Abstract: An intermediate transfer belt that can bear a toner image includes a first layer and a second layer. The first layer includes a first surface located on an outer peripheral surface side of the first layer. The second layer is provided on a side of the first surface, transmits light, and includes a second surface. The first surface includes first grooves that (i) extend in a first direction in a circumferential direction of the intermediate transfer belt and (ii) are arranged in a width direction of the intermediate transfer belt that is orthogonal to the circumferential direction. The second surface is located on an outer peripheral surface side of the second layer, contacts a toner image, and includes second grooves that extend in a second direction in the circumferential direction. The first grooves includes 80 or more grooves per 1-mm length in the width direction in the first surface.

Abstract: An electrophotographic belt includes a biaxially stretched cylindrical film as a base layer, wherein the biaxially stretched cylindrical film includes crystalline polyester, amorphous polyester and carbon black, a content of the carbon black with respect to the biaxially stretched cylindrical film is 2.0% by mass or more, and a surface resistivity measured on the surface of the biaxially stretched cylindrical film in an environment of 23° C. and 50% RH is 1×103 ?/square or higher and 1×1013 ?/square or lower, and A/B is 3.00 or smaller, where A (?/square) represents a surface resistivity of the biaxially stretched cylindrical film after the film is left to stand for 24 hours in an environment of 23° C. and 50% RH, and B (?/square) represents a surface resistivity of the biaxially stretched cylindrical film after the film is left to stand for 24 hours in an environment of 30° C. and 80% RH.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic belt having a cylindrical film as a base layer. The cylindrical film contains crystalline polyester and carbon black, and a content of the carbon black in the cylindrical film is 2.0% by mass or more. Fc1 is 0.30 or more, and ?c1 being -10° to +10°, where Fc1 denotes an average degree of arrangement of the carbon black in the circumferential direction observed in a cross section in a direction along a circumferential direction of the cylindrical film, and ?c1 denotes an average arrangement angle of the carbon black in the circumferential direction observed in a cross section in a direction along a circumferential direction of the cylindrical film.

Abstract: An electrophotographic belt includes a biaxially stretched cylindrical film as a base layer, wherein the biaxially stretched cylindrical film includes crystalline polyester, amorphous polyester and carbon black, a content of the carbon black with respect to the biaxially stretched cylindrical film is 2.0% by mass or more, and a surface resistivity measured on the surface of the biaxially stretched cylindrical film in an environment of 23° C. and 50% RH is 1×103 ?/square or higher and 1×1013 ?/square or lower, and A/B is 3.00 or smaller, where A (Q/square) represents a surface resistivity of the biaxially stretched cylindrical film after the film is left to stand for 24 hours in an environment of 23° C. and 50% RH, and B (?/square) represents a surface resistivity of the biaxially stretched cylindrical film after the film is left to stand for 24 hours in an environment of 30° C. and 80% RH.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer belt that can bear a toner image includes a first layer and a second layer. The first layer includes a first surface located on an outer peripheral surface side of the first layer. The second layer is provided on a side of the first surface, transmits light, and includes a second surface. The first surface includes first grooves that (i) extend in a first direction in a circumferential direction of the intermediate transfer belt and (ii) are arranged in a width direction of the intermediate transfer belt that is orthogonal to the circumferential direction. The second surface is located on an outer peripheral surface side of the second layer, contacts a toner image, and includes second grooves that extend in a second direction in the circumferential direction. The first grooves includes 80 or more grooves per 1-mm length in the width direction in the first surface.

Abstract: An electrophotographic belt includes: a base body having an endless shape; and a surface layer on an outer peripheral surface of the base body, wherein grooves extending in a circumferential direction are provided on an outer surface of the surface layer; the base body contains a thermoplastic polyester resin and a filler; the surface layer contains an acrylic resin; a thickness T of the base body is 30 ?m or larger, and a content of the filler in the base body is 0.1% by volume or more and 10.0% by volume or less based on a total volume of the base body; and in a region having a thickness 0.25 times as thick as an average particle diameter of the filler, an average value A of ratios of elements derived from the filler is 0.0 atomic % or larger and 1.0 atomic % or smaller.

Abstract: An electrophotographic belt includes: a base body having an endless shape; and a surface layer on an outer peripheral surface of the base body, wherein grooves extending in a circumferential direction are provided on an outer surface of the surface layer; the base body contains a thermoplastic polyester resin and a filler; the surface layer contains an acrylic resin; a thickness T of the base body is 30 ?m or larger, and a content of the filler in the base body is 0.1% by volume or more and 10.0% by volume or less based on a total volume of the base body; and in a region having a thickness 0.25 times as thick as an average particle diameter of the filler, an average value A of ratios of elements derived from the filler is 0.0 atomic % or larger and 1.0 atomic % or smaller.

