Abstract: A vehicle anti-lock braking system having a master cylinder operated upon operation of a brake operating member, a wheel cylinder activated by a pressure produced by the master cylinder, and an anti-lock control device which includes a slip ratio detector for detecting a slip ratio of a drive wheel of the vehicle, and a pressure regulating device for controlling a pressure in the wheel cylinder, so as to maintain the slip ratio in an optimum range. The system also has a traction control device including a traction control power source, and a communication switching device for selective communication of the pressure regulating device with the traction control power source or the master cylinder.

Abstract: An accumulator has a piston axially slidably disposed in a cylinder mounted in a casing, the cylinder and the piston jointly defining a reservoir communicating with an inlet/outlet port in the casing. A piston rod axially movably disposed in the casing has an end slidably fitted in the cylindrical hole of the piston. The piston rod is normally urged by a spring to force the piston into the reservoir. The accumulator also includes a switch mechanism for detecting the position of the piston in the cylinder. The switch mechanism may comprise a reed switch, a light-sensitive switch, a pressure-sensitive switch, or a pushbutton switch.

Abstract: An automotive anti-lock brake control system includes first and second directional control valves selectively shiftable between a first position in which a master cylinder communicates with first and second wheel cylinders associated with front and rear wheels, respectively, and a second position in which the first and second wheel cylinders communicate with a reservoir. A proportional valve is disposed between the master cylinder and the second directional control valve for producing a fluid pressure difference between the first and second wheel cylinders. The brake fluid stored in the reservoir is pumped by a fluid pump back to a pipe portion between the master cylinder and the proportional valve.

Abstract: A hydraulic pressure control device in a vehicle anti-skid braking system includes a brake master cylinder, a wheel brake actuating cylinder for braking a wheel in response to a fluid pressure from the brake master cylinder, and a directional control valve actuatable in response to a control signal from a control unit which detects a wheel condition such as wheel skidding, for returning a braking fluid from the wheel brake actuating cylinder via a return passage to a fluid pressure supply passage connected to the master cylinder. The return passage has an accumulator for storing part of the fluid from the wheel brake actuating cylinder in an anti-skid control mode. A fluid overflow from the accumulator is delivered via a restriction in the supply passage to the master cylinder to act on the brake pedal as a pedal reaction.

Abstract: A hydraulic pressure control device in a vehicle anti-skid braking system includes a brake master cylinder, a wheel brake actuating cylinder for braking a wheel in response to a fluid pressure from the brake master cylinder, a directional control valve actuatable in response to a signal from a control unit which detects a wheel condition such as wheel skidding, and a pressure control valve for disconnecting the brake master cylinder from a fluid pressure supply passage when a fluid pressure is supplied from the wheel brake actuating cylinder into a fluid pressure return passage connected to the pressure control valve when the directional control valve is actuated.

Abstract: An anti-skid brake system for a brake cylinder of a vehicle, comprising: a primary fluid passage for connecting a master cylinder to the brake cylinder; a solenoid-operated directional control valve disposed in the primary fluid passage for communication of the brake cylinder selectively with the master cylinder or a brake fluid reservoir; a control device sensing a skidding condition of a wheel at which the brake cylinder is disposed, and controlling the directional control valve according to the sensed skidding condition of the wheel; a restrictor disposed in the primary fluid passage in series connection with the directional control valve; and a shut-off valve disposed in the primary fluid passage in parallel connection with the restrictor and controlled by the control device, the shut-off valve being normally placed in its open position, and brought into its closed position at the time when the control device has started to activate the directional control valve for preventing the wheel from skidding.

