Abstract: A liquid composition for electrodes is capable of forming an isolation layer having an excellent adhesion to the electrode composite material layer when used as an electrode for an electrochemical device. A corresponding electrochemical device has excellent electrochemical device characteristics. The liquid composition for an electrode contains inorganic particles, a resin, and a dispersant. The resin is soluble in a non-polar solvent or in a mixed solvent containing a non-polar solvent, and the resin has an ethylene oxide chain in a main chain.

Abstract: A liquid composition for manufacturing electrodes contains a radical polymerizable composition containing an ethylenically unsaturated compound having an oxyethylene group and a polymerization inhibitor, wherein infrared absorption spectra before curing the radical polymerizable composition include a first absorption band in a range of 1640 to 1620 cm?1, a second absorption band in a range of 1430 to 1400 cm?1, and a third absorption band in a range of 820 to 800 cm?1, and the second absorption band has a greater absorption intensity than the third absorption band, and the third absorption band has a greater absorption intensity than the first absorption band, and wherein the infrared absorption spectra after curing the radical polymerizable composition are substantially free of the first absorption band, the second absorption band, and third absorption band.

Abstract: A porous insulator contains a porous structure, containing a polymer compound having communicating pores, and a solid having a melting point or glass transition temperature lower than that of the polymer compound.

Abstract: A porous insulator is provided. The porous insulator comprises a porous structure comprising a polymer compound having communicating pores, and a solid having a melting point or glass transition temperature lower than that of the polymer compound.

Abstract: A liquid composition for manufacturing electrodes contains a radical polymerizable composition containing an ethylenically unsaturated compound having an oxyethylene group and a polymerization inhibitor, wherein infrared absorption spectra before curing the radical polymerizable composition include a first absorption band in a range of 1640 to 1620 cm?1, a second absorption band in a range of 1430 to 1400 cm?1, and a third absorption band in a range of 820 to 800 cm?1, and the second absorption band has a greater absorption intensity than the third absorption band, and the third absorption band has a greater absorption intensity than the first absorption band, and wherein the infrared absorption spectra after curing the radical polymerizable composition are substantially free of the first absorption band, the second absorption band, and third absorption band.

Abstract: A composite for forming an electrode contains an active material and macromolecular particles, and can be discharged by an inkjet method. The composite for forming an electrode is excellent in the storage stability and the discharge stability even when the content of the active material is increased.

Abstract: A disclosed electrode includes an electrode base; an electrode mixture layer containing an active material and formed on the electrode base; and a porous insulating layer formed on the electrode mixture layer, where the porous insulating layer contains a resin as a main component, and at least a part of the porous insulating layer is present inside the electrode mixture layer.

Abstract: A porous insulator is provided. The porous insulator comprises a porous structure comprising a polymer compound having communicating pores, and a solid having a melting point or glass transition temperature lower than that of the polymer compound.

Abstract: A method of forming a toner image on an image transfer sheet include the steps of forming a latent electrostatic image on an image bearing member, developing the latent electrostatic image to a toner image, using a developer, and transferring the toner image to an image transfer sheet, with the developer having a carrier and a toner which contains a thermoplastic resin and a coloring agent having a chromatic color and capable of retaining the chromatic color even after the toner is sintered, and satisfying at least one of three conditions that (1) a toner concentration in the developer is in a range of 8 to 24 wt. %, (2) the toner has an absolute charge quantity value of 12 &mgr;C/g or less, and (3) a ratio of a true specific gravity of the carrier to that of the toner is in a range of 2 to 3. An image can be fixed on a heat-resistant solid surface by further attaching the toner image transferred to the image transfer sheet to a heat-resistant solid surface and sintering the toner image.

Abstract: A toner composition useful for forming a single or full colored image on a transfer sheet, containing a coloring agent, and a binder resin, wherein the coloring agent contains a plural kinds of metal elements (a) which contribute to the color of the coloring agent and at least one kind of a metal element (b) which does not contribute to the color of the coloring agent. At least one of the metal elements (a) shows substantially the same two-dimensional distribution within an area of at least 1 square .mu.m as that of the metal element (b) when analyzed by an electron prove micro analyzer. By sintering a ceramic, such as a tile, on which the image-bearing transfer sheet has been applied, a pattern corresponding to the toner image is formed on the ceramic.

