Abstract: A sample scraping method and a sample scraping device capable of efficiently scraping and collecting a biological tissue section without waste while suppressing contamination is provided. In a sample scraping method for scraping and collecting a biological tissue section held on a slide, the FFPE section held on the slide is heated, and the heated FFPE section is scraped by a blade such that the FFPE section that has been scraped off and remains on the blade is collected in a container.

Abstract: A method for detecting a mark using a detection apparatus including a detection unit includes performing a first movement process that moves the detection unit to a first position, performing a second movement process that moves the detection unit to a second position, detecting the mark after the first movement process and the second movement process, and correcting a measurement value of the detected mark using first information about a movement of the detection unit in the first movement process and second information about a movement of the detection unit in the second movement process.

Abstract: A detection apparatus including a plurality of detection systems arranged spaced apart from each other so as to detect, of a plurality of marks provided on an object held by a stage, marks different from each other, and a processing unit configured to perform a first process of obtaining a first detection value by detecting the plurality of marks by one or more detection systems in a first state in which the stage is arranged at a first rotation angle, and a second process of obtaining a second detection value by detecting the plurality of marks by two or more detection systems in a second state in which the stage is arranged at a second rotation angle, and obtain a difference between the first detection value and the second detection value for each of the plurality of marks.

Abstract: The present invention relates to: a method for converting a hydroxyl group of an alcohol; and a catalyst which makes the method possible.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a 3-methylcycloalkenone compound and a method for producing muscone. In the presence of a zirconium oxide catalyst, a diketone represented by the following general formula (1): wherein in formula (1), n represents 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12, is subjected to a vapor-phase intramolecular condensation reaction, whereby a 3-methylcycloalkenone compound can be produced with high reaction efficiency. When a 3-methylcyclopentadecenone compound produced by this method is hydrogenated in a known manner, muscone can be produced efficiently.

Abstract: A detection apparatus detects an orientation reference of an object to be detected which includes an edge including the orientation reference. The apparatus includes a first detection system configured to detect the edge such that the orientation reference is detected, and a second detection system configured to detect, by projecting a pattern to a surface of the object and detecting an image formed by reflected light from the surface, a position of the surface in a direction perpendicular to the surface. After a focusing operation of the first detection system is performed based on the position of the surface detected by the second detection system, the first detection system detects the orientation reference.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a 3-methylcycloalkenone compound and a method for producing muscone. In the presence of a zirconium oxide catalyst, a diketone represented by the following general formula (1): wherein in formula (1), n represents 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12, is subjected to a vapor-phase intramolecular condensation reaction, whereby a 3-methylcycloalkenone compound can be produced with high reaction efficiency. When a 3-methylcyclopentadecenone compound produced by this method is hydrogenated in a known manner, muscone can be produced efficiently.

Abstract: Position detection apparatus includes illumination optical system for illuminating target, detection optical system for forming image of the illuminated target illuminated on photoelectric converter, first array having first aperture stops, second array having second aperture stops, first driving mechanism for arranging the selected first aperture stop on pupil of the illumination optical system by driving the first array such that first aperture stop crossing optical axis of the illumination optical system moves in first direction, second driving mechanism for arranging the selected second aperture stop on pupil of the detection optical system by driving the second array such that second aperture stop crossing optical axis of the detection optical system moves in second direction. The first and second driving mechanisms fine-tune positions of the selected first and second aperture stops in the first and second directions, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention provides a measurement apparatus that measures a position of an object, including an illumination system configured to illuminate the object with illumination light, an image forming system configured to form, on a photoelectric conversion device configured to detect an image of the object, an image of detected light from the object, and a separation system including a reflective polarizer and a ?/4 plate arranged between the illumination system and the image forming system, and configured to separate the illumination light and the detected light via the reflective polarizer and the ?/4 plate, wherein the separation system includes at least one optical member arranged between the reflective polarizer and the ?/4 plate, and each of the illumination system and the image forming system includes a transmission polarizer.

Abstract: A detection apparatus detects an orientation reference of an object to be detected which includes an edge including the orientation reference. The apparatus includes a first detection system configured to detect the edge such that the orientation reference is detected, and a second detection system configured to detect, by projecting a pattern to a surface of the object and detecting an image formed by reflected light from the surface, a position of the surface in a direction perpendicular to the surface. After a focusing operation of the first detection system is performed based on the position of the surface detected by the second detection system, the first detection system detects the orientation reference.

Abstract: The present invention relates to: a method for converting a hydroxyl group of an alcohol; and a catalyst which makes the method possible.

