Abstract: A color material aqueous solution having excellent thermal stability under acidic conditions, a method for manufacturing such a color material aqueous solution, and a blue-colored beverage are provided. Provided are: an acidic color material aqueous solution containing phycocyanin (A), a polyvalent carboxylic acid (B) containing one or more hydroxy groups, and at least one kind of nonionic emulsifier (C) selected from the group consisting of sucrose esters and polyglycerol esters, the at least one kind of nonionic emulsifier (C) having an HLB of 15 or more; a method for manufacturing an acidic color material aqueous solution including a step of dissolution in water (D); a method for manufacturing a color material aqueous solution in which the raw materials are dissolved in water; and a blue-colored beverage.

Abstract: The present invention provides an aqueous pigment-material solution which has excellent thermal stability and less fading particularly even under an acidic condition, a method for producing the same, and a blue-colored beverage. Provided are an aqueous pigment-material solution including a pigment material containing 20 mmol to 200 mmol of polycarboxylic acid having one or more hydroxy groups, in terms of carboxylic acid equivalent, per 1 g of phycocyanin, in which when both the phycocyanin and the polycarboxylic acid are added such that a color value represented by absorbance at 620 nm is 2.5 to 5, an optical density per 1 cm of an optical path length at 800 nm is 0.05 or lower at a hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of 3 or lower, a method for producing the aqueous pigment-material solution, and a blue-colored beverage.

Abstract: A color material aqueous solution having excellent thermal stability under acidic conditions, a method for manufacturing such a color material aqueous solution, and a blue-colored beverage are provided. Provided are: an acidic color material aqueous solution containing phycocyanin (A), a polyvalent carboxylic acid (B) containing one or more hydroxy groups, and at least one kind of nonionic emulsifier (C) selected from the group consisting of sucrose esters and polyglycerol esters, the at least one kind of nonionic emulsifier (C) having an HLB of 15 or more; a method for manufacturing an acidic color material aqueous solution including a step of dissolution in water (D); a method for manufacturing a color material aqueous solution in which the raw materials are dissolved in water; and a blue-colored beverage.

Abstract: The present invention provides an aqueous pigment-material solution which has excellent thermal stability and less fading particularly even under an acidic condition, a method for producing the same, and a blue-colored beverage. Provided are an aqueous pigment-material solution including a pigment material containing 20 mmol to 200 mmol of polycarboxylic acid having one or more hydroxy groups, in terms of carboxylic acid equivalent, per 1 g of phycocyanin, in which when both the phycocyanin and the polycarboxylic acid are added such that a color value represented by absorbance at 620 nm is 2.5 to 5, an optical density per 1 cm of an optical path length at 800 nm is 0.05 or lower at a hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of 3 or lower, a method for producing the aqueous pigment-material solution, and a blue-colored beverage.

Abstract: In order to reduce the amount of time from when signals are sent to solenoid valves 19, 23, 24 for adjusting hydraulic pressures inside hydraulic pressure chambers of various hydraulic devices 7, 8, 14 assembled in a continuously variable transmission device until the hydraulic pressures are actually changed is shortened, the solenoid valves 19, 23, 24 adjust the hydraulic pressures inside hydraulic pressure chambers connected to hydraulic introduction paths where the solenoid valves 19, 23, 24 are provided by adjusting apertures of the solenoid valves 19, 23, 24 set according to duty cycles, and a controller 16 for the solenoid valves 19, 23, 24, when the apertures of solenoid valves 19, 23, 24 are changed beyond specified values to desired apertures, adjusts the apertures beyond the desired apertures to a state where the apertures have been changed a maximum amount, then after a specified amount of time, returns the apertures to the desired apertures.

Abstract: In order to reduce the amount of time from when signals are sent to solenoid valves 19, 23, 24 for adjusting hydraulic pressures inside hydraulic pressure chambers of various hydraulic devices 7, 8, 14 assembled in a continuously variable transmission device until the hydraulic pressures are actually changed is shortened, the solenoid valves 19, 23, 24 adjust the hydraulic pressures inside hydraulic pressure chambers connected to hydraulic introduction paths where the solenoid valves 19, 23, 24 are provided by adjusting apertures of the solenoid valves 19, 23, 24 set according to duty cycles, and a controller 16 for the solenoid valves 19, 23, 24, when the apertures of solenoid valves 19, 23, 24 are changed beyond specified values to desired apertures, adjusts the apertures beyond the desired apertures to a state where the apertures have been changed a maximum amount, then after a specified amount of time, returns the apertures to the desired apertures.