Abstract: A method of forming a toner image on an image transfer sheet include the steps of forming a latent electrostatic image on an image bearing member, developing the latent electrostatic image to a toner image, using a developer, and transferring the toner image to an image transfer sheet, with the developer having a carrier and a toner which contains a thermoplastic resin and a coloring agent having a chromatic color and capable of retaining the chromatic color even after the toner is sintered, and satisfying at least one of three conditions that (1) a toner concentration in the developer is in a range of 8 to 24 wt. %, (2) the toner has an absolute charge quantity value of 12 .mu.C/g or less, and (3) a ratio of a true specific gravity of the carrier to that of the toner is in a range of 2 to 3. An image can be fixed on a heat-resistant solid surface by further attaching the toner image transferred to the image transfer sheet to a heat-resistant solid surface and sintering the toner image.

Abstract: A toner composition useful for forming a single or full colored image on a transfer sheet, containing a finely divided coloring agent, and a binder resin, wherein the coloring agent includes a compound oxide pigment and a flux. By sintering a ceramic, such as a tile, on which the image-bearing transfer sheet has been applied, a pattern corresponding to the toner image is formed on the ceramic.

Abstract: A toner having toner particles for developing latent electrostatic images, each toner particle containing a binder resin and a coloring agent, tho binder resin including a vinyl polymer prepared by polymerizing a plurality of different vinyl monomers, with a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of 30,000 or less, and a peak molecular weight (PMw) of 10,000 or less in the weight-average molecular weight (Mw), with the amount ratio of a vinyl polymer with a molecular weight of not less than the value of PMw.times.10 being in the range of 1 to 30 wt. % of the entire amount of the vinyl polymer.

Abstract: A toner having toner particles for developing latent electrostatic images, each toner particle containing a binder resin and a coloring agent, the binder resin including a vinyl polymer prepared by polymerizing a plurality of different vinyl monomers, with a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of 30,000 or less, and a peak molecular weight (PMw) of 10,000 or less in the weight-average molecular weight (Mw), with the amount ratio of a vinyl polymer with a molecular weight of not less than the value of PMw.times.10 being in the range of 1 to 30 wt % of the entire amount of the vinyl polymer.

Abstract: A method of forming a colored image on a heat resistant solid surface by use of a toner-image-layer-bearing image formation medium; a method of forming the toner-image-layer bearing image formation medium; inorganic toners for the formation of inorganic toner image for proposed.

Abstract: Polymer particles which are substantially spherical and have protrusions on the surface thereof, with such a particle size distribution that the volume mean diameter dv thereof is 1.ltoreq.dv.ltoreq.15 (.mu.m), and the ratio of the volume mean diameter dv to the number mean diameter dn thereof, that is, dv/dn, is 1.ltoreq.dv/dn.ltoreq.1.2, are prepared, and used as a component for a toner for use in electrophotography.

Abstract: An image formation material for forming images including color images, such as a toner or developer for use in image formation methods such as electrophotography, electrostatic recording, and in an ink jet printing, includes a binder resin, a dye, and a quencher for preventing the deterioration of the dye; and a method of preventing the fading of images formed by the above image formation methods can be carried out by use of this image formation material.

Abstract: Polymer particles which are substantially spherical and have protrusions on the surface thereof, with such a particle size distribution that the volume mean diameter dv thereof is 1.ltoreq.dv.ltoreq.15 (.mu.m), and the ratio of the volume mean diameter dv to the number mean diameter dn thereof, that is, dv/dn, is 1.ltoreq.dv/dn.ltoreq.1.2, are prepared, and used as a component for a toner for use in electrophotography.

Abstract: A method of preparing composite particles is disclosed, which comprises the steps of dispersing matrix organic resin particles having a polar group on a surface thereof in a hydrophilic organic liquid, water or mixture thereof to prepare a dispersion of the matrix organic resin particles; dispersing a wax in a hydrophilic organic liquid, water or mixture thereof by use of a nonionic surface active agent to prepare an emulsion of the wax; mixing the dispersion of the matrix organic resin particles and the emulsion of the wax in the presence of a surface active agent with a polarity opposite to that of the polar group on the matrix organic resin particles to obtain a dispersion in which finely-divided particles of the wax are caused to adhere to the surface of the matrix particles; and heating the dispersion to fix the finely-divided particles of the wax on the surface of the matrix organic resin particles.

Abstract: A toner for developing latent electronstatic images comprises a coloring agent, a binder resin component and a negative charge controlling agent in an effective amount which is selected from the group consisting of:(i) an aromatic fluoride having formule (I); ##STR1## (ii) an aromatic fluoride having formula (II); ##STR2## (iii) an aromatic fluoride having formula (III); ##STR3## (iv) an aromatic fluoride having formula (IV); and ##STR4## (v) an aromatic fluoride having formula (V). ##STR5## wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.8, R.sup.f1 and R.sup.f2, n, X and Y are the same as previously defined in the specification.