Abstract: An energy storage apparatus includes an energy storage device including an electrode terminal disposed in a first direction, and a bus bar joined to the electrode terminal. The bus bar includes a bus bar body portion including a joint portion joined to the electrode terminal, a first wall portion, and a second wall portion. The first wall portion is erected in the first direction from the bus bar body portion. The second wall portion is disposed so that at least a part of the second wall portion overlaps the bus bar body portion when viewed from the first direction and faces the bus bar body portion.

Abstract: A resist composition includes (A1) a resin including a structural unit represented by formula (1) and a structural unit represented by formula (II), and no acid-labile group, (A2) a resin having an acid-labile group, and an acid generator: wherein R1 and R2 each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or an alkyl group which may have a halogen atom, X1 and X2 each represent a single bond or *—CO—O—, L1 represents a single bond or a hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent, and —CH2— included in the group may be replaced by —O—, —S—, —SO2— or —CO—, ring W represents a hydrocarbon ring which may have a substituent, mi and mk represent an integer of 1 to 4, and L2 represents a single bond or a hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent, and —CH2— included in the group may be replaced by —O—, —S—, —SO2— or —CO—.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula (I): wherein the values of R1, R2, R3, Ar and X1 in formula (I) are defined in the specification.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula (I): wherein the values of R1, R2, R3, Ar and X1 in formula (I) are defined in the specification.

Abstract: A pair of link arms each supported at one end thereof on an engine body for swinging movement about an axis parallel to a rotational axis for a valve-operating cam are connected at the other ends, for relative turning movement about an axis parallel to the rotational axis, directly to a rocker arm having a valve abutment abutting against an engine valve and a cam abutment contacting with the valve-operating cam. At least any one of the link arms is swingably supported at one end thereof on the engine body for continuous movement within a plane perpendicular to a rotational axis for the valve-operating cam. Such an arrangement ensures that a valve-operating system can be constructed compactly, and the opening lift amount of the engine valve can be changed continuously, while ensuring an excellent followability to the valve-operating cam.

Abstract: A drawing method for forming a reflective curved surface by pressing a metal plate fitted in a fixed die with a movable die. The fixed die is composed of a lower die and a core, and the movable die is composed of an upper die and a presser. During the drawing, the metal plate is pressed to have a compressed border portion between a non-pressed portion and a curved surface pressed portion. It is the most desirable to compress the border portion to have a thickness which is 70% of the thickness of the metal plate before drawing.

Abstract: A pair of link arms (19A and 20A) each supported at one end thereof on an engine body (1) for swinging movement about an axis parallel to a rotational axis for a valve-operating cam (16) are connected at the other ends, for relative turning movement about an axis parallel to the rotational axis, directly to a rocker arm (18A) having a valve abutment (15) abutting against an engine valve (6) and a cam abutment (17) contacting with the valve-operating cam (16). At least any one of the link arms (19A and 20A) is swingably supported at one end thereof on the engine body (1) for continuous movement within a plane perpendicular to a rotational axis for the valve-operating cam (16). Such an arrangement ensures that a valve-operating system can be constructed compactly, and the opening lift amount of the engine valve can be changed continuously, while ensuring an excellent followability to the valve-operating cam.

Abstract: A flow control valve coupling structure that does not require complicated machining and facilitates the installation of a flow control valve. The coupling structure includes a fitting portion having a male thread that is formed on a peripheral surface of the flow control valve. A coupled member has a coupling hole to receive the flow control valve. A cylindrical elastic sealing member is engaged with the coupling hole to seal the space between the flow control valve and the coupling hole. The elastic sealing member has an inner surface defining a mounting hole in which the fitting portion is fitted. A female thread is formed on the inner surface and is mated with the male thread of the fitting portion.

Abstract: A drawing method for forming a reflective curved surface by pressing a metal plate fitted in a fixed die with a movable die. The fixed die is composed of a lower die and a core, and the movable die is composed of an upper die and a presser. During the drawing, the metal plate is pressed to have a compressed border portion between a non-pressed portion and a curved surface pressed portion. It is the most desirable to compress the border portion to have a thickness which is 70% of the thickness of the metal plate before drawing.

Abstract: In a cylinder head 1 of an internal combustion engine, communicating passageways 17, 18, 17′, 18′ for coolant are provided between combustion chambers 3 and pass-through holes 21 to 28 at positions which overlap straight lines L1, L2 connecting centers C2, C3 of the exhaust port openings 6a, 7a with centers C5 to C8 of the pass-through holes 25 to 28 and straight lines L3, L4 connecting centers C9, C10 of the intake port openings 4a, 5a with centers C11 to c14 of the pass-through holes 21 to 24 when a mating surface 2 of the cylinder head 1 with the cylinder block is viewed from the bottom. When peripheries of the exhaust port openings 6a, 7a and intake port openings 4a, 5a thermally expand, the suppression of thermal expansion by the bolts at fastening portions is alleviated by the communicating passageways 17, 18, 17′, 18′.

Abstract: In a valve operating system in an internal combustion engine, a swinging support section provided at a base end of a rocker arm is swingably carried on a rocker shaft mounted in a cylinder head. A plurality of valve abutments are provided at a tip end of the rocker arm and capable of being individually put into abutment against upper ends of a plurality of engine valves, and a cam abutment is provided on the rocker arm in an intermediate portion between the swinging support section and each of the valve abutments to come into contact with a valve operating cam. The swinging support section comprises a thinner cylindrical portion surrounding the rocker shaft, and thicker cylindrical portions which are formed at a thickness larger than that of the thinner cylindrical portion into a cylindrical shape to surround the rocker shaft and which are integrally and continuously provided at axially opposite ends of the thinner cylindrical portion, respectively.