Abstract: A hydraulic pressure control device in a vehicle anti-skid braking system includes a wheel brake actuating cylinder for braking a vehicle wheel, a fluid pressure supply passage connected between a master cylinder and the wheel brake actuating cylinder and having a restriction, and a first directional control valve disposed in the fluid pressure supply passage and having at least pressure-increasing and pressure-decreasing modes, the first directional control valve being normally in the pressure-increasing mode to connect the master cylinder to the fluid pressure supply passage. A second directional control valve is connected between the master cylinder and the wheel brake actuating cylinder, the second directional control valve being normally open to provide a bypass passage across the first directional control valve to connect the master cylinder passage to the wheel brake actuating cylinder.

Abstract: In an anti-skid braking apparatus for vehicles of the type having a fluid-pressure control valve arranged between a master cylinder and a wheel cylinder for controlling the brake fluid pressure within the wheel cylinder, when it is detected that the vehicle stops, the fluid-pressure control valve is controlled so as to assume a pressure-maintaining mode and a pressure-increasing mode alternately for a predetermined period of time as long as the brake pedal is continuously depressed. As a result, the pressure of the fluid increases stepwise preventing the occurrence of uncomfortable kickback at the brake pedal.

Abstract: A hydraulic pressure control device in a vehicle anti-skid braking system includes a brake master cylinder, a wheel brake actuating cylinder for braking a wheel in response to a fluid pressure from the brake master cylinder, a directional control valve connected between the brake master cylinder and the wheel brake actuating cylinder and shiftable between pressure-increasing and pressure-decreasing modes, and a pressure control valve for connecting the brake master cylinder to a fluid pressure return passage having a reservoir, a pump, and an accumulator when the directional control valve is in the pressure-increasing mode.

Abstract: An electromagnetic reed valve comprises a pressing member which is mounted at a plunger. The pressing member is urged by a spring toward a reed valve body, so that the pressing member urges at least that portion of the reed valve body which confronts the outlet of a valve chamber, when the outlet is closed by the reed valve body.

Abstract: An air flow control valve means for controlling air bleed of internal combustion engine. The air flow control valve means includes a valve housing, an air cleaner means attached to the valve housing, and a valve element adapted for opening and closing the air passage communicated with the air bleed passage. The valve housing is provided with tubular portions projected to the upstream side as viewed in the direction of flow of air introduced into the valve housing. The tubular portion has therein a bypass air passage which open at the end portion of the tubular portion. According to this arrangement, it is possible to avoid any foreign matters from coming into the bypass passage.

Abstract: A fluid control valve assembly for controlling the flow of fluid passing through a fluid passageway defined in a valve body and having an inlet end and an outlet end. A bellows formed of low tackiness material has fixed one end wall secured to the valve body and the other movable end wall connected to a valve stem. The valve stem is actuated by an actuator to move the other movable end wall of the bellows between a closed position in which the other movable end wall is brought into direct contact with a valve seat located in the fluid passageway and an open position in which the other movable end wall is brought out of engagement with the valve seat.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine comprising a carburetor which has a main air bleed passage and a slow air bleed passage. An air-fuel ratio of the mixture fed into the cylinder of an engine is so controlled that it becomes equal to the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio by a single electromagnetic control valve arranged in the main air bleed passage and the slow air bleed passage. The control valve comprises a first reed valve arranged in the slow air bleed passage, a second reed valve arranged in the main air bleed passage, and an electromagnetic device simultaneously actuating the first reed valve and the second reed valve while maintaining the opening area of the first reed valve at an area which is larger than the opening area of the second reed valve.

Abstract: An idling speed control device of an internal combustion engine having a bypass passage which interconnects the intake passage located upstream of the throttle valve to the intake passage located downstream of the throttle valve has a flow control valve device arranged in the bypass passage and actuated by a stepper motor for controlling the amount of air flowing within the bypass passage to maintain the idling speed of the engine at a predetermined speed. The flow control valve device comprises a valve chamber having an air inlet opening and an air outlet opening which is connected to the intake passage located downstream of the throttle valve. The air inlet opening is formed on the inner bottom wall of the valve chamber and connected via the bypass passage to the intake passage located upstream of the throttle valve.