electric charge. The light-absorbing layer includes the photoelectric conversion material above.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a joined body, including: covering a first area and a second area of a first substrate with a sheet of resin in uncured state; separating a part of the sheet covering the second area from the first substrate, the separating performed after the covering; and joining the first substrate with a second substrate by arranging the second substrate to face the first substrate with a part of the sheet covering the first area between the first substrate and the second substrate, and curing the resin in the part of the sheet covering the first area, the joining performed after the separating. In the method, during the separating, a phase difference ? between stress and strain in the part of the sheet covering the second area is no greater than 48 degrees.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a joined body composed of a first substrate and a second substrate joined together by sealing resin material attached to a predetermined area of the first substrate includes: attaching a sheet material to the first substrate so as to cover the predetermined area, the sheet material including a sheet base material and the resin material provided on one main surface of the sheet base material; forming, after the attaching, in the sheet material, a slit by reducing a thickness of the resin material along an outline of the predetermined area; and separating, after the forming, part of the resin material inside the slit from the sheet base material to keep the part of the resin material inside the slit on the predetermined area of the first substrate and not to keep the rest of the resin material outside the slit on the first substrate.

Abstract: A display device includes: an element substrate on which light-emitting elements are arranged, the light-emitting elements being arranged in a display region of the element substrate; a sealing resin layer located over the light-emitting elements arranged on the element substrate; and an opposite substrate located opposite the element substrate with the sealing resin layer therebetween. The sealing resin layer includes: a first sealing portion formed along an outer periphery of the display region so as to have a frame-like shape; a second sealing portion formed so as to cover the display region within the first sealing portion; and a dendritic portion being a branched extension of the second sealing portion that extends into the first sealing portion. A tip of the dendritic portion is located within an outer periphery of the first sealing portion.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a joined body, including: covering a first area and a second area of a first substrate with a sheet of resin in uncured state; separating a part of the sheet covering the second area from the first substrate, the separating performed after the covering; and joining the first substrate with a second substrate by arranging the second substrate to face the first substrate with a part of the sheet covering the first area between the first substrate and the second substrate, and curing the resin in the part of the sheet covering the first area, the joining performed after the separating. In the method, during the separating, a phase difference ? between stress and strain in the part of the sheet covering the second area is no greater than 48 degrees.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing joined body including: firstly, putting sheet material in intimate contact with first substrate to cover, with resin layer of sheet material, areas of first substrate including first area, boundary area surrounding first area, and second area located across from first area with respect to boundary area, sheet material being laminate including resin layer and separable layer, resin layer containing uncured sealing resin; secondly, curing sealing resin in part of resin layer covering boundary area; thirdly, removing, along with separable layer, part of resin layer covering second area in one direction from one end towards the other of two ends of second area; and fourthly, joining first substrate and second substrate together by arranging second substrate to face first substrate and curing sealing resin with parts of resin layer covering boundary area and first area located between second substrate and first substrate.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a joined body composed of a first substrate and a second substrate joined together by sealing resin material attached to a predetermined area of the first substrate includes: attaching a sheet material to the first substrate so as to cover the predetermined area, the sheet material including a sheet base material and the resin material provided on one main surface of the sheet base material; forming, after the attaching, in the sheet material, a slit by reducing a thickness of the resin material along an outline of the predetermined area; and separating, after the forming, part of the resin material inside the slit from the sheet base material to keep the part of the resin material inside the slit on the predetermined area of the first substrate and not to keep the rest of the resin material outside the slit on the first substrate.

Abstract: A display device includes: an element substrate on which light-emitting elements are arranged, the light-emitting elements being arranged in a display region of the element substrate; a sealing resin layer located over the light-emitting elements arranged on the element substrate; and an opposite substrate located opposite the element substrate with the sealing resin layer therebetween. The sealing resin layer includes: a first sealing portion formed along an outer periphery of the display region so as to have a frame-like shape; a second sealing portion formed so as to cover the display region within the first sealing portion; and a dendritic portion being a branched extension of the second sealing portion that extends into the first sealing portion. A tip of the dendritic portion is located within an outer periphery of the first sealing portion.

Abstract: A display panel enabling constraint of void formation between substrates and minimizing the effect of any voids formed, has for at least one pixel, a distance between the element surface and the element opposing surface corresponding to each light-emitting element of the pixel that is smaller than a distance between the inter-pixel surface and the inter-pixel opposing surface in an inter-pixel area between neighboring pixels, and smaller than a distance between the inter-element surface and the inter-element opposing surface corresponding to the light-emitting elements, and on the element substrate, the distance between neighboring pixels is greater than a distance between neighboring light-emitting elements, and a distance between the inter-pixel surface and the inter-pixel opposing surface is greater than a maximum distance between the inter-element surface and the inter-element opposing surface.