Abstract: A detection unit executes correction control of an image formation condition on a basis of a detection result of reflected light when infrared light is radiated to a test patch, which is transferred from a photosensitive drum to an intermediate transfer belt, and the intermediate transfer belt, wherein the intermediate transfer belt has a base layer which is thickest among a plurality of layers forming the intermediate transfer belt in a thickness direction of the intermediate transfer belt and to which an ion conductive agent is added, and an inner surface layer which has a light transmittance lower than that of the base layer.

Abstract: An electrophotographic belt in which bleeding of a cation component to the outer surface is suppressed after long-term storage after long-term repeated image output. The electrophotographic belt has a layer that includes a thermoplastic resin composition including a thermally melt-kneaded product of a thermoplastic polyester resin, a cation having a hydroxyl group, an anion, and a compound having at least two amide groups in one molecule.

Abstract: An electrophotographic belt whose surface barely peels off even after long-term repeated use is provided. The electrophotographic belt includes a layer including a thermoplastic resin composition containing a thermally melt kneaded product including a thermoplastic polyester resin, an ionic electro-conductive agent having a sulfonimide structure as an anion, and an amide compound having at least two amide groups in one molecule.

Abstract: An electrophotographic belt whose surface barely peels off even after long-term repeated use is provided. The electrophotographic belt includes a layer including a thermoplastic resin composition containing a thermally melt kneaded product including a thermoplastic polyester resin, an ionic electro-conductive agent having a sulfonimide structure as an anion, and an amide compound having at least two amide groups in one molecule.

Abstract: A detection unit executes correction control of an image formation condition on a basis of a detection result of reflected light when infrared light is radiated to a test patch, which is transferred from a photosensitive drum to an intermediate transfer belt, and the intermediate transfer belt, wherein the intermediate transfer belt has a base layer which is thickest among a plurality of layers forming the intermediate transfer belt in a thickness direction of the intermediate transfer belt and to which an ion conductive agent is added, and an inner surface layer which has a light transmittance lower than that of the base layer.

Abstract: Concerned with a cylindrical conductive belt for electrophotography which has made permanent curl less occur. The conductive belt has a continuous phase containing a thermoplastic polyester resin and discontinuous phases each containing any one or both selected from a polyether-ester amide and a polyether amide, and the discontinuous phases are present in such way as to extend in the peripheral direction of the belt; the belt having a crystallinity that is lower on the outer-peripheral surface side than on the inner-peripheral surface side.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic mono-layer belt. The electrophotographic mono-layer belt comprising: a particle containing a polymer having a fluorinated hydrocarbon group; and a silicone oil, the particle and the silicone oil being in a thermoplastic matrix resin. The particle has an average primary particle diameter of from 3 nm to 30 nm, and the polymer comprises a branched polymer that has a functional group represented by the following formula [1] at a terminal of a side chain. where X represents a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, m represents 1 or 2, and n represents an integer of from 0 to 5.

Abstract: Concerned with a cylindrical conductive belt for electrophotography which has made permanent curl less occur. The conductive belt has a continuous phase containing a thermoplastic polyester resin and discontinuous phases each containing any one or both selected from a polyether-ester amide and a polyether amide, and the discontinuous phases are present in such way as to extend in the peripheral direction of the belt; the belt having a crystallinity that is lower on the outer-peripheral surface side than on the inner-peripheral surface side.

Abstract: Concerned with a cylindrical conductive belt for electrophotography which has made permanent curl less occur. The conductive belt has a continuous phase containing a thermoplastic polyester resin and discontinuous phases each containing any one or both selected from a polyether-ester amide and a polyether amide, and the discontinuous phases are present in such way as to extend in the peripheral direction of the belt; the belt having a crystallinity that is lower on the outer-peripheral surface side than on the inner-peripheral surface side.

Abstract: An electrophotographic belt, excellent in surface lubrication property and smoothness, includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a polyalkylene terephthalate and a polyalkylene naphthalate, and a thermoplastic silicone elastomer having a specific structure.

Abstract: Concerned with a cylindrical conductive belt for electrophotography which has made permanent curl less occur. The conductive belt has a continuous phase containing a thermoplastic polyester resin and discontinuous phases each containing any one or both selected from a polyether-ester amide and a polyether amide, and the discontinuous phases are present in such way as to extend in the peripheral direction of the belt; the belt having a crystallinity that is lower on the outer-peripheral surface side than on the inner-peripheral surface side.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrophotographic belt excellent in surface lubrication property and smoothness. The electrophotographic belt includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a polyalkylene terephthalate and a polyalkylene naphthalate, and a thermoplastic silicone elastomer having a specific structure.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave device has its inter--digital transducers made of a 3--metal alloyed material consisting of aluminum, copper and magnesium.