Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical substrate comprising a transparent substrate, a low refractive index layer, whose refractive index is lower than that of the transparent substrate, disposed over the transparent substrate, and a solgel film disposed over the low refractive index layer; a light emitting element having a first electrode, a light emitting layer and a second electrode over the solgel film of this optical substrate; and a display device provided with this light emitting element.

Abstract: An active matrix organic EL display device includes pixels each having an organic EL element (7a) and a pixel circuit (3) including a polysilicon TFT for controlling the organic EL element (7a) arranged adjacently in each of the regions partitioned into a matrix shape by data line (12) and gate line (11) that intersect each other. The organic EL element (7a) has a cathode (7) arranged in at least a region that excludes a space above the polysilicon TFT. The cathode (7) is arranged continuously over two or more adjacent pixels in the direction of gate line (11).

Abstract: An active matrix organic EL display device includes pixels each having an organic EL element (7a) and a pixel circuit (3) including a polysilicon TFT for controlling the organic EL element (7a) arranged adjacently in each of the regions partitioned into a matrix shape by data line (12) and gate line (11) that intersect each other. The organic EL element (7a) has a cathode (7) arranged in at least a region that excludes a space above the polysilicon TFT. The cathode (7) is arranged continuously over two or more adjacent pixels in the direction of gate line (11).

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical substrate comprising a transparent substrate a low refractive index layer, whose refractive index is lower than that of the transparent substrate, disposed over the transparent substrate, and a solgel film disposed over the low refractive index layer; a light emitting element having a first electrode, a light emitting layer and a second electrode over the solgel film of this optical substrate; and a display device provided with this light emitting element.

Abstract: An active matrix organic EL display device includes pixels each having an organic EL element (7a) and a pixel circuit (3) including a polysilicon TFT for controlling the organic EL element (7a) arranged adjacently in each of the regions partitioned into a matrix shape by data line (12) and gate line (11) that intersect each other. The organic EL element (7a) has a cathode (7) arranged in at least a region that excludes a space above the polysilicon TFT. The cathode (7) is arranged continuously over two or more adjacent pixels in the direction of gate line (11).

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical substrate comprising a transparent substrate, a low refractive index layer, whose refractive index is lower than that of the transparent substrate, disposed over the transparent substrate, and a solgel film disposed over the low refractive index layer; a light emitting element having a first electrode, a light emitting layer and a second electrode over the solgel film of this optical substrate; and a display device provided with this light emitting element.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence display device comprises a first substrate including a light emitting area comprising a first electrode, an organic electroluminescence layer and a second electrode stacked one over another and a second substrate including a connection layer for feeding a driving signal to the second electrode. The first substrate has a connection area in which a portion of the second electrode is off set vertically from the light emitting area and connected to the connection layer of the second substrate. The connection area does not overlie the light emitting area.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical substrate comprising a transparent substrate, a low refractive index layer, whose refractive index is lower than that of the transparent substrate, disposed over the transparent substrate, and a solgel film disposed over the low refractive index layer; a light emitting element having a first electrode, a light emitting layer and a second electrode over the solgel film of this optical substrate; and a display device provided with this light emitting element.

Abstract: An active matrix organic EL display device includes pixels each having an organic EL element (7a) and a pixel circuit (3) including a polysilicon TFT for controlling the organic EL element (7a) arranged adjacently in each of the regions partitioned into a matrix shape by data line (12) and gate line (11) that intersect each other. The organic EL element (7a) has a cathode (7) arranged in at least a region that excludes a space above the polysilicon TFT. The cathode (7) is arranged continuously over two or more adjacent pixels in the direction of gate line (11).

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence display device comprises a first substrate including a light emitting area comprising a first electrode, an organic electroluminescence layer and a second electrode stacked one over another and a second substrate including a connection layer for feeding a driving signal to the second electrode. The first substrate has a connection area in which a portion of the second electrode is off set vertically from the light emitting area and connected to the connection layer of the second substrate. The connection area does not overlie the light emitting area.

