Abstract: A binaphthol monophosphoric acid derivative of the following formula (1), (2), (3) or (4): wherein each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 which are independent of one another, is hydrogen, a C2-20 linear or branched alkenyl group, a C2-20 linear or branched alkynyl group, a phenyl group, a phenyl group having its nucleus substituted at the 1- to 4-carbon atom by a C1-10 linear or branched alkyl group, a phenyl group having its nucleus substituted at the 1- to 4-carbon atom by a C2-10 linear or branched alkenyl group, a phenyl group having its nucleus substituted at the 1- to 4-carbon atom by a C2-10 linear or branched alkynyl group, a naphthyl group or a C3-8 cycloalkyl group, provided that R1 to R4 are not simultaneously hydrogen, wherein each of R5, R6, R7 and R8 which are independent of one another, essentially the same as R1, R2, R3 and R4.

Abstract: A portable telephone includes a main body of the telephone, a transducer (preferably an earphone) contained in the main body so that it can be removed therefrom, a cord connecting the transducer and the main body, and a switching mechanism. The portable telephone further comprises transmitting means and a transmission/reception circuit. In one embodiment of the present invention, the switching mechanism switches between an off-hook state and an on-hook state in conjunction with the removing and containing of the transducer from and into the main body of the telephone preferably through the delivery or taking up of the cord from and into the main body of the telephone. In a second embodiment, the portable telephone further includes a hinged lid which is rotatably supported to close an opening provided in the main body.

Abstract: A timer apparatus is provided such that an operation of switches for setting a timer working hour makes it possible to memorize the timer working hour in a timer circuit and also to display this timer working hour in a digital time display device, and, to obtain an output when this timer working hour arrives. In this timer apparatus, the switches for setting a timer working hour are composed of twelve switches disposed at a positional relation corresponding to 1 o'clock to 12 o'clock on the dial plate of a clock.

Abstract: In an FM receiver having a circuit including RF and IF amplifiers for receiving a selected FM broadcast signal, and an FM detector for converting the selected FM broadcast signal to an audio signal which is applied through an audio amplifier to a loudspeaker for operating the latter and thereby producing a corresponding audible sound; the presence of amplitude-modulated components in the selected FM broadcast signal, for example, by reason of the multi-path reception of such broadcast signal at the antenna, is made effective to produce low frequency signals, for example, by amplitude-detecting the output of the IF amplifier, and such low frequency signals are selectively applied to the audio amplifier in place of the audio signal from the FM detector so that the loudspeaker produces a characteristic sound for indicating the existence of multi-path reception.