Abstract: Construction is achieved that is capable of ensuring reliability of a learned value for a step position of a stepping motor 24 which becomes the criterion for the transmission gear ratio control of a toroidal continuously variable transmission 4 without losing opportunities for learning more than necessary even when the ignition switch is turned OFF during learning of the step position. The controller 11 determines the ON/OFF state of the ignition switch 33, and when it is determined that the ignition switch 33 is in the OFF state, the controller 11 prevents learning control from being executed. The state in which the rpm of the engine 1 is dropping from after the ignition switch 33 is turned OFF is eliminated from being an object of learning control for learning the step position, such that erroneous learning is prevented, while the state in which the rpm of the engine 1 becomes stable after the ignition switch 33 is turned ON is not eliminated.

Abstract: Construction is achieved that is capable of ensuring reliability of a learned value for a position of an adjustment member 24 which becomes the criterion for the transmission gear ratio control of a toroidal continuously variable transmission 4. As conditions for allowing learning of a controller 11 that controls the adjustment member 24, in which the controller 11 adjusts the transmission gear ratio of the toroidal continuously variable transmission 4 to a state in which the rotation speed of an output shaft 14 becomes “0”, learns and saves in memory the position of the adjustment member 24 in this state as the position in which the output shaft 14 is stopped while an input shaft 3 is rotated as is, the controller 11 determining whether or not the engine 1 rpm is unstable, and prohibiting execution of this learning control if the engine 1 rpm is determined as being unstable due to the engine 1 rpm fluctuating greater than the normal amount of fluctuation during idling or the like, are included.

Abstract: Construction of a continuously variable transmission device for a vehicle is achieved that, when a shift lever is shifted to a selection position for a direction opposite the traveling direction at that time, it is capable of preventing the vehicle from continuing to travel at high speed in a direction opposite the direction intended by the operator. When the shift lever is shifted to a selection position of a direction opposite the traveling direction at that time, and the vehicle speed is faster than a specified speed (V1), the connection of a clutch device that transmits power between a continuously variable transmission mechanism and a differential gear mechanism is disconnected, and the drive force from the drive source is prevented from being further transmitted to the wheels.

Abstract: Construction of a continuously variable transmission device for a vehicle is achieved that, when a shift lever is shifted to a selection position for a direction opposite the traveling direction at that time, it is capable of preventing the vehicle from continuing to travel at high speed in a direction opposite the direction intended by the operator. When the shift lever is shifted to a selection position of a direction opposite the traveling direction at that time, and the vehicle speed is faster than a specified speed (V1), the connection of a clutch device that transmits power between a continuously variable transmission mechanism and a differential gear mechanism is disconnected, and the drive force from the drive source is prevented from being further transmitted to the wheels.

Abstract: Construction is achieved that is capable of ensuring reliability of a learned value for a step position of a stepping motor 24 which becomes the criterion for the transmission gear ratio control of a toroidal continuously variable transmission 4 without losing opportunities for learning more than necessary even when the ignition switch is turned OFF during learning of the step position. The controller 11 determines the ON/OFF state of the ignition switch 33, and when it is determined that the ignition switch 33 is in the OFF state, the controller 11 prevents learning control from being executed. The state in which the rpm of the engine 1 is dropping from after the ignition switch 33 is turned OFF is eliminated from being an object of learning control for learning the step position, such that erroneous learning is prevented, while the state in which the rpm of the engine 1 becomes stable after the ignition switch 33 is turned ON is not eliminated.

Abstract: Construction is achieved that is capable of ensuring reliability of a learned value for a position of an adjustment member 24 which becomes the criterion for the transmission gear ratio control of a toroidal continuously variable transmission 4. As conditions for allowing learning of a controller 11 that controls the adjustment member 24, in which the controller 11 adjusts the transmission gear ratio of the toroidal continuously variable transmission 4 to a state in which the rotation speed of an output shaft 14 becomes “0”, learns and saves in memory the position of the adjustment member 24 in this state as the position in which the output shaft 14 is stopped while an input shaft 3 is rotated as is, the controller 11 determining whether or not the engine 1 rpm is unstable, and prohibiting execution of this learning control if the engine 1 rpm is determined as being unstable due to the engine 1 rpm fluctuating greater than the normal amount of fluctuation during idling or the like, are included.