Abstract: A liquid discharge apparatus includes a head including a piezoelectric element and a nozzle, the head configured to drive the piezoelectric element to discharge a liquid from the nozzle, a drive waveform generator configured to generate a drive waveform to be applied to the piezoelectric element of the head, the drive waveform including a non-discharge pulse configured to drive the piezoelectric element to a degree at which the liquid is not discharged from the nozzle, and a discharge pulse applied to the piezoelectric element after the non-discharge pulse, the discharge pulse configured to drive the piezoelectric element to discharge the liquid from the nozzle, a switch between the head and the drive waveform generator, the switch configured to be switched to an ON-state in which the drive waveform passes the switch or to an OFF-state in which the drive waveform does not pass the switch.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head having a nozzle substrate including a nozzle from which a liquid is discharged in a liquid discharge direction, a pressure chamber communicating with the nozzle, a diaphragm defining a part of wall of the pressure chamber, and a pressure generator on a first surface of the diaphragm opposite to a second surface of the diaphragm facing the pressure chamber, the pressure generator configured to deform the diaphragm. A gap between a first line and a second line is 40 ?m or less in a direction perpendicular to the liquid discharge direction, where the first line extends, in the liquid discharge direction, from a displacement center at which the diaphragm deforms with a maximum displacement amount, and the second line extends from a central position of the nozzle in the liquid discharge direction.

Abstract: A high-manganese, non-magnetic steel having excellent weldability and machinability and suitable for use in the structural parts of electrical equipment or nuclear fusion equipment consisting essentially of (% by weight):______________________________________ carbon 0.55-0.80 silicon 0.1-1.2 manganese 10.0-14.5 nickel 0.3-3.0 chromium 0.5-3.6 nitrogen 0.01-0.2 ______________________________________balance iron and inevitable impurities. The steel may further contain at least one element of 0.01 to 1.0% of molybdenum, 0.01 to 0.5% of vanadium, 0.01 to 0.5% of niobium, 0.005 to 0.5% of titanium, 0.01 to 1.0% of zirconium, 0.0007 to 0.005% of calcium, 0.01 to 0.15% of sulfur, 0.03 to 0.2% of selenium, 0.03 to 0.2% of lead, and 0.01 to 0.8% of tin.