Abstract: A method for the production of reformed p-vinylphenol polymers which are lightened in color comprising treating a p-vinylphenol polymer under heating at about 150.degree. C. to about 350.degree. C. in the presence of an amine, and if optionally, in the additional presence of an acid compound and/or a reducing agent, and if necessary, in the additional presence of an inert solvent.

Abstract: A knock control system which includes a knock control unit constructed of a transducer portion for detecting vibrations of an engine and converting the detected vibrations into an electric signal, and a knock signal processing unit for delivering a signal indicative of the occurrence of a knock in dependence upon a receipt of the knock signal from the transducer portion. The knock signal processing circuit controls the ignition timing of the internal combustion engine on the basis of the knock signal from the knock control unit. At least one of the transducer portion and the knock signal processing circuit unit of the knock control system is mounted on a portion of a distributor which has a fixing base portion at a part of the housing thereof.

Abstract: A process for the production of a p-vinyl phenol polymer which comprises polymerizing p-vinyl phenol in the presence of (a) phenols that do not have any unsaturated side chains and (b) a polymerization accelerator; wherein water and iron are present in the polymerization reaction system so as to control formation of low molecular weight by-products which damage properties of the resulting p-vinyl phenol polymer.

Abstract: A process for the production of p-vinyl phenol by the dehydrogenation of p-ethyl phenol in a gaseous phase in the presence of a catalyst and a diluent wherein the dehydrogenation of p-ethyl phenol is effected with phenol and/or p-cresol being present in the reaction system in an amount of 5 to 50 wt % of the amount of p-ethyl phenol.

Abstract: A retinal camera wherein the illuminating light amount to the retina is made controllable so as to be of a proper value to make it possible to always obtain a retinal photograph of a proper exposure.

Abstract: A film end detector for use in automatic film winding camera comprises a rotary disc having a light transmitting area and mounted on the drive shaft of a motor which is used to wind up a film automatically. The rotation of the disc is monitored by a combination of a light source and light receiving, photoelectric transducer element which are disposed to monitor the passage of light through the light transmitting area, thus detecting a film end. Logic circuits examine the output of the photoelectric transducer element at predetermined intervals to ascertain the completion or failure of completion of a normal film-winding operation.

Abstract: An ignition timing controller for a supercharged internal combustion engine is mounted on a distributor housing and has a diaphragm responsive to variations in the pressure in the intake passage of the engine. The diaphragm carries a rod operatively connected at one end to an ignition signal generating means disposed in the distributor housing. When the pressure in the intake passage is increased beyond the atmospheric pressure level, the diaphragm is deformed in the ignition timing retarding direction against a compression coil spring, whereas when the pressure in the intake passage is decreased beyond the atmospheric pressure level, the diaphragm is deformed in the ignition timing advancing direction against another compression coil spring or springs.

Abstract: A propylene polymer composition stabilized against oxidative degradation comprising(1) 100 parts by weight of a propylene polymer,(2) 0.001 to 5 parts by weight of a poly(tertiary-butylated p-vinyl phenol) composed substantially of monomeric units represented by the following formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a tertiary butyl group, and (3) 0.001 to 5 parts by weight of a dialkylthiodipropionate represented by the following formula (II)S--C.sub.2 H.sub.4 COOR).sub.2 (II)wherein R represents an alkyl group containing 10 to 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A stabilized synthetic polymer composition comprising(1) 100 parts by weight of a synthetic polymer,(2) 0.001 to 5 parts by weight of a poly(alkylated alkenylphenol) composed substantially of monomeric units represented by the following formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R.sub.1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms; and R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms; and(3) 0.001 to 5 parts by weight of an auxiliary stabilizer selected from the group consisting of polyhydric alcohol esters of alkylthioalkanoic acids, polyesters of thiodipropionic acid and organic phosphite compounds.