Abstract: The light beam scanning device has a casing injection molded from magnesium or magnesium alloy as the material. A polygon mirror and a motor are sealed in the inside of the casing and a cover covering the latter. Since the thickness of the magnesium or magnesium alloy material can be reduced, heat generated from a motor is dissipated satisfactorily. Heat dissipating fins are formed to the casing to promote heat dissipation and enhance the strength of the casing.

Abstract: A valve moving apparatus of an internal combustion engine has an intake camshaft with an intake variable cam piece for opening and closing an intake valve, and an exhaust camshaft with an exhaust variable cam piece for opening and closing an exhaust valve. Each variable cam piece has a low speed cam section and a high speed cam section and is movable axially relatively to the camshaft. A hydraulic driving mechanism is provided for moving the variable cam piece axially in accordance with engine operation condition. The driving mechanism has a driving piston and arms touching both sides of the variable cam piece. When valve operating characteristic of the intake valve or the exhaust valve is changed corresponding to engine operation condition, response is improved. The engine can be miniaturized.

Abstract: In a valve operating system in an internal combustion engine, a rocker arm has a plurality of valve abutments provided thereon and capable of being individually put into abutment against upper ends of a plurality of engine valves cam abutments, and also has cam abutments provided thereon to come into contact with a valve operating cam. Wall-removed portions are formed in the rocker arm at locations corresponding to the cam abutments and open at opposite sides of the rocker arm. Thus, it is possible to provide a reduction in weight of the rocker arm.

Abstract: A flow control valve coupling structure that does not require complicated machining and facilitates the installation of a flow control valve. The coupling structure includes a fitting portion having a male thread that is formed on a peripheral surface of the flow control valve. A coupled member has a coupling hole to receive the flow control valve. A cylindrical elastic sealing member is engaged with the coupling hole to seal the space between the flow control valve and the coupling hole. The elastic sealing member has an inner surface defining a mounting hole in which the fitting portion is fitted. A female thread is formed on the inner surface and is mated with the male thread of the fitting portion.

Abstract: One of adjacent rocker arms in a valve operating system of an engine is provided with first and second support walls. A roller is disposed between the first and second support walls to come into rolling contact with cams. A cylindrical roller shaft, supporting the roller, is provided between the first and second support walls, so that a switchover pin of an associative-operation switchover means can be slidably fitted into the roller shaft in response to the movement thereof. The roller shaft is press-fitted into at least a second one of the first and second support walls, and a press-fit margin for the roller shaft press-fitted into the second support wall on the side of the other rocker arm is set smaller than a press-fit margin for the roller shaft press-fitted into the second support wall on the side of the roller.

Abstract: A valve operating system in an internal combustion engine includes a switchover pin which is movable between an associatively operating position where adjacent ones of rocker arms are operated in association with each other, and an associative-operation releasing position where the associative-operation is released, the switchover pin receiving at axially opposite ends thereof a hydraulic pressure force acting toward the associatively operating position and a spring force acting toward the associative-operation releasing position, a cylindrical roller shaft which is fixed to one of the adjacent rocker arms, and into which the switchover pin is slidably fitted in response to the movement thereof toward the associatively operating position, and a roller rotatably carried on the roller shaft to come into rolling contact with a cam provided on a camshaft.

Abstract: A valve moving apparatus of an internal combustion engine has an intake camshaft with an intake variable cam piece for opening and closing an intake valve, and an exhaust camshaft with an exhaust variable cam piece for opening and closing an exhaust valve. Each variable cam piece has a low speed cam section and a high speed cam section and is movable axially relatively to the camshaft. A hydraulic driving mechanism is provided for moving the variable cam piece axially in accordance with engine operation condition. The driving mechanism has a driving piston and arms touching both sides of the variable cam piece. When valve operating characteristic of the intake valve or the exhaust valve is changed corresponding to engine operation condition, response is improved. The engine can be miniaturized.

Abstract: One of adjacent rocker arms in a valve operating system of an engine is provided with first and second support walls. A roller is disposed between the first and second support walls to come into rolling contact with cams. A cylindrical roller shaft, supporting the roller, is provided between the first and second support walls, so that a switchover pin of an associative-operation switchover means can be slidably fitted into the roller shaft in response to the movement thereof. The roller shaft is press-fitted into at least a second one of the first and second support walls, and a press-fit margin for the roller shaft press-fitted into the second support wall on the side of the other rocker arm is set smaller than a press-fit margin for the roller shaft press-fitted into the second support wall on the side of the roller.

Abstract: In a valve operating system in an internal combustion engine, a swinging support section provided at a base end of a rocker arm is swingably carried on a rocker shaft mounted in a cylinder head. A plurality of valve abutments are provided at a tip end of the rocker arm and capable of being individually put into abutment against upper ends of a plurality of engine valves, and a cam abutment is provided on the rocker arm in an intermediate portion between the swinging support section and each of the valve abutments to come into contact with a valve operating cam. The swinging support section comprises a thinner cylindrical portion surrounding the rocker shaft, and thicker cylindrical portions which are formed at a thickness larger than that of the thinner cylindrical portion into a cylindrical shape to surround the rocker shaft and which are integrally and continuously provided at axially opposite ends of the thinner cylindrical portion, respectively.