Abstract: Disclosed herein are an image-forming process which comprises steps of:uniformly charging a latent image carrier by a charging member disposed in contact with or in close vicinity to the latent image carrier,forming a latent image pattern on the latent image carrier by exposure,developing the formed latent image pattern with a developer composed of image-developing particles and conductive particles having an average particle size of smaller than that of said image-developing particles, thereby transferring at least said image-developing particles in the developer to the latent image carrier, andtransferring the image-developing particles transferred to the latent image carrier, to a transfer material; a developer for use in the image-forming process; and an image-forming system.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an electrostatic developer comprising image-forming particles which are magnetic, conductive particles having an average particle size of not more than that of the image-forming particles and more than 0.1 .mu.m, and particles obtainable by subjecting insulative inorganic oxide particles having a frictional charging polarity opposite to that of the image-forming particles to a hydrophobic treatment with silicone; and an electrostatic developing method in which the developer is used.

Abstract: A carrier for developing electrostatic latent images is disclosed, which comprises a core material at least a part of which is coated with a resin containing a copolymer comprised of vinylidene chloride and at least one monomer having an unsaturated double bond and being copolymerizable with vinylidene chloride, wherein the copolymer is comprised of (a) from 70 to 30 mol % of vinylidene chloride, (b) from 20 to 60 mol % of acrylonitrile and/or an acrylonitrile derivative, and (c) from 0 to 40 mol % of a monomer having an unsaturated double bond and being copolymerizable with components (a) and (b). An electrophotographic developer containing the carrier and an electrophotographic developing process using the developer are also disclosed.

Abstract: An image readout device having a plurality of readout elements for converting image into electrical signals, each element having a photoconductive layer and a pair of electrodes which contact the photoconductive layer, and between which the layer is disposed. The photoconductive layer contains a charge generation material and a charge transport material. Oxytitanium phthalocyanine is used as the charge generation material.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an electrophotographic photoreceptor having on a conductive base at least one charge generation layer and at least one charge transport layer, said charge transport layer having the thickness of 27 .mu.m or above and being formed with a coating solution containing a condensation polymer of the viscosity-average molecular weight of 15,000 to 25,000 as a binder resin according to the dip coating method. The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to the present invention has the excellent durability because the resultant charge transport layer has the increased and uniform thickness without changing the electric properties, especially the charged potential.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an electrophotographic photoreceptor having on a conductive base at least one charge generation layer and at least one charge transport layer, the charge transport layer containing a metal complex or salt of an aromatic carboxylic acid represented by the following general formula (I):ArCOOH (I)wherein Ar is an aromatic cyclic residue or an aromatic heterocyclic residue, optionally having one or more substituents. The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to the present invention has the excellent durability.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an electrophotographic photoreceptor having on a conductive base at least one charge generation layer and at least one charge transfer layer, which comprises a sulfonate ester compound represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are independently hydrogen atom, halogen atom, cyano group, nitro group or alkyl group; R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8 and R.sup.9 are independently hydrogen atom or halogen atom; and X is cyano group, alkoxycarbonyl group, optionally substituted aryloxycarbonyl group or optionally substituted aryl group, in the charge transfer layer. The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to the present invention has the excellent durability.

Abstract: An insulative magnetic toner disclosed herein comprises a magnetic powder, a negative charge control agent, a binder resin and a compound having phenazine ring amorphous-silicon photoreceptor.The magnetic toner according to the invention is effective for preventing the occurrence of picture image blurring under high humidity when used in an amorphous-silicon photoreceptor.

Abstract: An amorphous silicon photoreceptor for electrophotography having a specific surface roughness is disclosed herein. Also provided are a process for the preparation and/or regeneration of the material and improved methods for electrophotography, which use a special abrasive. The material enables the electrophotography without occurance of any image blurring under high humidity conditions.