Abstract: A graft copolymer membrane prepared by co-grafting a mixture of monomers consisting essentially of acyloxystyrene and/or hydroxystyrene, a polyene compound and at least one member selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and esters of these acids onto a hydrocarbon type of fluorine-containing type polymer by means of ionizing radiation exhibits improved mechanical strength and reduced electrical resistance and provides an excellent ion-exchange membrane.

Abstract: A novel graft copolymer and a process for the production thereof is disclosed, said graft copolymer comprising a backbone chain of a fluoropolymer and side chains grafted thereon consisting essentially of at least a member selected from the group consisting of acyloxystyrene, diacyloxystyrene, hydroxystyrene and dihydroxystyrene or consisting essentially of a mixture of at least a member selected from the group mentioned above and a polyene compound. The grafting is conveniently carried out with the aid of an ionizing radiation. The novel graft copolymer has a wide variety of uses due to its improved characteristic properties such as, for example, improved adhesion properties, improved dyeing properties, improved reactivity to other compounds and the like.

Abstract: A process for purifying a halogenated alkenylphenol polymer by treating the polymer with an aqueous solution of a basic compound such as a hydroxide, carbonate, or hydrogen carbonate of an alkali metal, an alkylamine, or ammonium. By the treatment, low molecular weight halides, etc., contained in the halogenated polymer as impurities are effectively removed.

Abstract: A process of producing a high molecular weight alkenylphenol polymer which comprises cationically polymerizing an alkenylphenol, such as vinylphenol, in the presence of a nitrile using a cationic polymerization initiator in a homogeneous reaction system. The resulting alkenylphenol polymer is useful as a starting material for preparing a thermosetting resin, a high molecular weight electrolytic substance, an ion exchange membrane, adhesives, glass-fiber-reinforced composite materials, etc.

Abstract: A method for diaphragm electrolysis of an alkali metal halides which comprises electrolyzing an alkali metal halide solution by passing an electric current through an anode compartment and a cathode compartment of an electrolytic cell containing the alkali metal halide solution with an ion-exchange membrane of a graft copolymer of a polyolefin main chain and a side chain composed mainly of dihydroxystyrene and grafted to the polyolefin main chain separating the anode compartment and the cathode compartment.

Abstract: A thermosetting resin composition having excellent flame resistance and thermal stability comprising an epoxy resin and a halogenated polyhydroxstyrene and a metal clad laminate comprising at least one planar base material having impregnated therein the above-described flame resistant thermosetting resin composition and at least one metal foil laminated thereon.

Abstract: A thermosetting resin composition having excellent flame resistance and thermal stability comprising an epoxy resin and a halogenated polyhydroxystyrene and a metal clad laminate comprising at least one planar base material having impregnated therein the above-described flame resistant thermosetting resin composition and at least one metal foil laminated thereon.

Abstract: A method for diaphragm electrolysis of an alkali metal halide which comprises electrolyzing an alkali metal halide solution by passing an electric current through an anode compartment and a cathode compartment of an electrolytic cell containing the alkali metal halide solution with an ion-exchange membrane of a graft copolymer of a polyolefin main chain and a side chain composed mainly of hydroxystyrene and grafted to the polyolefin main chain separating the anode compartment and the cathode compartment.

Abstract: A graft copolymer comprising a hydrocarbon polymer main chain and a side chain composed mainly of a styrene compound of the following formula (I) ##SPC1##wherein R is a hydrogen atom or an R'CO group, in which R' is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a polyene compound grafted to the hydrocarbon polymer main chain and a process for preparing the graft copolymer comprising graft-copolymerizing the above copolymer components with the hydrocarbon polymer by ionizing radiation. The graft copolymer is especially suitable as an ion-exchange membrane or a basic polymer matrix for an ion-exchange membrane.

Abstract: A polyion complex derived from a polyanion and a polycation of the general formula ##SPC1##And a process for preparing the polyion complex. A film having superior water permeability and high strength can be prepared from the polyion complex. The film is usable as an ultra-filtering membrane or dialyzing membrane.