Abstract: A composite porous ceramic hollow fiber obtained by dipping a porous ceramic hollow fiber into a carbon precursor-forming solution, picking up and drying the dipped porous ceramic hollow fiber, heating the thus deposited carbon precursor-forming film, thereby obtaining a carbon precursor thin film, and heating the carbon precursor thin film at a carbon precursor thermal decomposition temperature, thereby forming a carbon thin film on the porous ceramic hollow fiber has a permeance about 100 to about 1,000 times as high as that of an organic thin film and a separation coefficient as high as that of the organic thin film.

Abstract: A method for generating a low frequency electric stimulus signal is carried out by generating electric stimulus signal to provide electric stimulus to a biological body or living body. Either the current or voltage, or both, can be controlled in accordance with sound volume levels supplied from a sound source to modulate the electric stimulus signal. The frequency of the electric stimulus signal is selected to be a low frequency.A low frequency electric stimulus signal generating apparatus for applying electric stimulus to a biological body includes a control section and a current/voltage controlling section. In the control section, a sound volume level derived from a sound source is sampled at a rate at which the biological body can feel it in substantially real time. The respective sampled sound levels are converted into frequencies corresponding to low frequencies and output, and predetermined control information.