Abstract: A movable electrode is positioned between two fixed electrodes. The movable electrode is rotated in correspondence to a rotation angle to be detected. The fixed electrodes and the movable electrode are split into first split electrode members and second split electrode members not conducting with each other respectively. The first fixed split electrode members are electrically connected with a first external terminal, and the second fixed split electrode members are electrically connected with a second external terminal. Thus, electrostatic capacitances which are derived from the external terminals are varied by rotation of the movable electrode. In this sensor, the varied electrostatic capacitances can be derived through conductive paths comprising no sliding contact portions, while a variable range of the electrostatic capacitances can be increased.

Abstract: First and second fixed electrodes are fixedly provided on a housing which is mounted on a surface whose inclination angle is to be detected. A rotatable electrode is inserted between these fixed electrodes, and this rotatable electrode is mounted on a shaft which is rotatably provided on the housing. The rotatable electrode is made to regularly face a constant direction with respect to the gravitational direction. The first fixed electrode has a central angle of 180.degree., for example, and is split into a first fixed split electrode member having a central angle of 60.degree. and a second fixed split electrode member having a central angle of 120.degree.. Wires are connected to the fixed split electrode members respectively, thereby taking out two series-connected capacitances which are formed by the respective ones of the first and second fixed split electrode members and the rotatable electrode. The second fixed electrode is structured similarly to the first fixed electrode.

Abstract: A gear finishing apparatus includes a bed having a horizontally extending guide member and a vertically extending guide member, a grinding wheel support unit movable along the horizontally extending guide member and having a grinding wheel unit, a ring-shaped grinding wheel in the form of an internal gear rotatably supported on the grinding wheel head for rotation about a substantially vertical axis, a first actuator for moving the grinding wheel support unit along the horizontally extending guide member, a workpiece support unit movable along the vertically extending guide member, the workpiece support unit having a holding device for holding a gear blank having external gear teeth for rotation about a substantially vertical axis, a second actuator for moving the workpiece support unit along the vertically extending guide member to move the gear blank into and out of the grinding wheel, and a third actuator for rotating the grinding wheel to hone the gear teeth of the gear blank while the gear blank is being

Abstract: A mold casting process comprises, after pouring of a molten metal into a mold, rapidly cooling that surface layer of a cast product which is in contact with a mold, and releasing the resulting product from the mold when the surface layer thereof has been converted into a shell-like solidified layer. Such process is used for casting a mechanical part blank and apparatus for carrying out the process is provided.

Abstract: A mold casting process comprises, after pouring of a molten metal into a mold, rapidly cooling that surface layer of a cast product which is in contact with a mold, and releasing the resulting product from the mold when the surface layer thereof has been converted into a shell-like solidified layer. Such process is used for casting a mechanical part blank and apparatus for carrying out the process is provided.

Abstract: A mold casting process comprises, after pouring of a molten metal into a mold, rapidly cooling that surface layer of a cast product which is in contact with a mold, and releasing the resulting product from the mold when the surface layer thereof has been converted into a shell-like solidified layer. Such process is used for casting a mechanical part blank and apparatus for carrying out the process is provided.

Abstract: A workpiece gear to be finished is held in mesh with a gear finishing tool with substantially no backlash therebetween. The gear finishing tool is then driven in mesh with the workpiece gear, and the workpiece gear is rotated in synchronism with the driven movement of the gear finishing tool. Simultaneously, the gear finishing tool and the workpiece gear are moved reciprocally with respect to each other in the direction of a tooth trace for finishing gear surfaces of the workpiece gear. With this gear finishing method, gears can be finished highly accurately with no profile error and at an increased rate. An apparatus for carrying out the gear finishing method is of a simple construction.

Abstract: In multi-spindle head-replacing type machine tool comprising a machining unit disposed on a base for advancing and retreating movements between an original position and a machining position, a first annular guide rail including a movable rail integral with the machining unit and a stationary rail to surround the machining unit which is located in the original position, a second annular guide rail disposed concentrically with and at a place axially offset from the first guide rail, a plurality of multi-spindle heads travellably carried on each of the first and second guide rails, first and second index mechanisms releasably connected respectively to the multi-spindle heads on the first and second guide rails for driving such multi-spindle heads for angular displacement, and an elevator mechanism disposed sideways from the first and second guide rails at a place offset from the movable rail for providing replacement of the multi-spindle heads between the first and second guide rails, a part of the stationary ra

Abstract: A milling cutter has a cutter body including one or more steps extending along the outer peripheral edge of the cutter body. Cartridges are detachably mounted on the step, each of the cartridges having a plurality of equally spaced cutting edges. Preferably, the cutter body has a radially outer step and a radially inner step close thereto, and the cartridges with roughly cutting edges are mounted on the radially outer step. Roughly cutting edges and finishing cutting edges may be attached to the outer and inner surfaces of a single cartridge. When the cartridges are mounted on the step, the cutting edges are equally spaced fully around the cutter body for successive milling operation on a workpiece.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forge-shaping sheet-shaped members having upper and lower dies for pressing and forge-shaping a sheet-shaped material heated to a quenching temperature or an imperfectly quenching temperature set from a required hardness. The apparatus also includes cooling ducts for quenching the forge-shape material. The material is continuously quenched as it is kept pressed.

Abstract: A brake disk and process for producing the same which is particularly suitable for use on motorcycles. A stainless steel material of particular chromium content is subjected to a heat-treating and press-quenching step to form a brake disk having a sufficient hardness required for the function of a brake and being of favorable appearance for use on motorcycles.

Abstract: A brake disk and process for producing the same which is particularly suitable for use on motorcycles. A stainless steel material of particular chromium content is subjected to a heat-treating and press-quenching step to form a brake disk having a sufficient hardness required for the function of a brake and being of favorable appearance for use on motorcycles.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for forming an integrally-shaped brake disk for a vehicle. The method comprises heating the brake disk material, and maintaining the material heated while it is inserted between upper and lower dies of the apparatus. The central and outer peripheral portions of the material are pressed and held. The intermediate portion between the central and outer peripheral portions is drawn and shaped by relative motion between the dies. The material is continuously quenched while it is maintained pressed and held.