Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a rotatable image bearing member and a rotatable developing member to carry developer made up of toner particles and carrier particles adhered to surfaces of the toner particles. Where a pressing force pressing the developing member against the image bearing member is F1, a total number of the carrier particles interposed between the toner particles and the image bearing member is N1, and an adhesion Ft between a carrier particle and a toner particle, measured when the carrier particle is pressed against the toner particle with F1/N1 that is a pressing force per unit carrier particle, and an adhesion Fdr1 between the carrier particle and the image bearing member, measured when the carrier particle is pressed against the image bearing member with F1/N1, satisfy Ft?Fdr1.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a rotatable image bearing member and a rotatable developing member to carry developer made up of toner particles and carrier particles adhered to surfaces of the toner particles. Where a pressing force pressing the developing member against the image bearing member is F1, a total number of the carrier particles interposed between the toner particles and the image bearing member is N1, and an adhesion Ft between a carrier particle and a toner particle, measured when the carrier particle is pressed against the toner particle with F1/N1 that is a pressing force per unit carrier particle, and an adhesion Fdr1 between the carrier particle and the image bearing member, measured when the carrier particle is pressed against the image bearing member with F1/N1, satisfy Ft?Fdr1.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, an exposure unit, a developing member, and a control unit. The exposure unit exposes a surface of the image bearing member to light to form an electrostatic latent image. The developing member develops the electrostatic latent image by using toner to form a toner image. In image formation based on input image data, the control unit uses the exposure unit to control a maximum gradation value of the toner image to be formed on the image bearing member surface, based on a repetition length of a dither pattern. The control unit performs control so that the maximum gradation value is larger in a case where a first dither pattern having a first length as the repetition length is used than where a second dither pattern having a second length longer than the first length as the repetition length is used.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a carbon fiber bundle, the method including steps (b) to (e) described below: (b) an oil agent application step of applying a silicone oil agent to a precursor fiber bundle to produce an oil-agent-attached precursor fiber bundle; (d) a stabilization step of subjecting the oil-agent-attached precursor fiber bundle to an oxidization treatment to produce an oxidized fiber bundle; and (e) a carbonization step of carbonizing the oxidized fiber bundle, wherein the silicone oil agent has a skin over time at 250° C. of less than 40 minutes.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, an exposure unit, a developing member, and a control unit. The exposure unit exposes a surface of the image bearing member to light to form an electrostatic latent image. The developing member develops the electrostatic latent image by using toner to form a toner image. In image formation based on input image data, the control unit uses the exposure unit to control a maximum gradation value of the toner image to be formed on the image bearing member surface, based on a repetition length of a dither pattern. The control unit performs control so that the maximum gradation value is larger in a case where a first dither pattern having a first length as the repetition length is used than where a second dither pattern having a second length longer than the first length as the repetition length is used.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a rotatable image bearing member and a rotatable developing member to carry developer made up of toner particles and carrier particles adhered to surfaces of the toner particles. Where a pressing force pressing the developing member against the image bearing member is F1, a total number of the carrier particles interposed between the toner particles and the image bearing member is N1, and an adhesion Ft between a carrier particle and a toner particle, measured when the carrier particle is pressed against the toner particle with F1/N1 that is a pressing force per unit carrier particle, and an adhesion Fdr1 between the carrier particle and the image bearing member, measured when the carrier particle is pressed against the image bearing member with F1/N1, satisfy Ft?Fdr1.