Abstract: A solid-state imaging device including pixel photododes on a light-receiving surface of a substrate; a first insulating film on the substrate covering a multilayer wiring on and in contact with the substrate. The first insulating film comprises material of a first refractive index lower than a refractive index of the substrate for at least bottom and top surface portions of the first insulating film. A second insulating film with a second refractive index higher than the first refractive index is on the first insulating film. A third insulating film with a third refractive index higher than the second refractive index is on the second insulating film. For each pixel, a color filter is on the third insulating film.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device includes a light sensing portion which is formed on a substrate and generates a signal electric charge according to incident light; a rectangular or gradient-index on-chip micro lens formed on a light incident side above the light sensing portion; and a planarized lens layer which covers the on-chip micro lens and is formed in such a manner that a light incident surface is planarized.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device including pixel photododes on a light-receiving surface of a substrate; a first insulating film on the substrate covering a multilayer wiring on and in contact with the substrate. The first insulating film comprises material of a first refractive index lower than a refractive index of the substrate for at least bottom and top surface portions of the first insulating film. A second insulating film with a second refractive index higher than the first refractive index is on the first insulating film. A third insulating film with a third refractive index higher than the second refractive index is on the second insulating film. For each pixel, a color filter is on the third insulating film.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device includes light-sensing sections serving as pixels, and waveguides each including a core layer and a cladding layer, the waveguides each being disposed at a position corresponding to one of the light-sensing sections. A cross-sectional structure of the waveguide taken in the horizontal direction of an imaging plane is different from a cross-sectional structure of the waveguide taken in the vertical direction of the imaging plane.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device includes a light sensing portion which is formed on a substrate and generates a signal electric charge according to incident light; a rectangular or gradient-index on-chip micro lens formed on a light incident side above the light sensing portion; and a planarized lens layer which covers the on-chip micro lens and is formed in such a manner that a light incident surface is planarized.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device includes a light sensing portion which is formed on a substrate and generates a signal electric charge according to incident light; a rectangular or gradient-index on-chip micro lens formed on a light incident side above the light sensing portion; and a planarized lens layer which covers the on-chip micro lens and is formed in such a manner that a light incident surface is planarized.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device including a light-receiving portion, which serves as a pixel, and a waveguide, which is disposed at a location in accordance with the light-receiving portion and which includes a clad layer and a core layer embedded having a refractive index distribution in the wave-guiding direction.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device includes a light-receiving portion, which serves as a pixel, and a waveguide, which is disposed at a location in accordance with the light-receiving portion and which includes a clad layer and a core layer embedded having a refractive index distribution in the wave-guiding direction.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device includes a light sensing portion which is formed on a substrate and generates a signal electric charge according to incident light; a rectangular or gradient-index on-chip micro lens formed on a light incident side above the light sensing portion; and a planarized lens layer which covers the on-chip micro lens and is formed in such a manner that a light incident surface is planarized.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device includes a light-receiving portion, which serves as a pixel, and a waveguide, which is disposed at a location in accordance with the light-receiving portion and which includes a clad layer and a core layer embedded having a refractive index distribution in the wave-guiding direction.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device includes light-sensing sections serving as pixels, and waveguides each including a core layer and a cladding layer, the waveguides each being disposed at a position corresponding to one of the light-sensing sections. A cross-sectional structure of the waveguide taken in the horizontal direction of an imaging plane is different from a cross-sectional structure of the waveguide taken in the vertical direction of the imaging plane.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device includes, on a substrate, a pixel having a luminescent functional layer which is sandwiched by a first electrode and a second electrode, and a unit pixel group composed of a plurality of the pixels. A scattering portion which scatters luminescent light of the luminescent functional layer is provided in a pixel selected from the unit pixel group.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide a liquid crystal display capable of effectively reducing or preventing the alignment disorder of liquid crystal caused by an active element for switching a pixel, capable of achieving uniform and wide viewing angle display, and preferably capable of high quality color display. The liquid crystal display according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention includes an element substrate having a plurality of pixels, each pixel mainly including a pixel electrode and a TFD element; an opposite substrate opposing the element substrate; and a liquid crystal layer between both substrates. The liquid crystal layer includes liquid crystal with negative dielectric anisotropy, the initial alignment of molecules of the liquid crystal being vertical. A dielectric projection is provided on the inner side of the element substrate or the opposite substrate, the dielectric projection being located in the same position as the TFD element in plan view.

Abstract: A light-emitting device is provided in which a plurality of thin films including a light-emitting layer are stacked. The light-emitting device includes a waveform structure having a directive scattering function in one interface between the thin films.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device includes, on a substrate, a pixel having a luminescent functional layer which is sandwiched by a first electrode and a second electrode, and a unit pixel group composed of a plurality of the pixels. A scattering portion which scatters luminescent light of the luminescent functional layer is provided in a pixel selected from the unit pixel group.

Abstract: An electro-optical device includes a pair of substrates; electro-optical material that is inserted between the pair of substrates; and an alignment film that is formed on a surface contacting the electro-optical material on at least one substrate of the pair of substrates. In the electro-optical device, the alignment film is formed by laminating a regulation layer and an auxiliary layer on the surface, the regulation layer exerting an alignment regulating force to regulate alignment of the electro-optical material in a particular direction on the surface, and the auxiliary layer provided below the regulation layer and exerting an alignment regulating force in at least an azimuthal direction along the surface of the particular direction to assist the regulation layer for the alignment regulating force of the regulation layer.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide a liquid crystal display capable of effectively reducing or preventing the alignment disorder of liquid crystal caused by an active element for switching a pixel, capable of achieving uniform and wide viewing angle display, and preferably capable of high quality color display. The liquid crystal display according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention includes an element substrate having a plurality of pixels, each pixel mainly including a pixel electrode and a TFD element; an opposite substrate opposing the element substrate; and a liquid crystal layer between both substrates. The liquid crystal layer includes liquid crystal with negative dielectric anisotropy, the initial alignment of molecules of the liquid crystal being vertical. A dielectric projection is provided on the inner side of the element substrate or the opposite substrate, the dielectric projection being located in the same position as the TFD element in plan view.