Abstract: Position detection apparatus includes illumination optical system for illuminating target, detection optical system for forming image of the illuminated target illuminated on photoelectric converter, first array having first aperture stops, second array having second aperture stops, first driving mechanism for arranging the selected first aperture stop on pupil of the illumination optical system by driving the first array such that first aperture stop crossing optical axis of the illumination optical system moves in first direction, second driving mechanism for arranging the selected second aperture stop on pupil of the detection optical system by driving the second array such that second aperture stop crossing optical axis of the detection optical system moves in second direction. The first and second driving mechanisms fine-tune positions of the selected first and second aperture stops in the first and second directions, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention provides a measurement apparatus that measures a position of an object, including an illumination system configured to illuminate the object with illumination light, an image forming system configured to form, on a photoelectric conversion device configured to detect an image of the object, an image of detected light from the object, and a separation system including a reflective polarizer and a ?/4 plate arranged between the illumination system and the image forming system, and configured to separate the illumination light and the detected light via the reflective polarizer and the ?/4 plate, wherein the separation system includes at least one optical member arranged between the reflective polarizer and the ?/4 plate, and each of the illumination system and the image forming system includes a transmission polarizer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a measurement apparatus including a first filter unit including a plurality of first filters, and each configured to allow light having a different wavelength band to pass, a second filter unit including a plurality of second filters, and each configured to reduce light intensity of light and allow the light to pass, an obtaining unit configured to obtain data representing a transmittance of each of the plurality of second filters for a wavelength band of light having passed through each of the plurality of first filters, and a selection unit configured to select, based on the data obtained by the obtaining unit, from the plurality of second filters, one second filter arranged on an optical path together with one first filter among the plurality of first filters.

Abstract: The present invention provides a measurement apparatus including a first filter unit including a plurality of first filters, and each configured to allow light having a different wavelength band to pass, a second filter unit including a plurality of second filters, and each configured to reduce light intensity of light and allow the light to pass, an obtaining unit configured to obtain data representing a transmittance of each of the plurality of second filters for a wavelength band of light having passed through each of the plurality of first filters, and a selection unit configured to select, based on the data obtained by the obtaining unit, from the plurality of second filters, one second filter arranged on an optical path together with one first filter among the plurality of first filters.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lithography apparatus including a sensor configured to detect each of an image of a first mark on a first surface of a substrate and a second mark on a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a processor configured to perform processing of deciding a measurement focus position at which the sensor can detect both the image of the first mark and the image of the second mark based on first mark detection information obtained in a focus state of the optical system in which the sensor can detect the image of the first mark, and second mark detection information obtained in a focus state in which the sensor can detect the image of the second mark.

Abstract: The present invention provides a detection apparatus which causes light to be incident obliquely on a substrate including a plurality of layers whose refractive indices are different from each other and detects a height of the substrate using light reflected from the substrate, the apparatus comprising an optical system including a polarizer for reducing s-polarized light and configured to cause light, in which s-polarized light has been reduced by the polarizer, to be incident on the substrate at an angle of incidence within a range of 40° to 55°.

Abstract: A method for debugging test procedures for automated device testing is disclosed. The method comprises receiving a command to update at least one modified test procedure modified during a first debugging session and saving state information for a test plan, wherein the state information comprises information regarding a breakpoint entry location, and wherein the modified test procedure is invoked within the test plan. The method subsequently comprises suspending execution of the test plan and unloading the modified test procedure. It also comprises compiling the modified test procedure to produce a compiled file and then reloading the test procedure into the test plan using the compiled file. Finally, it comprises resuming execution of the modified test procedure in a second debugging session and breaking the execution during the second debugging session at a breakpoint corresponding to the breakpoint entry location.

Abstract: An imprint lithography apparatus uses a mold having a pattern formed thereon and transfers the pattern to an imprint material fed to a substrate. The apparatus includes a light-receiving element; a detection system that irradiates a mark formed on the substrate and a mark formed on the mold with light which is reflected therefrom, and guides the light reflected from the mark formed on the substrate and from the mark formed on the mold to the light-receiving element; a relay optical system that causes the light reflected to focus between the mold and the detection system; an illumination system that emits illumination light for curing the imprint material; an optical element having a surface that transmits one of the illumination light and the light from the detection system and reflects the other; and a plate-shaped optical member that corrects aberration of the relay optical system.

Abstract: An imprint apparatus, which is configured to transfer a pattern to an imprint material supplied on a substrate by using a mold having the pattern formed thereon, includes a light-receiving element, a detection system configured to illuminate a mark formed on the substrate and a mark formed on the mold, and guide light reflected from the mark formed on the substrate and the mark formed on the mold to the light-receiving element, and a relay optical system. The relay optical system is configured to form images of the light reflected from the mark formed on the substrate and the mark formed on the mold between the relay optical system and the detection system. The detection system is configured to guide the light image-formed by the relay optical system to the light-receiving element.