Abstract: Expressing a perveance of an electron gun to be determined by a form of the electron gun as P&mgr;, a voltage to be impressed on an accelerating electrode Va and a beam current Ib, voltage Va which satisfies the following expression, Ib<P&mgr;×Va3/2 is impressed on the accelerating electrode. Further, the electric potential of the accelerating electrode is maintained at the highest level of all electrodes in the electron tube at all times.

Abstract: The present invention provides an active matrix organic electroluminescence display device including: a transparent substrate; a plurality of pixels aligned over the transparent substrate, wherein each of the pixels further includes: a luminescent region which exhibits a luminescence upon application of an electric field; a circuitry region including at least a circuitry; and an optical shielding structure provided between the luminescent region and the circuitry region for shielding the circuitry region from the luminescence from the luminescent region.

Abstract: A method and device are provided for preventing deterioration of a cold cathode in an electron tube device that utilizes the cold cathode as an electron source. In accordance with the expression defining the beam current of the electron tube device, Ib<P&mgr;×Va3/2, where P&mgr; represents the perveance of an electron gun and Va represents a voltage impressed upon an accelerating electrode, the electric potential of the accelerating electrode or an adjacent electrode is maintained at the highest level of all electrodes in the electron tube at all times.

Abstract: To stabilize an emission current of cold cathode electron gun and extend its product life. A cold cathode electron gun comprises a cold cathode for emitting electrons by field-emission, a gate electrode for controlling the field-emission, a Wehnelt electrode which surrounds the cold cathode and the gate electrode, a first anode for accelerating electrons, and a second anode for constructing an electron lens together with the first anode. An inner diameter of the first anode is greater than a radius of flow of electrons which are emitted in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the electron lens.

Abstract: There is provided a field emission cold cathode including (a) an electrically conductive substrate, (b) a plurality of emitter cones formed at a surface of the substrate, (c) a gate electrode being formed as a first resistive layer and a second resistive layer formed on the first resistive layer, and (d) an insulating layer sandwiched between the substrate and the gate electrode. The first resestive layer has a resistivity higher than a resistivity of the second resistive layer. The second resistive layer is composed of metal or a metal compound. The gate electrode and the insulating layer are formed with a plurality of openings in alignment with each other, with the emitter cones being formed in the openings in alignment with each other, with the emitter cones which includes a predetermined number of the emitter cones. The substrate is formed with trenches surrounding each of the groups when viewed in a direction of a normal line of the substrate, and trenches are filled with an electrical insulator.

Abstract: The present invention provides an active matrix organic electroluminescence display device including: a transparent substrate; a plurality of pixels aligned over the transparent substrate, wherein each of the pixels further includes: a luminescent region which exhibits a luminescence upon application of an electric field; a circuitry region including at least a circuitry; and an optical shielding structure provided between the luminescent region and the circuitry region for shielding the circuitry region from the luminescence from the luminescent region.

Abstract: Expressing a perveance of an electron gun to be determined by a form of the electron gun as P&mgr;, a voltage to be impressed on an accelerating electrode Va and a beam current Ib, voltage Va which satisfies the following expression,

Abstract: Expressing a perveance of an electron gun to be determined by a form of the electron gun as P&mgr;, a voltage to be impressed on an accelerating electrode Va and a beam current Ib, voltage Va which satisfies the following expression, Ib<P&mgr;×Va3/2 is impressed on the accelerating electrode. Further the electric potential of the accelerating electrode is maintained at the highest level of all electrodes in the electron tube at all times.

Abstract: Expressing a perveance of an electron gun to be determined by a form of the electron gun as P&mgr;, a voltage to be impressed on an accelerating electrode Va and a beam current Ib, voltage Va which satisfies the following expression,

Abstract: A Wehnelt electrode and a cold cathode are pressed against and fixed to each other under spring force with a ceramic plate interposed therebetween. Metallized layers connected to a gate electrode and a focusing electrode are disposed on surfaces of the ceramic plate. The gate electrode and the focusing electrode are connected to external power supplies via the metallized layers as feeder path structures. With this arrangement, an electron gun for an electron tube with a cold cathode can be designed with increased degree of freedom, reduced in size, can easily be assembled at the time of manufacture, has high dimensional accuracy, provides high dielectric strength between gate and Wehnelt electrodes, and is highly resistant to vibrations.